{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,24]],"date-time":"2025-10-24T16:44:13Z","timestamp":1761324253296,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":61,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]],"date-time":"2019-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1575849600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3366625.3369437","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,11,20]],"date-time":"2019-11-20T13:56:52Z","timestamp":1574258212000},"page":"6-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["An In-Depth Look of BFT Consensus in Blockchain"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Suyash","family":"Gupta","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Exploratory Systems Lab Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jelle","family":"Hellings","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exploratory Systems Lab Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sajjad","family":"Rahnama","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exploratory Systems Lab Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mohammad","family":"Sadoghi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Exploratory Systems Lab Department of Computer Science, University of California, Davis"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ittai Abraham Srinivas Devadas Danny Dolev Kartik Nayak and Ling Ren. 2018. Synchronous Byzantine Agreement with Expected O(1) Rounds Expected O(n2) Communication and Optimal Resilience. (2018).  Ittai Abraham Srinivas Devadas Danny Dolev Kartik Nayak and Ling Ren. 2018. Synchronous Byzantine Agreement with Expected O(1) Rounds Expected O(n2) Communication and Optimal Resilience. (2018).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-32101-7_20"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3342263.3342275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3190508.3190538"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"GSM Association. 2017. Blockchain for Development: Emerging Opportunities for Mobile Identity and Aid. (2017). https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/mobilefordevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Blockchain-for-Development.pdf  GSM Association. 2017. Blockchain for Development: Emerging Opportunities for Mobile Identity and Aid. (2017). https:\/\/www.gsma.com\/mobilefordevelopment\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/12\/Blockchain-for-Development.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2658994"},{"volume-title":"RBFT: Redundant Byzantine Fault Tolerance. In 2013 IEEE 33rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems. IEEE, 297--306","year":"2013","author":"Aublin Pierre-Louis","key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MC.2012.37"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/343477.343502"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"31st International Symposium on Distributed Computing (Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics)","volume":"91","author":"Cachin Christian","year":"2017"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Miguel Castro. 2001. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance. Ph.D. Dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/1721.1\/86581  Miguel Castro. 2001. Practical Byzantine Fault Tolerance. Ph.D. Dissertation. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/1721.1\/86581"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/296806.296824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/571637.571640"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Christie's. 2018. Major Collection of the Fall Auction Season to be Recorded with Blockchain Technology. (2018). https:\/\/www.christies.com\/presscenter\/pdf\/9160\/RELEASE_ChristiesxArtoryxEbsworth_9160_1.pdf  Christie's. 2018. Major Collection of the Fall Auction Season to be Recorded with Blockchain Technology. (2018). https:\/\/www.christies.com\/presscenter\/pdf\/9160\/RELEASE_ChristiesxArtoryxEbsworth_9160_1.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.joule.2018.04.016"},{"volume-title":"Cryptographic Protocols. In Proceedings of the Fourteenth Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. ACM, 383--400","author":"DeMillo Richard A.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TKDE.2017.2781227"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SFCS.1981.53"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0196-6774(82)90004-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2455.214112"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1137\/0212045"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3342263.3342636"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3299869.3320237"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0190(82)90033-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3149.214121"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/564585.564601"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csbj.2018.06.003"},{"volume-title":"Operating Systems, An Advanced Course","author":"Gray Jim","key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","unstructured":"Andy Greenberg. 2018. The Untold Story of NotPetya the Most Devastating Cyberattack in History. (2018). https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/notpetya-cyberattack-ukraine-russia-code-crashed-the-world\/  Andy Greenberg. 2018. The Untold Story of NotPetya the Most Devastating Cyberattack in History. (2018). https:\/\/www.wired.com\/story\/notpetya-cyberattack-ukraine-russia-code-crashed-the-world\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"33rd International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2019) (Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs))","volume":"146","author":"Gupta Suyash","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suyash Gupta Jelle Hellings and Mohammad Sadoghi. 2020. Fault-Tolerant Distributed Transactions on Blockchains. (to appear).  Suyash Gupta Jelle Hellings and Mohammad Sadoghi. 2020. Fault-Tolerant Distributed Transactions on Blockchains. (to appear).","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-031-01877-0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Suyash Gupta and Mohammad Sadoghi. 2018. Blockchain Transaction Processing. Springer International Publishing 1--11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-63962-8_333-1  Suyash Gupta and Mohammad Sadoghi. 2018. Blockchain Transaction Processing. Springer International Publishing 1--11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-63962-8_333-1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-63962-8_333-1"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the 21st International Conference on Extending Database Technology. Open Proceedings, 157--168","year":"2018","author":"Gupta Suyash","key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas Haynes and David Noveck. 