{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T17:31:48Z","timestamp":1783791108551,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":41,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]],"date-time":"2019-10-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1571097600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3343031.3351025","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,21]],"date-time":"2019-10-21T16:32:26Z","timestamp":1571675546000},"page":"1509-1517","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":195,"title":["A Novel Two-stage Separable Deep Learning Framework for Practical Blind Watermarking"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mengxi","family":"Guo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University &amp; Peng Cheng Laboratory, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yuesheng","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Shenzhen, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaodong","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Peking University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"ReDMark: Framework for Residual Diffusion Watermarking on Deep Networks. CoRR","author":"Ahmadi Mahdi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mahdi Ahmadi , Alireza Norouzi , S. M. Reza Soroushmehr , Nader Karimi , Kayvan Najarian , Shadrokh Samavi , and Ali Emami . 2018. ReDMark: Framework for Residual Diffusion Watermarking on Deep Networks. CoRR , Vol. abs\/ 1810 .07248 ( 2018 ). Mahdi Ahmadi, Alireza Norouzi, S. M. Reza Soroushmehr, Nader Karimi, Kayvan Najarian, Shadrokh Samavi, and Ali Emami. 2018. ReDMark: Framework for Residual Diffusion Watermarking on Deep Networks. CoRR , Vol. abs\/1810.07248 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Vinod Nair Alex Krizhevsky and Geoffrey Hinton. 2009a. The CIFAR-10 dataset. https:\/\/www.cs.toronto.edu\/ kriz\/cifar.html .  Vinod Nair Alex Krizhevsky and Geoffrey Hinton. 2009a. The CIFAR-10 dataset. https:\/\/www.cs.toronto.edu\/ kriz\/cifar.html ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Martin Arjovsky Soumith Chintala and L\u00e9on Bottou. 2017. Wasserstein GAN. In ICML .  Martin Arjovsky Soumith Chintala and L\u00e9on Bottou. 2017. Wasserstein GAN. In ICML ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TCSVT.2004.836745"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","article-title":"Robust Image Watermarking Based on Multiband Wavelets and Empirical Mode Decomposition","volume":"16","author":"Bi N.","year":"2007","unstructured":"N. Bi , Q. Sun , D. Huang , Z. Yang , and J. Huang . 2007 . Robust Image Watermarking Based on Multiband Wavelets and Empirical Mode Decomposition . IEEE Transactions on Image Processing , Vol. 16 (2007). N. Bi, Q. Sun , D. Huang, Z. Yang, and J. Huang. 2007. Robust Image Watermarking Based on Multiband Wavelets and Empirical Mode Decomposition. IEEE Transactions on Image Processing , Vol. 16 (2007).","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Image Processing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Xi Chen Yan Duan Rein Houthooft John Schulman Ilya Sutskever and Pieter Abbeel. 2016. InfoGAN: Interpretable Representation Learning by Information Maximizing Generative Adversarial Nets. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems .  Xi Chen Yan Duan Rein Houthooft John Schulman Ilya Sutskever and Pieter Abbeel. 2016. InfoGAN: Interpretable Representation Learning by Information Maximizing Generative Adversarial Nets. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Ronan Collobert Koray Kavukcuoglu and Cl\u00e9ment Farabet. 2011. Torch7: A Matlab-like Environment for Machine Learning. In NIPS .  Ronan Collobert Koray Kavukcuoglu and Cl\u00e9ment Farabet. 2011. Torch7: A Matlab-like Environment for Machine Learning. In NIPS ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Bo Dai Sanja Fidler Raquel Urtasun and Dahua Lin. 2017. Towards Diverse and Natural Image Descriptions via a Conditional GAN. In ICCV .  Bo Dai Sanja Fidler Raquel Urtasun and Dahua Lin. 2017. Towards Diverse and Natural Image Descriptions via a Conditional GAN. In ICCV .","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2017.323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T. Dekel M. Rubinstein C. Liu and W. T. Freeman. 2017. On the Effectiveness of Visible Watermarks. In CVPR .  T. Dekel M. Rubinstein C. Liu and W. T. Freeman. 2017. On the Effectiveness of Visible Watermarks. In CVPR .","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2017.726"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/290747.290757"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSP.2003.812753"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/93.959097"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering","volume":"4675","author":"Fridrich Jessica","year":"2002","unstructured":"Jessica Fridrich and Miroslav Goljan . 2002 . Practical Steganalysis of Digital Images - State of the Art . Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering , Vol. 4675 (2002). Jessica Fridrich and Miroslav Goljan. 2002. Practical Steganalysis of Digital Images - State of the Art. Proceedings of SPIE - The International Society for Optical Engineering , Vol. 4675 (2002)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Ian Goodfellow Jean Pouget-Abadie Mehdi Mirza Bing Xu David Warde-Farley Sherjil Ozair Aaron Courville and Yoshua Bengio. 2014. Generative Adversarial Nets. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems .  Ian Goodfellow Jean Pouget-Abadie Mehdi Mirza Bing Xu David Warde-Farley Sherjil Ozair Aaron Courville and Yoshua Bengio. 