{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,26]],"date-time":"2025-09-26T00:05:52Z","timestamp":1758845152767,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]],"date-time":"2020-04-10T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1586476800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001381","name":"Singapore National Research Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001381","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Model. Comput. Simul."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Common car-following models for microscopic traffic simulation assume a time advancement using fixed-sized time steps. However, a purely time-driven execution is inefficient when the states of some agents are independent of other agents and thus predictable far into the simulated future. We propose a method to accelerate microscopic traffic simulations based on identifying independence among agent state updates. Instead of iteratively updating an agent\u2019s state throughout a sequence of time steps, a computationally inexpensive \u201cfast-forward\u201d function advances the agent\u2019s state to the time of its earliest possible interaction with other agents. We present an algorithm to determine independence intervals in microscopic traffic simulations and derive fast-forward functions for several well-known traffic models. In contrast to existing approaches based on reducing the level of detail, our approach retains the microscopic nature of the simulation. An evaluation is performed for a synthetic scenario and on the road network of Singapore. At low traffic densities, maximum speedup factors of about 2.6 and 1.6 are achieved, while at the highest considered densities, only few opportunities for fast-forwarding exist. We show that the deviation from purely time-driven execution is reduced to a minimum when choosing an adequate numerical integration scheme to execute the time-driven updates. Verification results show that the overall deviation in vehicle travel times is marginal.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3366019","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,11]],"date-time":"2020-04-11T02:06:38Z","timestamp":1586570798000},"page":"1-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Fidelity and Performance of State Fast-forwarding in Microscopic Traffic Simulations"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"30","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0211-7136","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Philipp","family":"Andelfinger","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Oak Ridge National Laboratory, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yadong","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TUMCREATE, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Eckhoff","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"TUMCREATE, Singapore 8 Technical University of Munich, Germany"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Wentong","family":"Cai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alois","family":"Knoll","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Technical University of Munich, Germany 8 Nanyang Technological University, Singapore"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3200921.3200923"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.51.1035"},{"volume-title":"Dynamic Network Simulation with AIMSUN","author":"Barcel\u00f3 Jaime","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-24109-4_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0361198105193400123"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Winter Simulation Conference. IEEE Press","author":"Arnold","key":"e_1_2_1_5_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/opre.6.2.165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PADS.2006.20"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/2315-10"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Symposium on Symbolic and Algebraic Computation. ACM","author":"Corless Robert M.","key":"e_1_2_1_9_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Simulation Symposium. Society for Computer Simulation International, 66--73","year":"2000","author":"Davidson A.","key":"e_1_2_1_10_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/375658.375659"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Simulation. IEEE Computer Society","author":"Ferenci Steve L.","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WSC.2015.7408152"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel Processing","volume":"3","author":"Fujimoto R. M.","year":"1988"},{"volume-title":"Parallel and Distributed Simulation Systems","author":"Fujimoto Richard M.","key":"e_1_2_1_15_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00029890.1985.11971554"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2615(81)90037-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0191-2615(86)90012-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.22360\/SpringSim.2016.HPC.046"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Principles of Advanced Discrete Simulation. ACM","author":"Hanai Masatoshi","key":"e_1_2_1_20_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Parallel and Distributed Processing Techniques and Applications. CSREA Press","year":"2012","author":"Harris Jack","key":"e_1_2_1_21_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.58.133"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Road Safety and Simulation. 1--22","year":"2011","author":"Higgs Bryan","key":"e_1_2_1_23_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/508366.508370"},{"volume-title":"Traffic Flow Dynamics: Data, Models and Simulation","author":"Kesting Arne","key":"e_1_2_1_25_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3141\/1999-10"},{"volume-title":"Agents for traffic simulation","author":"Kesting Arne","key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","DOI":"10.1201\/9781420070248.ch11"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0037549708096691"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/71.80174"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Simulation. IEEE Computer Society","author":"Liu Jason","key":"e_1_2_1_31_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/63238.63247"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TMM.2003.819751"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Workshop on Multi-agent Systems and Agent-based Simulation. Springer","year":"2014","author":"Meyer Ruth","key":"e_1_2_1_34_1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Parallel and Distributed Simulation. IEEE","author":"Richard","key":"e_1_2_1_35_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/12.2258"},{"volume-title":"Manning","year":"1979","author":"Peacock J. Kent","key":"e_1_2_1_37_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2015.05.371"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.entcs.2016.09.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1641804.1641828"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-10675-0_10"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2005.09.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2517449"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.procs.2013.05.231"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevE.62.1805"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.physa.2014.09.061"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2486092.2486108"},{"volume-title":"Simulation des Strassenverkehrsflusses. Habilitation Thesis","author":"Wiedemann Rainer","key":"e_1_2_1_48_1"},{"volume-title":"Issue PADS 2015 27","year":"2017","author":"Xu Yadong","key":"e_1_2_1_49_1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1504\/IJSPM.2009.028624"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2769458.2769475"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th GI\/ITG KuVS Fachgespr\u00e4ch Inter-Vehicle Communication Conference. FAU Erlangen-Nuremberg","year":"2017","author":"Zehe Daniel","key":"e_1_2_1_52_1"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3366019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3366019","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T17:49:08Z","timestamp":1750268948000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3366019"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3366019"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3366019","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-3301","1558-1195"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1049-3301"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1558-1195"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,10]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2018-12-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2019-10-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-10","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}