{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,6]],"date-time":"2026-01-06T13:45:08Z","timestamp":1767707108691,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]],"date-time":"2020-08-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1596585600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J. Comput. Cult. Herit."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many historical monuments were originally vividly painted (polychromatic), and researchers have been able to reach consensus on this even for monument classes in which only indirect evidence of painting survives. However, academic caution has led to an understandable reluctance to pass this knowledge to the public through use of reconstructions showing the colour schemes of these monuments. As a result, use of polychromatic reconstruction has been very limited and has made a significant impact on public perception for the classical period, with insignificant progress for many other important monument classes. We argue that large-scale projects to create digital reconstructions are inevitable but that adoption of open workflows is vitally important to achieve the objectives of the London Charter. We demonstrate a practical workflow with two medieval stone crosses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3386314","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,7]],"date-time":"2020-07-07T12:36:59Z","timestamp":1594125419000},"page":"1-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Open Workflows for Polychromatic Reconstruction of Historical Sculptural Monuments in 3D"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"13","author":[{"given":"J.","family":"Mccarthy","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Sebo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Archaeology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"Wilkinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Science and Engineering, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia"}]},{"given":"F.","family":"Sheehan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Earth Sciences, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Roman Sculpture","author":"Abbe Mark B.","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"Mark B. Abbe . 2015. Polychromy . In The Oxford Handbook of Roman Sculpture , E. A. Friedland, M. G. Sobocinski, and Elaine K. Gazda (Eds.). Oxford University Press , Oxford, UK , 173--188. Mark B. Abbe. 2015. Polychromy. In The Oxford Handbook of Roman Sculpture, E. A. Friedland, M. G. Sobocinski, and Elaine K. Gazda (Eds.). Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 173--188."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"John Bedford. 2017. Photogrammetric Applications for Cultural Heritage: Guidance for Good Practice. Swindon. John Bedford. 2017. Photogrammetric Applications for Cultural Heritage: Guidance for Good Practice. Swindon."},{"volume-title":"Casting. A Way to Embrace the Digital Age in Analogue Fashion?: A Symposium on the Gipsformerei of the Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin","author":"Bevivino Michael Ann","key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"Michael Ann Bevivino and Robert Shaw . 2016. Embracing historical replicas through a digital medium: The Irish context . In Casting. A Way to Embrace the Digital Age in Analogue Fashion?: A Symposium on the Gipsformerei of the Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin , C. Haak and M. Helfrich (Eds.). Heidelberg , Heidelberg, Germany , 199--211. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11588\/arthistoricum.95.114 Michael Ann Bevivino and Robert Shaw. 2016. Embracing historical replicas through a digital medium: The Irish context. In Casting. A Way to Embrace the Digital Age in Analogue Fashion?: A Symposium on the Gipsformerei of the Staatlichen Museen zu Berlin, C. Haak and M. Helfrich (Eds.). Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany, 199--211. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.11588\/arthistoricum.95.114"},{"volume-title":"Painted Architecture and Polychrome Monumental Sculpture in Mesoamerica","author":"Boone Elizabeth Hill","key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Elizabeth Hill Boone . 1985. Painted Architecture and Polychrome Monumental Sculpture in Mesoamerica . Dumbarton Oaks , Washington, DC. Elizabeth Hill Boone. 1985. Painted Architecture and Polychrome Monumental Sculpture in Mesoamerica. Dumbarton Oaks, Washington, DC."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8365.2009.00666.x"},{"volume-title":"Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity. Stiftung Arch\u00e4ologie Glyptothek","author":"Brinkmann Vinzenz","key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"Vinzenz Brinkmann and Raimund W\u00fcnsche . 2007. Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity. Stiftung Arch\u00e4ologie Glyptothek , Munich, Germany . Vinzenz Brinkmann and Raimund W\u00fcnsche. 2007. Gods in Color: Painted Sculpture of Classical Antiquity. Stiftung Arch\u00e4ologie Glyptothek, Munich, Germany."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"97","article-title":"The making and evaluation of picts and pixels: Mixed exhibiting in the real and the unreal","volume":"840","author":"Cassidy Catherine Anne","year":"2018","unstructured":"Catherine Anne Cassidy , Adeola Fabola , Elizabeth Rhodes , and Alan Miller . 2018 . The making and evaluation of picts and pixels: Mixed exhibiting in the real and the unreal . Commun. Comput. Inf. Sci. 840 (2018), 97 -- 112 . DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-93596-6_7 Catherine Anne Cassidy, Adeola Fabola, Elizabeth Rhodes, and Alan Miller. 2018. The making and evaluation of picts and pixels: Mixed exhibiting in the real and the unreal. Commun. Comput. Inf. Sci. 840 (2018), 97--112. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-93596-6_7","journal-title":"Commun. Comput. Inf. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Hugh Denard (Ed.). 2006. The London Charter for the Computer-Based Visualisation of Cultural Heritage. Available at http:\/\/www.londoncharter.org. Hugh Denard (Ed.). 2006. The London Charter for the Computer-Based Visualisation of Cultural Heritage. Available at http:\/\/www.londoncharter.org."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.1986.31.Supplement-1.197"},{"volume-title":"HMS Falmouth: 3D visualization of a first world war shipwreck. In 3D Recording and Interpretation for Maritime Archaeology","author":"Firth Antony","key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Antony Firth . 2019. HMS Falmouth: 3D visualization of a first world war shipwreck. In 3D Recording and Interpretation for Maritime Archaeology , J. K. McCarthy, J. Benjamin, W. van Duivenvoorde, and T. Winton (Eds.). Springer , 1--10. Antony Firth. 2019. HMS Falmouth: 3D visualization of a first world war shipwreck. In 3D Recording and Interpretation for Maritime Archaeology, J. K. McCarthy, J. Benjamin, W. van Duivenvoorde, and T. Winton (Eds.). Springer, 1--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13527258.2019.1583272"},{"volume-title":"The Oxford Handbook of Roman Sculpture","author":"Frischer Bernard","key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Bernard Frischer . 2015. Three-dimensional scanning and modelling . In The Oxford Handbook of Roman Sculpture , E. A. Friedland, M. G. Sobocinski, and E. K. Gazda (Eds.). Oxford University Press , Oxford, UK , 74--89. Bernard Frischer. 2015. Three-dimensional scanning and modelling. In The Oxford Handbook of Roman Sculpture, E. A. Friedland, M. G. Sobocinski, and E. K. Gazda (Eds.). Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK, 74--89."},{"volume-title":"Digital Heritage: Applying Digital Imaging to Cultural Heritage","author":"Geary Angela","key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Angela Geary . 2005. 3D virtual restoration of polychrome sculpture: Techniques and applications . In Digital Heritage: Applying Digital Imaging to Cultural Heritage . Elsevier , Amsterdam, Netherlands , 489--520. Angela Geary. 2005. 3D virtual restoration of polychrome sculpture: Techniques and applications. In Digital Heritage: Applying Digital Imaging to Cultural Heritage. Elsevier, Amsterdam, Netherlands, 489--520."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/19455220903059875"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Authenticity and Cultural Heritage in the Age of 3D Digital Reproductions","author":"Giuseppantonio Di Franco Paola Di","year":"1810","unstructured":"Paola Di Giuseppantonio Di Franco , Fabrizio Galeazzi , and Valentina Vassallo . 2018. Authenticity and Cultural Heritage in the Age of 3D Digital Reproductions . McDonald Institute , Cambridge, UK . https:\/\/www.repository.cam.ac.uk\/handle\/ 1810 \/279665. Paola Di Giuseppantonio Di Franco, Fabrizio Galeazzi, and Valentina Vassallo. 2018. Authenticity and Cultural Heritage in the Age of 3D Digital Reproductions. McDonald Institute, Cambridge, UK. https:\/\/www.repository.cam.ac.uk\/handle\/1810\/279665."},{"volume-title":"The High Crosses of Ireland: An Iconographical and Photographic Survey. R","author":"Harbison Peter","key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Peter Harbison . 1992. The High Crosses of Ireland: An Iconographical and Photographic Survey. R . Habelt , Bonn, Germany . Peter Harbison. 1992. The High Crosses of Ireland: An Iconographical and Photographic Survey. R. Habelt, Bonn, Germany."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Francoise Henry. 1964. Irish High Crosses. Cultural Relations Committee of Ireland Dublin Ireland. Francoise Henry. 1964. Irish High Crosses. Cultural Relations Committee of Ireland Dublin Ireland."