{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,30]],"date-time":"2026-07-30T14:24:00Z","timestamp":1785421440804,"version":"3.56.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":33,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]],"date-time":"2020-03-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1585612800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3386723.3387847","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,25]],"date-time":"2020-05-25T18:06:11Z","timestamp":1590429971000},"page":"1-7","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":36,"title":["A Review on Cybersecurity"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Abdulla","family":"Hussain","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Azlinah","family":"Mohamed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Advanced Analytics Engineering Centre, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Suriyati","family":"Razali","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Center of Information Systems Studies, Universiti Teknologi MARA (UiTM), Shah Alam, Malaysia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Critical infrastructure cybersecurity: A review of recent threats and violations","author":"Abouzakhar N.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abouzakhar , N. ( 2013 ). Critical infrastructure cybersecurity: A review of recent threats and violations . Abouzakhar, N. (2013). Critical infrastructure cybersecurity: A review of recent threats and violations."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"How to Implement NIST Cybersecurity Framework using ISO 27001","author":"Advisera","year":"2017","unstructured":"Advisera ( 2017 ). How to Implement NIST Cybersecurity Framework using ISO 27001 . Advisera Expert Solutions Ltd . Advisera (2017). How to Implement NIST Cybersecurity Framework using ISO 27001. Advisera Expert Solutions Ltd."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"A Framework for a Corporation Cyber War Strategy","author":"Al-Ahmad W.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Al-Ahmad , W. ( 2013 ). A Framework for a Corporation Cyber War Strategy . Al-Ahmad, W. (2013). A Framework for a Corporation Cyber War Strategy."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 1--10)","author":"Assante M. J.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Assante , M. J. ( 2009 , January). Infrastructure protection in the ancient world . In 2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 1--10) . IEEE. Assante, M. J. (2009, January). Infrastructure protection in the ancient world. In 2009 42nd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences (pp. 1--10). IEEE."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Cyber security awareness campaigns: Why do they fail to change behaviour?. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.02672","author":"Bada M.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Bada , M. , Sasse , A. M. , & Nurse , J. R. ( 2019 ). Cyber security awareness campaigns: Why do they fail to change behaviour?. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.02672 . Bada, M., Sasse, A. M., & Nurse, J. R. (2019). Cyber security awareness campaigns: Why do they fail to change behaviour?. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.02672."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity","author":"Barrett M. P.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Barrett , M. P. ( 2018 ). Framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity . National Institute of Standards and Technology , Gaithersburg, MD, USA , Tech. Rep. Barrett, M. P. (2018). Framework for improving critical infrastructure cybersecurity. National Institute of Standards and Technology, Gaithersburg, MD, USA, Tech. Rep."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Asia Pacific Cybersecurity Dashboard: A Path to Secure Global Space. BSA: The Software Alliance","author":"BSA","year":"2014","unstructured":"BSA ( 2014 ). Asia Pacific Cybersecurity Dashboard: A Path to Secure Global Space. BSA: The Software Alliance BSA (2014). Asia Pacific Cybersecurity Dashboard: A Path to Secure Global Space. BSA: The Software Alliance"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"The Cybersecurity Framework in Action","author":"Casey T.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Casey T. , Fiftal K. , Landfield K. , Miller J. , Morgan D. & Willis B. ( 2015 ). The Cybersecurity Framework in Action . Intel Corporation Casey T., Fiftal K., Landfield K., Miller J., Morgan D. & Willis B. (2015). The Cybersecurity Framework in Action. Intel Corporation"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Common Cyber Attacks: Reducing The Impact. CESG (The Information Security Arm of GCHQ) with CERT-UK","author":"CESG","year":"2015","unstructured":"CESG ( 2015 ). Common Cyber Attacks: Reducing The Impact. CESG (The Information Security Arm of GCHQ) with CERT-UK . CESG (2015). Common Cyber Attacks: Reducing The Impact. CESG (The Information Security Arm of GCHQ) with CERT-UK."