2014. Generative Adversarial Nets. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/773153.773172"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Multimedia .","author":"Guo Huiping","unstructured":"Huiping Guo and Nicolas D. Georganas . 2002. Digital Image Watermarking for Joint Ownership . In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Multimedia . Huiping Guo and Nicolas D. Georganas. 2002. Digital Image Watermarking for Joint Ownership. In Proceedings of the Tenth ACM International Conference on Multimedia ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2000 ACM Workshops on Multimedia .","author":"Haitsma Jaap","unstructured":"Jaap Haitsma , Michiel van der Veen, Ton Kalker, and Fons Bruekers. 2000. Audio Watermarking for Monitoring and Copy Protection . In Proceedings of the 2000 ACM Workshops on Multimedia . Jaap Haitsma, Michiel van der Veen, Ton Kalker, and Fons Bruekers. 2000. Audio Watermarking for Monitoring and Copy Protection. In Proceedings of the 2000 ACM Workshops on Multimedia ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Hocine Cherifi, and Mohammed El Hassouni.","author":"Hamidi Mohamed","year":"2018","unstructured":"Mohamed Hamidi , Mohamed El Haziti , Hocine Cherifi, and Mohammed El Hassouni. 2018 . Hybrid blind robust image watermarking technique based on DFT-DCT and Arnold transform. Multimedia Tools and Applications , Vol. 77 (2018). Mohamed Hamidi, Mohamed El Haziti, Hocine Cherifi, and Mohammed El Hassouni. 2018. Hybrid blind robust image watermarking technique based on DFT-DCT and Arnold transform. Multimedia Tools and Applications , Vol. 77 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"K. He X. Zhang S. Ren and J. Sun. 2016. Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. In CVPR .  K. He X. Zhang S. Ren and J. Sun. 2016. Deep Residual Learning for Image Recognition. In CVPR .","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2016.90"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Efros","author":"Isola Phillip","year":"2017","unstructured":"Phillip Isola , Jun-Yan Zhu , Tinghui Zhou , and Alexei A . Efros . 2017 . Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networks. In CVPR . Phillip Isola, Jun-Yan Zhu, Tinghui Zhou, and Alexei A. Efros. 2017. Image-to-Image Translation with Conditional Adversarial Networks. In CVPR ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Sai Gorthi","author":"Kandi Haribabu","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haribabu Kandi , Deepak Mishra , and Subrahmanyam R.K . Sai Gorthi . 2017 . Exploring the learning capabilities of convolutional neural networks for robust image watermarking. Computers & Security , Vol. 65 (2017). Haribabu Kandi, Deepak Mishra, and Subrahmanyam R.K. Sai Gorthi. 2017. Exploring the learning capabilities of convolutional neural networks for robust image watermarking. Computers & Security , Vol. 65 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2006.873652"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Kingma and Jimmy Ba","author":"Diederik","year":"2015","unstructured":"Diederik P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba . 2015 . Adam : A Method for Stochastic Optimization. CoRR , Vol. abs\/ 1412 .6980 (2015). Diederik P. Kingma and Jimmy Ba. 2015. Adam: A Method for Stochastic Optimization. CoRR , Vol. abs\/1412.6980 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing .","author":"Kundur D.","unstructured":"D. Kundur and D. Hatzinakos . 1997. A robust digital image watermarking method using wavelet-based fusion . In Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing . D. Kundur and D. Hatzinakos. 1997. A robust digital image watermarking method using wavelet-based fusion. In Proceedings of International Conference on Image Processing ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"Tsung-Yi Lin Michael Maire Serge J. Belongie Lubomir D. Bourdev Ross B. Girshick James Hays Pietro Perona Deva Ramanan Piotr Doll\u00e1r and C. Lawrence Zitnick. 2014. Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context. In ECCV .  Tsung-Yi Lin Michael Maire Serge J. Belongie Lubomir D. Bourdev Ross B. Girshick James Hays Pietro Perona Deva Ramanan Piotr Doll\u00e1r and C. Lawrence Zitnick. 2014. Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context. In ECCV ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Makbol and Bee Ee Khoo","author":"Nasrin","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nasrin M. Makbol and Bee Ee Khoo . 2013 . Robust blind image watermarking scheme based on Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications , Vol. 67 (2013). Nasrin M. Makbol and Bee Ee Khoo. 2013. Robust blind image watermarking scheme based on Redundant Discrete Wavelet Transform and Singular Value Decomposition. AEU - International Journal of Electronics and Communications , Vol. 67 (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets. CoRR","author":"Mirza Mehdi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Mehdi Mirza and Simon Osindero . 2014. Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets. CoRR , Vol. abs\/ 1411 .1784 ( 2014 ). Mehdi Mirza and Simon Osindero. 2014. Conditional Generative Adversarial Nets. CoRR , Vol. abs\/1411.1784 (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","unstructured":"Takeru Miyato Toshiki Kataoka Masanori Koyama and Yuichi Yoshida. 2018. Spectral Normalization for Generative Adversarial Networks. In ICLR .  Takeru Miyato Toshiki Kataoka Masanori Koyama and Yuichi Yoshida. 