2015. RFC 7530: Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Protocol. (2015). https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7530  Thomas Haynes and David Noveck. 2015. RFC 7530: Network File System (NFS) Version 4 Protocol. (2015). https:\/\/tools.ietf.org\/html\/rfc7530","DOI":"10.17487\/rfc7530"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Brief Announcement: The Fault-Tolerant Cluster-Sending Problem. In 33rd International Symposium on Distributed Computing (DISC 2019) (Leibniz International Proceedings in Informatics (LIPIcs))","volume":"146","author":"Hellings Jelle","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3209623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Thomas N. Herzog Fritz J. Scheuren and William E. Winkler. 2007. Data Quality and Record Linkage Techniques. Springer New York. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/0-387-69505-2  Thomas N. Herzog Fritz J. Scheuren and William E. Winkler. 2007. Data Quality and Record Linkage Techniques. Springer New York. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/0-387-69505-2","DOI":"10.1007\/0-387-69505-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s12942-018-0144-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1294261.1294267"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1658357.1658358"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Leslie Lamport. 1978. The implementation of reliable distributed multiprocess systems. Computer Networks (1976) 2 2 (1978) 95--114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0376-5075(78)90045-4  Leslie Lamport. 1978. The implementation of reliable distributed multiprocess systems. Computer Networks (1976) 2 2 (1978) 95--114. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/0376-5075(78)90045-4","DOI":"10.1016\/0376-5075(78)90045-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/357172.357176"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TDSC.2006.35"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0020-0190(87)90052-4"},{"volume-title":"Bitcoin: A Peer-to-Peer Electronic Cash System.","year":"2009","author":"Nakamoto Satoshi","key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132259"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14778\/3342263.3342632"},{"volume-title":"Blockplane: A Global-Scale Byzantizing Middleware. In 35th International Conference on Data Engineering (ICDE). IEEE, 124--135","year":"2019","author":"Nawab Faisal","key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","unstructured":"Dick O'Brie. 2017. Internet Security Threat Report: Ransomware 2017 An ISTR Special Report. Technical Report. Symantec. https:\/\/www.symantec.com\/content\/dam\/symantec\/docs\/security-center\/white-papers\/istr-ransomware-2017-en.pdf  Dick O'Brie. 2017. Internet Security Threat Report: Ransomware 2017 An ISTR Special Report. Technical Report. Symantec. https:\/\/www.symantec.com\/content\/dam\/symantec\/docs\/security-center\/white-papers\/istr-ransomware-2017-en.pdf"},{"volume-title":"Investigation: WannaCry cyber attack and the NHS.","year":"2018","author":"National Audit Office.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Michael Okun. 2016. Byzantine Agreement. Springer New York 255--259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-2864-4_60  Michael Okun. 2016. Byzantine Agreement. Springer New York 255--259. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-1-4939-2864-4_60","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4939-2864-4_60"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/322186.322188"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","unstructured":"Bitcoin Project. 2018. Bitcoin Developer Guide: P2P Network. (2018). https:\/\/bitcoin.org\/en\/developer-guide#p2p-network  Bitcoin Project. 2018. Bitcoin Developer Guide: P2P Network. (2018). https:\/\/bitcoin.org\/en\/developer-guide#p2p-network"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","unstructured":"PwC. 2016. Blockchain -- an opportunity for energy producers and consumers? (2016). https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/gx\/en\/industries\/energy-utilities-resources\/publications\/opportunity-for-energy-producers.html  PwC. 2016. Blockchain -- an opportunity for energy producers and consumers? (2016). https:\/\/www.pwc.com\/gx\/en\/industries\/energy-utilities-resources\/publications\/opportunity-for-energy-producers.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/269012.269025"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","unstructured":"Symantec. 2018. Internet Security Threat Report Volume 32. (2018). https:\/\/www.symantec.com\/content\/dam\/symantec\/docs\/reports\/istr-23-2018-en pdf  Symantec. 2018. Internet Security Threat Report Volume 32. (2018). https:\/\/www.symantec.com\/content\/dam\/symantec\/docs\/reports\/istr-23-2018-en pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s002360050034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","unstructured":"Gerard Tel. 2001. Introduction to Distributed Algorithms (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press.  Gerard Tel. 2001. Introduction to Distributed Algorithms (2nd ed.). Cambridge University Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","unstructured":"Maarten van Steen and Andrew S. Tanenbaum. 2017. Distributed Systems (3 th ed.). Maarten van Steen. https:\/\/www.distributed-systems.net\/  Maarten van Steen and Andrew S. Tanenbaum. 2017. Distributed Systems (3 th ed.). Maarten van Steen. https:\/\/www.distributed-systems.net\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cosust.2017.04.011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1","unstructured":"Gavin Wood. 2016. Ethereum: a secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger. (2016). https:\/\/gavwood.com\/paper.pdf EIP-150 revision.  Gavin Wood. 2016. Ethereum: a secure decentralised generalised transaction ledger. (2016). https:\/\/gavwood.com\/paper.pdf EIP-150 revision."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3293611.3331591"}],"event":{"name":"Middleware '19: 20th International Middleware Conference","sponsor":["ACM Association for Computing Machinery","USENIX Assoc USENIX Assoc","IFIP"],"location":"Davis CA USA","acronym":"Middleware '19"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 20th International Middleware Conference Tutorials"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3366625.3369437","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3366625.3369437","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T23:13:33Z","timestamp":1750202013000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3366625.3369437"}},"subtitle":["Challenges and Opportunities"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3366625.3369437","10.1145\/3366625"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3366625.3369437","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-12-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}