{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T17:03:26Z","timestamp":1780765406426,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":30,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]],"date-time":"2019-11-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1573603200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3360322.3360841","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,5]],"date-time":"2019-11-05T18:56:15Z","timestamp":1572980175000},"page":"31-40","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["City Scale Monitoring of On-Street Parking Violations with StreetHAWK"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Alok","family":"Ranjan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prasant","family":"Misra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TCS Research & Innovation, Bangalore & Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arunchandar","family":"Vasan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TCS Research & Innovation, Bangalore & Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sunil","family":"Krishnakumar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TCS Research & Innovation, Bangalore & Chennai, India"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anand","family":"Sivasubramaniam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Cars take up way too much space in cities. https:\/\/www.vox.com\/a\/new-economy-future\/cars-cities-technologies. Accessed: 2018-12-13.  [n.d.]. Cars take up way too much space in cities. https:\/\/www.vox.com\/a\/new-economy-future\/cars-cities-technologies. Accessed: 2018-12-13."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"COCO: Common Objects in Context","unstructured":"[n.d.]. COCO: Common Objects in Context . http:\/\/cocodataset.org. Accessed: 2018-12-10. [n.d.]. COCO: Common Objects in Context. http:\/\/cocodataset.org. Accessed: 2018-12-10."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Google Maps Platform: Snap to Roads. https:\/\/developers.google.com\/maps\/documentation\/roads\/snap\/. Accessed: 2018-12-10.  [n.d.]. Google Maps Platform: Snap to Roads. https:\/\/developers.google.com\/maps\/documentation\/roads\/snap\/. Accessed: 2018-12-10."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"The PASCAL VOC project","unstructured":"[n.d.]. The PASCAL VOC project . http:\/\/host.robots.ox.ac.uk\/pascal\/VOC\/. Accessed: 2018-12-10. [n.d.]. The PASCAL VOC project. http:\/\/host.robots.ox.ac.uk\/pascal\/VOC\/. Accessed: 2018-12-10."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Proc. of the 5th Conf. on Systems for Built Environments (BuildSys '18)","author":"Bhandari R.","unstructured":"R. Bhandari , A. U. Nambi , V. N. Padmanabhan , and B. Raman . 2018. DeepLane: Camera-assisted GPS for Driving Lane Detection . In Proc. of the 5th Conf. on Systems for Built Environments (BuildSys '18) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 73--82. R. Bhandari, A. U. Nambi, V. N. Padmanabhan, and B. Raman. 2018. DeepLane: Camera-assisted GPS for Driving Lane Detection. In Proc. of the 5th Conf. on Systems for Built Environments (BuildSys '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 73--82."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"ParkUs: A Novel Vehicle Parking Detection System. In The Twenty-Ninth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference.","author":"Carnelli P.","unstructured":"P. Carnelli , J. Yeh , M. Sooriyabandara , and A. Khan . 2017 . ParkUs: A Novel Vehicle Parking Detection System. In The Twenty-Ninth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference. P. Carnelli, J. Yeh, M. Sooriyabandara, and A. Khan. 2017. ParkUs: A Novel Vehicle Parking Detection System. In The Twenty-Ninth Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence Conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"ParkGauge: Gauging the Occupancy of Parking Garages with Crowdsensed Parking Characteristics. In 17th IEEE International Conf. on Mobile Data Management (MDM)","volume":"1","author":"Cherian J.","unstructured":"J. Cherian , J. Luo , H. Guo , S. Ho , and R. Wisbrun . 2016 . ParkGauge: Gauging the Occupancy of Parking Garages with Crowdsensed Parking Characteristics. In 17th IEEE International Conf. on Mobile Data Management (MDM) , Vol. 1 . 92--101. J. Cherian, J. Luo, H. Guo, S. Ho, and R. Wisbrun. 2016. ParkGauge: Gauging the Occupancy of Parking Garages with Crowdsensed Parking Characteristics. In 17th IEEE International Conf. on Mobile Data Management (MDM), Vol. 1. 92--101."