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ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many consumers now rely on different forms of voice assistants, both stand-alone devices and those built into smartphones. Currently, these systems react to specific wake-words, such as \"Alexa,\" \"Siri,\" or \"Ok Google.\" However, with advancements in natural language processing, the next generation of voice assistants could instead always listen to the acoustic environment and proactively provide services and recommendations based on conversations without being explicitly invoked. We refer to such devices as \"always listening voice assistants\" and explore expectations around their potential use. In this paper, we report on a 178-participant survey investigating the potential services people anticipate from such a device and how they feel about sharing their data for these purposes. Our findings reveal that participants can anticipate a wide range of services pertaining to a conversation; however, most of the services are very similar to those that existing voice assistants currently provide with explicit commands. Participants are more likely to consent to share a conversation when they do not find it sensitive, they are comfortable with the service and find it beneficial, and when they already own a stand-alone voice assistant. Based on our findings we discuss the privacy challenges in designing an always-listening voice assistant.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3369807","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,12]],"date-time":"2019-12-12T13:16:03Z","timestamp":1576156563000},"page":"1-23","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Investigating Users' Preferences and Expectations for Always-Listening Voice Assistants"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Madiha","family":"Tabassum","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tomasz","family":"Kosi\u0144ski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Chalmers University of Technology, Gothenburg, Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alisa","family":"Frik","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley \/ ICSI, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nathan","family":"Malkin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Primal","family":"Wijesekera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley \/ ICSI, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Serge","family":"Egelman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Berkeley \/ ICSI, Berkeley, CA, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Heather Richter","family":"Lipford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Fifteenth Symposium on Usable Privacy and Security (SOUPS 2019","author":"I","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Alexa Feature Help. [n.d.]. How Does Drop In Work? https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/help\/customer\/display.html?nodeId=202153130 (last accessed on August 8 2019).  Alexa Feature Help. [n.d.]. How Does Drop In Work? https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/gp\/help\/customer\/display.html?nodeId=202153130 (last accessed on August 8 2019)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3196709.3196734"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Barry Brown Moira Mcgregor and Donald McMillan. 2015. Searchable Objects. 508--517.  Barry Brown Moira Mcgregor and Donald McMillan. 2015. Searchable Objects. 508--517.","DOI":"10.1145\/2675133.2675206"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"Alexandra Canavan and George Zipperlen. 1996. CALLFRIEND American English-Non-Southern Dialect LDC96S46. Web Download. Philadelphia: Linguistic Data Consortium. https:\/\/ca.talkbank.org\/access\/CallFriend\/eng-n.html. Accessed: 2019-03-19.  Alexandra Canavan and George Zipperlen. 1996. 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