},{"volume-title":"Psalms in stone: Royalty and spirituality on Irish high crosses","author":"Herbert Catherine Nees","key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Catherine Nees Herbert . 1997. Psalms in stone: Royalty and spirituality on Irish high crosses . University of Delaware . Catherine Nees Herbert. 1997. Psalms in stone: Royalty and spirituality on Irish high crosses. University of Delaware."},{"volume-title":"The context and date of the high crosses at D\u00edsert Diarmada (Castledermot)","author":"Herity Michael","key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Michael Herity . 1987. The context and date of the high crosses at D\u00edsert Diarmada (Castledermot) , Co. Kildare. In Figures from the Past. Studies in Figurative Art in Christian Ireland. In Honour of Helen M. Roe, E. Rynne (Ed.). Glendale Press , Dun Laoghaire, 111--130. Michael Herity. 1987. The context and date of the high crosses at D\u00edsert Diarmada (Castledermot), Co. Kildare. In Figures from the Past. Studies in Figurative Art in Christian Ireland. In Honour of Helen M. Roe, E. Rynne (Ed.). Glendale Press, Dun Laoghaire, 111--130."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","series-title":"BAR British Series 152","volume-title":"Early Medieval Sculpture in Britain and Ireland","author":"Higgitt John","unstructured":"John Higgitt . 1986. Words and crosses: The inscribed stone cross in early medieval Britain and Ireland . In Early Medieval Sculpture in Britain and Ireland . BAR British Series 152 , London, UK , 125--152. John Higgitt. 1986. Words and crosses: The inscribed stone cross in early medieval Britain and Ireland. In Early Medieval Sculpture in Britain and Ireland. BAR British Series 152, London, UK, 125--152."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"263","article-title":"De l'architecture polychrome chez les grecs, ou restitution compl\u00e8te du temple d'emp\u00e9docle dans l'acropolis de s\u00e9linonte","volume":"2","author":"Hittorff Jakob Ignaz","year":"1830","unstructured":"Jakob Ignaz Hittorff . 1830 . De l'architecture polychrome chez les grecs, ou restitution compl\u00e8te du temple d'emp\u00e9docle dans l'acropolis de s\u00e9linonte . Ann. l'Institut Corresp. Arch\u00e9ologique 2 (1830), 263 -- 284 . Jakob Ignaz Hittorff. 1830. De l'architecture polychrome chez les grecs, ou restitution compl\u00e8te du temple d'emp\u00e9docle dans l'acropolis de s\u00e9linonte. Ann. l'Institut Corresp. Arch\u00e9ologique 2 (1830), 263--284.","journal-title":"Ann. l'Institut Corresp. Arch\u00e9ologique"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Felix Horn. 2006. Virtual Colour Reconstruction Performed on the 3D Model of a Selected Figure from the Terracotta Army. Final Report. Testing and Optimising Conservation Technologies for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage of the Shaanxi Province PR China. Felix Horn. 2006. Virtual Colour Reconstruction Performed on the 3D Model of a Selected Figure from the Terracotta Army. Final Report. Testing and Optimising Conservation Technologies for the Preservation of Cultural Heritage of the Shaanxi Province PR China."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Marinos Ioannides Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and George Papagiannakis (Eds.). 2017. Mixed Reality and Gamification for Cultural Heritage. Springer International Publishing Cham Switzerland. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8 Marinos Ioannides Nadia Magnenat-Thalmann and George Papagiannakis (Eds.). 2017. Mixed Reality and Gamification for Cultural Heritage. Springer International Publishing Cham Switzerland. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-49607-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","first-page":"105","article-title":"The heart of the matter: Models for Irish high crosses","volume":"121","author":"Kelly Dorothy","year":"1991","unstructured":"Dorothy Kelly . 1991 . The heart of the matter: Models for Irish high crosses . J. R. Soc. Antiq. Irel. 121 (1991), 105 -- 145 . DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/25509006 Dorothy Kelly. 1991. The heart of the matter: Models for Irish high crosses. J. R. Soc. Antiq. Irel. 121 (1991), 105--145. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.2307\/25509006","journal-title":"J. R. Soc. Antiq. Irel."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Colour and context: Reconstructing the polychromy of the stucco saints in the Tempietto Longobardo at Cividale. Arte Mediev. VII","author":"Kiilerich Bente","year":"2008","unstructured":"Bente Kiilerich . 2008. Colour and context: Reconstructing the polychromy of the stucco saints in the Tempietto Longobardo at Cividale. Arte Mediev. VII ( 2008 ), 9--24. Bente Kiilerich. 2008. Colour and context: Reconstructing the polychromy of the stucco saints in the Tempietto Longobardo at Cividale. Arte Mediev. VII (2008), 9--24."