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). 667--672","author":"Ge S.","unstructured":"S. Ge , Z. Luo , S. Zhao , X. Jin , and X. Zhang . 2017. Compressing deep neural networks for efficient visual inference . In IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). 667--672 . S. Ge, Z. Luo, S. Zhao, X. Jin, and X. Zhang. 2017. Compressing deep neural networks for efficient visual inference. In IEEE International Conference on Multimedia and Expo (ICME). 667--672."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Second ACM\/IEEE Symposium on Edge Computing (SEC '17)","author":"Grassi G.","unstructured":"G. Grassi , K. Jamieson , P. Bahl , and G. Pau . 2017. Parkmaster: An In-vehicle, Edge-based Video Analytics Service for Detecting Open Parking Spaces in Urban Environments . In Proceedings of the Second ACM\/IEEE Symposium on Edge Computing (SEC '17) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 16, 14 pages. G. Grassi, K. Jamieson, P. Bahl, and G. Pau. 2017. Parkmaster: An In-vehicle, Edge-based Video Analytics Service for Detecting Open Parking Spaces in Urban Environments. In Proceedings of the Second ACM\/IEEE Symposium on Edge Computing (SEC '17). ACM, New York, NY, USA, Article 16, 14 pages."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"Between the","volume":"58","author":"Greengard S.","year":"2015","unstructured":"S. Greengard . 2015 . Between the Lines. Commun. ACM 58 , 6 (May 2015), 15--17. S. Greengard. 2015. Between the Lines. Commun. ACM 58, 6 (May 2015), 15--17.","journal-title":"Lines. Commun. ACM"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining (KDD '18)","author":"He T.","unstructured":"T. He , J. Bao , R. Li , S. Ruan , Y. Li , C. Tian , and Y. Zheng . 2018. Detecting Vehicle Illegal Parking Events Using Sharing Bikes' Trajectories . In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining (KDD '18) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 340--349. T. He, J. Bao, R. Li, S. Ruan, Y. Li, C. Tian, and Y. Zheng. 2018. Detecting Vehicle Illegal Parking Events Using Sharing Bikes' Trajectories. In Proceedings of the 24th ACM SIGKDD International Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining (KDD '18). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 340--349."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"A. G. Howard M. Zhu B. Chen D. Kalenichenko W. Wang T. Weyand M. Andreetto and H. Adam. 2017. MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications. CoRR abs\/1704.04861 (2017). arXiv:1704.04861  A. G. Howard M. Zhu B. Chen D. Kalenichenko W. Wang T. Weyand M. Andreetto and H. Adam. 2017. MobileNets: Efficient Convolutional Neural Networks for Mobile Vision Applications. CoRR abs\/1704.04861 (2017). arXiv:1704.04861"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Collaborative Sensing for Urban Transportation","volume":"37","author":"Ilarri S.","year":"2014","unstructured":"S. Ilarri , O. Wolfson , and T. Delot . 2014 . Collaborative Sensing for Urban Transportation . IEEE Computer Society Data Engineering Bulletin 37 (2014), 3 -- 14 . S. Ilarri, O. Wolfson, and T. Delot. 2014. Collaborative Sensing for Urban Transportation. IEEE Computer Society Data Engineering Bulletin 37 (2014), 3--14.","journal-title":"IEEE Computer Society Data Engineering Bulletin"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"IEEE International Conf. on Comm. (ICC). 1--7.","author":"Krieg J.","unstructured":"J. Krieg , G. Jakllari , H. Toma , and A. Beylot . 2016. Unlocking the smartphone's senses for smart city parking . In IEEE International Conf. on Comm. (ICC). 1--7. J. Krieg, G. Jakllari, H. Toma, and A. Beylot. 2016. Unlocking the smartphone's senses for smart city parking. In IEEE International Conf. on Comm. (ICC). 1--7."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","first-page":"12","article-title":"A Survey of Smart Parking Solutions","volume":"18","author":"Lin T.","year":"2017","unstructured":"T. Lin , H. Rivano , and F. Le Mouel . 2017 . A Survey of Smart Parking Solutions . IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Sys. 18 , 12 (Dec 2017), 3229--3253. T. Lin, H. Rivano, and F. Le Mouel. 2017. A Survey of Smart Parking Solutions. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Sys. 18, 12 (Dec 2017), 3229--3253.","journal-title":"IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Sys."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T.-Yi Lin M. Maire S. Belongie J. Hays P. Perona D. Ramanan P. Doll\u00e1r and C. L. Zitnick. 2014. Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context. In Computer Vision - ECCV 2014 D. Fleet T. Pajdla B. Schiele and T. Tuytelaars (Eds.). Springer International Publishing Cham 740--755.  T.-Yi Lin M. Maire S. Belongie J. Hays P. Perona D. Ramanan P. Doll\u00e1r and C. L. Zitnick. 2014. Microsoft COCO: Common Objects in Context. In Computer Vision - ECCV 2014 D. Fleet T. Pajdla B. Schiele and T. Tuytelaars (Eds.). Springer International Publishing Cham 740--755.","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10602-1_48"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector. In Computer Vision - ECCV","author":"Liu W.","year":"2016","unstructured":"W. Liu , D. Anguelov , D. Erhan , C. Szegedy , S. Reed , C.-Y. Fu , and A. C. Berg . 2016 . SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector. In Computer Vision - ECCV 2016, Bastian Leibe, Jiri Matas , Nicu Sebe, and Max Welling (Eds.). Springer International Publishing , Cham, 21--37. W. Liu, D. Anguelov, D. Erhan, C. Szegedy, S. Reed, C.-Y. Fu, and A. C. Berg. 2016. SSD: Single Shot MultiBox Detector. In Computer Vision - ECCV 2016, Bastian Leibe, Jiri Matas, Nicu Sebe, and Max Welling (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 21--37."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys '10)","author":"Mathur S.","unstructured":"S. Mathur , T. Jin , N. Kasturirangan , J. Chandrasekaran , W. Xue , M. Gruteser , and W. Trappe . 2010. ParkNet: Drive-by Sensing of Road-side Parking Statistics . In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys '10) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 123--136. S. Mathur, T. Jin, N. Kasturirangan, J. Chandrasekaran, W. Xue, M. Gruteser, and W. Trappe. 2010. ParkNet: Drive-by Sensing of Road-side Parking Statistics. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys '10). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 123--136."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3351422.3351426"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems (SenSys '08)","author":"Mohan P.","unstructured":"P. Mohan , V. Padmanabhan , and R. Ramjee . 2008. Nericell: Rich Monitoring of Road and Traffic Conditions Using Mobile Smartphones . In Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems (SenSys '08) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 323--336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1460412.1460444 10.1145\/1460412.1460444 P. Mohan, V. Padmanabhan, and R. Ramjee. 2008. Nericell: Rich Monitoring of Road and Traffic Conditions Using Mobile Smartphones. In Proceedings of the 6th ACM Conference on Embedded Network Sensor Systems (SenSys '08). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 323--336. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1460412.1460444"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp '14)","author":"Nandugudi A.","unstructured":"A. Nandugudi , T. Ki , C. Nuessle , and G. Challen . 2014. PocketParker: Pocket-sourcing Parking Lot Availability . In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp '14) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 963--973. A. Nandugudi, T. Ki, C. Nuessle, and G. Challen. 2014. PocketParker: Pocket-sourcing Parking Lot Availability. In Proceedings of the 2014 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing (UbiComp '14). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 963--973."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing & Networking (MobiCom '13)","author":"Nawaz S.","unstructured":"S. Nawaz , C. Efstratiou , and C. Mascolo . 2013. ParkSense: A Smartphone Based Sensing System for On-street Parking . In Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing & Networking (MobiCom '13) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 75--86. S. Nawaz, C. Efstratiou, and C. Mascolo. 2013. ParkSense: A Smartphone Based Sensing System for On-street Parking. In Proceedings of the 19th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing & Networking (MobiCom '13). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 75--86."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '14)","author":"Oquab M.","unstructured":"M. Oquab , L. Bottou , I. Laptev , and J. Sivic . 2014. Learning and Transferring Mid-level Image Representations Using Convolutional Neural Networks . In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '14) . IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 1717--1724. M. Oquab, L. Bottou, I. Laptev, and J. Sivic. 2014. Learning and Transferring Mid-level Image Representations Using Convolutional Neural Networks. In Proceedings of the 2014 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '14). IEEE Computer Society, Washington, DC, USA, 1717--1724."