2018. Spectral Normalization for Generative Adversarial Networks. In ICLR ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"A Robust Blind Watermarking Using Convolutional Neural Network. CoRR","author":"Mun Seung-Min","year":"2017","unstructured":"Seung-Min Mun , Seung-Hun Nam , Han-Ul Jang , Dongkyu Kim , and Heung-Kyu Lee . 2017. A Robust Blind Watermarking Using Convolutional Neural Network. CoRR , Vol. abs\/ 1704 .03248 ( 2017 ). Seung-Min Mun, Seung-Hun Nam, Han-Ul Jang, Dongkyu Kim, and Heung-Kyu Lee. 2017. A Robust Blind Watermarking Using Convolutional Neural Network. CoRR , Vol. abs\/1704.03248 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Neurocomputing","volume":"337","author":"Mun Seung-Min","year":"2019","unstructured":"Seung-Min Mun , Seung-Hun Nam , Haneol Jang , Dongkyu Kim , and Heung-Kyu Lee . 2019 . Finding robust domain from attacks: A learning framework for blind watermarking . Neurocomputing , Vol. 337 (2019). Seung-Min Mun, Seung-Hun Nam, Haneol Jang, Dongkyu Kim, and Heung-Kyu Lee. 2019. Finding robust domain from attacks: A learning framework for blind watermarking. Neurocomputing , Vol. 337 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Third International IEEE Conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System .","author":"Nasir I.","unstructured":"I. Nasir , Y. Weng , and J. Jiang . 2007. A New Robust Watermarking Scheme for Color Image in Spatial Domain . In Third International IEEE Conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System . I. Nasir, Y. Weng , and J. Jiang. 2007. A New Robust Watermarking Scheme for Color Image in Spatial Domain. In Third International IEEE Conference on Signal-Image Technologies and Internet-Based System ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073170.1073180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Alec Radford Luke Metz and Soumith Chintala. 2016. Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks. In ICLR .  Alec Radford Luke Metz and Soumith Chintala. 2016. Unsupervised Representation Learning with Deep Convolutional Generative Adversarial Networks. In ICLR ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Scott Reed Zeynep Akata Xinchen Yan Lajanugen Logeswaran Bernt Schiele and Honglak Lee. 2016. Generative Adversarial Text to Image Synthesis. In ICML .  Scott Reed Zeynep Akata Xinchen Yan Lajanugen Logeswaran Bernt Schiele and Honglak Lee. 2016. Generative Adversarial Text to Image Synthesis. In ICML ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Workshop on Contents Protection and Security .","author":"Topkara Mercan","unstructured":"Mercan Topkara , Umut Topkara , and Mikhail J. Atallah . 2006. Words Are Not Enough: Sentence Level Natural Language Watermarking . In Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Workshop on Contents Protection and Security . Mercan Topkara, Umut Topkara, and Mikhail J. Atallah. 2006. Words Are Not Enough: Sentence Level Natural Language Watermarking. In Proceedings of the 4th ACM International Workshop on Contents Protection and Security ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICIP.1994.413536"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Wavelet-based digital image watermarking. Opt","author":"Mike Wang Houng-Jyh","year":"1998","unstructured":"Houng-Jyh Mike Wang , Po-Chyi Su , and C.-C. Jay Kuo . 1998. Wavelet-based digital image watermarking. Opt . Express , Vol . 3 ( 1998 ). Houng-Jyh Mike Wang, Po-Chyi Su, and C.-C. Jay Kuo. 1998. Wavelet-based digital image watermarking. Opt. Express , Vol. 3 (1998)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","unstructured":"Xiang Wei Zixia Liu Liqiang Wang and Boqing Gong. 2018. Improving the Improved Training of Wasserstein GAN. In ICLR .  Xiang Wei Zixia Liu Liqiang Wang and Boqing Gong. 2018. Improving the Improved Training of Wasserstein GAN. In ICLR ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/500141.500244"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networks . arXiv e-prints","author":"Zhang Han","year":"2018","unstructured":"Han Zhang , Ian Goodfellow , Dimitris Metaxas , and Augustus Odena . 2018. Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networks . arXiv e-prints , Vol. abs\/ 1805 .08318 ( 2018 ). Han Zhang, Ian Goodfellow, Dimitris Metaxas, and Augustus Odena. 2018. Self-Attention Generative Adversarial Networks . arXiv e-prints , Vol. abs\/1805.08318 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jiren Zhu Russell Kaplan Justin Johnson and Li Fei-Fei. 2018. HiDDeN: Hiding Data With Deep Networks. In ECCV .  Jiren Zhu Russell Kaplan Justin Johnson and Li Fei-Fei. 2018. HiDDeN: Hiding Data With Deep Networks. In ECCV .","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-01267-0_40"}],"event":{"name":"MM '19: The 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia","location":"Nice France","acronym":"MM '19","sponsor":["SIGMM ACM Special Interest Group on Multimedia"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Multimedia"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3343031.3351025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3343031.3351025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T23:13:11Z","timestamp":1750201991000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3343031.3351025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"references-count":41,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3343031.3351025","10.1145\/3343031"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3343031.3351025","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,10,15]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-10-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}