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Contemporary security studies -- Cybersecurity","author":"Collins A.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Collins , A. (Ed.). ( 2016 ). Contemporary security studies -- Cybersecurity . Oxford university press . Collins, A. (Ed.). (2016). Contemporary security studies -- Cybersecurity. Oxford university press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Defining Cybersecurity. Technology Innovation Management Review","author":"Diakun-Thibault","year":"2014","unstructured":"Diakun-Thibault , Nadia. ( 2014 ). Defining Cybersecurity. Technology Innovation Management Review . 2014. Diakun-Thibault, Nadia. (2014). Defining Cybersecurity. Technology Innovation Management Review. 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Why Companies Are Forming Cybersecurity Allainces. Harvard Business Review","author":"Dobrygowski D.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Dobrygowski D. ( 2019 ). Why Companies Are Forming Cybersecurity Allainces. Harvard Business Review , Harvard Business School Publishing Dobrygowski D. (2019). Why Companies Are Forming Cybersecurity Allainces. Harvard Business Review, Harvard Business School Publishing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Insider threat: Prevention, detection, mitigation, and deterrence. Butterworth-Heinemann","author":"Gelles M. G.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Gelles , M. G. ( 2016 ). Insider threat: Prevention, detection, mitigation, and deterrence. Butterworth-Heinemann . Gelles, M. G. (2016). Insider threat: Prevention, detection, mitigation, and deterrence. Butterworth-Heinemann."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Importance of cyber security.\" International Journal of Computer Applications 111.7","author":"Goutam K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Goutam , Rajesh K. ( 2015 ) \" Importance of cyber security.\" International Journal of Computer Applications 111.7 (2015). Goutam, Rajesh K. (2015) \"Importance of cyber security.\" International Journal of Computer Applications 111.7 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","first-page":"515","article-title":"Cybersecurity for Infrastructure: A Critical Analysis","volume":"44","author":"Haber E.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Haber , E. , & Zarsky , T. ( 2016 ). Cybersecurity for Infrastructure: A Critical Analysis . Fla. St. UL Rev. , 44 , 515 . Haber, E., & Zarsky, T. (2016). Cybersecurity for Infrastructure: A Critical Analysis. Fla. St. UL Rev., 44, 515.","journal-title":"Fla. St. UL Rev."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"19","article-title":"The insecurity of innovation: A critical analysis of cybersecurity in the United States","volume":"8","author":"Hart C.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Hart , C. , & Feenberg , A. ( 2014 ). The insecurity of innovation: A critical analysis of cybersecurity in the United States . International Journal of Communication , 8 , 19 . Hart, C., & Feenberg, A. (2014). The insecurity of innovation: A critical analysis of cybersecurity in the United States. International Journal of Communication, 8, 19.","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"State Cybersecurity Governance Case Studies: Cross Site Report. US Department of Homeland Security","author":"Homeland Security","year":"2017","unstructured":"Homeland Security ( 2017 ). State Cybersecurity Governance Case Studies: Cross Site Report. US Department of Homeland Security Homeland Security (2017). State Cybersecurity Governance Case Studies: Cross Site Report. US Department of Homeland Security"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3288339.3288372"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI)","author":"ITU","year":"2018","unstructured":"ITU ( 2018 ). Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) 2018. International Telecommunication Union . ITU Publications ITU (2018). Global Cybersecurity Index (GCI) 2018. International Telecommunication Union. ITU Publications"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcss.2014.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Why We Cannot (Yet) Ensure the Cybersecurity of Safety-Critical Systems","author":"Johnson C. W.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Johnson , C. W. ( 2016 ). Why We Cannot (Yet) Ensure the Cybersecurity of Safety-Critical Systems . Johnson, C. W. (2016). Why We Cannot (Yet) Ensure the Cybersecurity of Safety-Critical Systems."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Economic Impact of Cybercrime: No Slowing Down","author":"McAfee","year":"2018","unstructured":"McAfee ( 2018 ). Economic Impact of Cybercrime: No Slowing Down . McAfee (2018). Economic Impact of Cybercrime: No Slowing Down."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Harvard Business Review","author":"Madnick S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Madnick S. , Johnson S. & Huang K. ( 2019 ). What Countries and Companies Can Do When Trade and Cybersecurity Overlap , Harvard Business Review , Harvard Business School Publishing Madnick S., Johnson S. & Huang K. (2019). What Countries and Companies Can Do When Trade and Cybersecurity Overlap, Harvard Business Review, Harvard Business School Publishing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SPW.2018.00036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity","author":"NIST.","year":"2018","unstructured":"NIST. ( 2018 ). Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity . National Institute of Standards and Technology NIST. (2018). Framework for Improving Critical Infrastructure Cybersecurity. National Institute of Standards and Technology"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Critical Infrastructure Protection Report Latin America and the Caribbean","author":"OAS","year":"2018","unstructured":"OAS ( 2018 ). Critical Infrastructure Protection Report Latin America and the Caribbean 2018. Organization of American States OAS (2018). Critical Infrastructure Protection Report Latin America and the Caribbean 2018. Organization of American States"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","series-title":"Issue 5","volume-title":"NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF): A comprehensive approach to cybersecurity","author":"OAS","year":"2019","unstructured":"OAS ( 2019 ). NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF): A comprehensive approach to cybersecurity ( Issue 5 ) . Organization of American States OAS (2019). NIST Cybersecurity Framework (CSF): A comprehensive approach to cybersecurity (Issue 5). Organization of American States"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Cybersecurity Literature Review and Efforts Report. Prepared for NCHRP Project, 03-127","author":"Ramon M. C.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Ramon , M. C. , & Zajac , D. A. ( 2018 ). Cybersecurity Literature Review and Efforts Report. Prepared for NCHRP Project, 03-127 . Ramon, M. C., & Zajac, D. A. (2018). Cybersecurity Literature Review and Efforts Report. Prepared for NCHRP Project, 03-127."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2015 Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Conference.","author":"Rao V. M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Rao , V. M. , & Francis , R. A. ( 2015 ). Critical review of cybersecurity protection procedures and practice in water distribution systems . In Proceedings of the 2015 Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Conference. Rao, V. M., & Francis, R. A. (2015). Critical review of cybersecurity protection procedures and practice in water distribution systems. In Proceedings of the 2015 Industrial and Systems Engineering Research Conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"A Framework for Cybersecurity Strategy for Developing Countries: Case Study of Afghanistan. Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 4(1)","author":"Salamzada K.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Salamzada , K. , Shukur , Z. , & Bakar , M. A. ( 2015 ). A Framework for Cybersecurity Strategy for Developing Countries: Case Study of Afghanistan. Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 4(1) . Salamzada, K., Shukur, Z., & Bakar, M. A. (2015). A Framework for Cybersecurity Strategy for Developing Countries: Case Study of Afghanistan. Asia-Pacific Journal of Information Technology and Multimedia, 4(1)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Cybersecurity in the Modern Industrial World. Harvard Business Review","author":"Siemens","year":"2018","unstructured":"Siemens ( 2018 ). Cybersecurity in the Modern Industrial World. Harvard Business Review , Harvard Business School Publishing Siemens (2018). Cybersecurity in the Modern Industrial World. Harvard Business Review, Harvard Business School Publishing"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.9790\/0661-1226775"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Product Report","author":"World Bank","year":"2018","unstructured":"World Bank ( 2018 ). Gross Domestic Product Report 2018, http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/GDP.pdf World Bank (2018). Gross Domestic Product Report 2018, http:\/\/databank.worldbank.org\/data\/download\/GDP.pdf"}],"event":{"name":"NISS2020: The 3rd International Conference on Networking, Information Systems & Security","location":"Marrakech Morocco","acronym":"NISS2020"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 3rd International Conference on Networking, Information Systems & Security"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3386723.3387847","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3386723.3387847","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:38:19Z","timestamp":1750199899000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3386723.3387847"}},"subtitle":["Challenges & Emerging Threats"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"references-count":33,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3386723.3387847","10.1145\/3386723"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3386723.3387847","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,31]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}