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPAMI.2016.2577031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks: Mobile Networks for Classification, Detection and Segmentation. CoRR abs\/1801.04381","author":"Sandler M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"M. Sandler , A. G. Howard , M. Zhu , A. Zhmoginov , and L.-C. Chen . 2018. Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks: Mobile Networks for Classification, Detection and Segmentation. CoRR abs\/1801.04381 ( 2018 ). arXiv:1801.04381 M. Sandler, A. G. Howard, M. Zhu, A. Zhmoginov, and L.-C. Chen. 2018. Inverted Residuals and Linear Bottlenecks: Mobile Networks for Classification, Detection and Segmentation. CoRR abs\/1801.04381 (2018). arXiv:1801.04381"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). 1--9.","author":"Szegedy C.","unstructured":"C. Szegedy , W. Liu , Y. Jia , P. Sermanet , S. Reed , D. Anguelov , D. Erhan , V. Vanhoucke , and A. Rabinovich . 2015. Going deeper with convolutions . In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). 1--9. C. Szegedy, W. Liu, Y. Jia, P. Sermanet, S. Reed, D. Anguelov, D. Erhan, V. Vanhoucke, and A. Rabinovich. 2015. Going deeper with convolutions. In 2015 IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR). 1--9."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Proc. of the 7th ACM Conf. on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys '09)","author":"Thiagarajan A.","unstructured":"A. Thiagarajan , L. Ravindranath , K. LaCurts , S. Madden , H. Balakrishnan , S. Toledo , and J. Eriksson . 2009. VTrack: Accurate, Energy-aware Road Traffic Delay Estimation Using Mobile Phones . In Proc. of the 7th ACM Conf. on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys '09) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 85--98. A. Thiagarajan, L. Ravindranath, K. LaCurts, S. Madden, H. Balakrishnan, S. Toledo, and J. Eriksson. 2009. VTrack: Accurate, Energy-aware Road Traffic Delay Estimation Using Mobile Phones. In Proc. of the 7th ACM Conf. on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems (SenSys '09). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 85--98."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2010.2065803"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Real-Time Street Parking Availability Estimation. In IEEE 14th International Conference on Mobile Data Management","volume":"1","author":"Xu B.","unstructured":"B. Xu , O. Wolfson , J. Yang , L. Stenneth , P. S. Yu , and P. C. Nelson . 2013 . Real-Time Street Parking Availability Estimation. In IEEE 14th International Conference on Mobile Data Management , Vol. 1 . 16--25. B. Xu, O. Wolfson, J. Yang, L. Stenneth, P. S. Yu, and P. C. Nelson. 2013. Real-Time Street Parking Availability Estimation. In IEEE 14th International Conference on Mobile Data Management, Vol. 1. 16--25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Proceeding of the 11th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys '13)","author":"You C.-W.","unstructured":"C.-W. You and et al. 2013. CarSafe App: Alerting Drowsy and Distracted Drivers Using Dual Cameras on Smartphones . In Proceeding of the 11th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys '13) . ACM, New York, NY, USA, 461--462. C.-W. You and et al. 2013. CarSafe App: Alerting Drowsy and Distracted Drivers Using Dual Cameras on Smartphones. In Proceeding of the 11th Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services (MobiSys '13). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 461--462."}],"event":{"name":"BuildSys '19: The 6th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation","location":"New York NY USA","acronym":"BuildSys '19","sponsor":["SIGEnergy ACM Special Interest Group on Energy Systems and Informatics"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 6th ACM International Conference on Systems for Energy-Efficient Buildings, Cities, and Transportation"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3360322.3360841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3360322.3360841","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T23:44:29Z","timestamp":1750203869000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3360322.3360841"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3360322.3360841","10.1145\/3360322"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3360322.3360841","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-11-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}