},{"volume-title":"The Sign of the Cross: Irish High Crosses as Cultural Emblems","author":"Enchroe Williams Margaret Mc","key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","unstructured":"Margaret Mc Enchroe Williams . 2000. The Sign of the Cross: Irish High Crosses as Cultural Emblems . Colombia University . Margaret Mc Enchroe Williams. 2000. The Sign of the Cross: Irish High Crosses as Cultural Emblems. Colombia University."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2014.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11457-014-9127-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","article-title":"Scotland's carved Pictish stones re-imagined in colour","author":"McKenzie Steven","year":"2017","unstructured":"Steven McKenzie . 2017 . Scotland's carved Pictish stones re-imagined in colour . BBC News. Retrieved June 25, 2020 from https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-40286318. Steven McKenzie. 2017. Scotland's carved Pictish stones re-imagined in colour. BBC News. Retrieved June 25, 2020 from https:\/\/www.bbc.com\/news\/uk-scotland-highlands-islands-40286318.","journal-title":"BBC News. Retrieved"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DigitalHeritage.2013.6743799"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3366\/ijhac.2011.0010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"145","DOI":"10.1179\/sic.2002.47.3.145","article-title":"The conservation of marble sculptures in the British Museum before 1975","volume":"47","author":"Oddy Andrew","year":"2002","unstructured":"Andrew Oddy . 2002 . The conservation of marble sculptures in the British Museum before 1975 . Stud. Conserv. 47 , 2 (2002), 145 -- 154 . Andrew Oddy. 2002. The conservation of marble sculptures in the British Museum before 1975. Stud. Conserv. 47, 2 (2002), 145--154.","journal-title":"Stud. Conserv."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.37718\/CSA.2017.15"},{"volume-title":"The Crosses and Culture of Ireland","author":"Porter Arthur Kingsley","key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Arthur Kingsley Porter . 1931. The Crosses and Culture of Ireland . Yale University Press, New Haven , CT. Arthur Kingsley Porter. 1931. The Crosses and Culture of Ireland. Yale University Press, New Haven, CT."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"Woruldhord. Retrieved","author":"Prag John","year":"2019","unstructured":"John Prag . 2010. Notes on colouring the Ruthwell and Bewcastle crosses , Woruldhord. Retrieved January 4, 2019 from http:\/\/poppy.nsms.ox.ac.uk\/woruldhord\/items\/show\/369. John Prag. 2010. Notes on colouring the Ruthwell and Bewcastle crosses, Woruldhord. Retrieved January 4, 2019 from http:\/\/poppy.nsms.ox.ac.uk\/woruldhord\/items\/show\/369."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0735275116648178"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2739049"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jas.2014.08.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","first-page":"281","article-title":"Celtic crosses at Castledermot","volume":"1","author":"Stokes Margaret","year":"1894","unstructured":"Margaret Stokes . 1894 . Celtic crosses at Castledermot . J. Cty. Kildare Archaeol. Soc. 1 (1894), 281 -- 285 . Margaret Stokes. 1894. Celtic crosses at Castledermot. J. Cty. Kildare Archaeol. Soc. 1 (1894), 281--285.","journal-title":"J. Cty. Kildare Archaeol. Soc."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","author":"Tomlinson Sally","year":"2007","unstructured":"Sally Tomlinson . 2007 . Demons, druids and brigands on Irish high crosses: Rethinking the images identified as the Temptation of Saint Anthony . Retrieved June 25, 2020 from https:\/\/cdr.lib.unc.edu\/indexablecontent\/uuid:81b4bc6f-6b77-4992-b9b8-cc46fedf0ab2. Sally Tomlinson. 2007. Demons, druids and brigands on Irish high crosses: Rethinking the images identified as the Temptation of Saint Anthony. Retrieved June 25, 2020 from https:\/\/cdr.lib.unc.edu\/indexablecontent\/uuid:81b4bc6f-6b77-4992-b9b8-cc46fedf0ab2."}],"container-title":["Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3386314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3386314","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:32:03Z","timestamp":1750195923000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3386314"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,5]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3386314"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3386314","relation":{},"ISSN":["1556-4673","1556-4711"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1556-4673"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1556-4711"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,5]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-05-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}