{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,25]],"date-time":"2026-06-25T15:31:34Z","timestamp":1782401494268,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":78,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]],"date-time":"2020-06-16T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592265600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"ARC Discovery Project scheme","award":["DP170101932"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DP170101932"]}]},{"name":"Laureate Fellowship","award":["FL190100035"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FL190100035"]}]},{"name":"Australian Research Council?s Discovery Early Career Researcher Award (DECRA) funding scheme","award":["DE200100021"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DE200100021"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Softw. Eng. Methodol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>UI design is an integral part of software development. For many developers who do not have much UI design experience, exposing them to a large database of real-application UI designs can help them quickly build up a realistic understanding of the design space for a software feature and get design inspirations from existing applications. However, existing keyword-based, image-similarity-based, and component-matching-based methods cannot reliably find relevant high-fidelity UI designs in a large database alike to the UI wireframe that the developers sketch, in face of the great variations in UI designs. In this article, we propose a deep-learning-based UI design search engine to fill in the gap. The key innovation of our search engine is to train a wireframe image autoencoder using a large database of real-application UI designs, without the need for labeling relevant UI designs. We implement our approach for Android UI design search, and conduct extensive experiments with artificially created relevant UI designs and human evaluation of UI design search results. Our experiments confirm the superior performance of our search engine over existing image-similarity or component-matching-based methods and demonstrate the usefulness of our search engine in real-world UI design tasks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3391613","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,17]],"date-time":"2020-06-17T05:47:37Z","timestamp":1592372857000},"page":"1-31","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":67,"title":["Wireframe-based UI Design Search through Image Autoencoder"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"29","author":[{"given":"Jieshan","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunyang","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhenchang","family":"Xing","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, Canberra, ACT, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xin","family":"Xia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liming","family":"Zhu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Data61, CSIRO"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"John","family":"Grundy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jinshui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fujian University of Technology, Fuzhou, Fujian, China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2015","unstructured":"2015. Appcelerator\/IDC 2015 Mobile Trends Report: Data Access Is the New Mobile Problem . Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/www.appcelerator.com\/resource-center\/research\/2015-mobile-trends-report\/. 2015. Appcelerator\/IDC 2015 Mobile Trends Report: Data Access Is the New Mobile Problem. Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/www.appcelerator.com\/resource-center\/research\/2015-mobile-trends-report\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2018","unstructured":"2017. Essential Free UI Kits for Mobile App Designers . Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/1stwebdesigner.com\/ui-kits-for-mobile\/. 2017. Essential Free UI Kits for Mobile App Designers. Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/1stwebdesigner.com\/ui-kits-for-mobile\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2018. 30+ Great UI Kits for iOS Engineers. Retrieved April 25 2018 from https:\/\/medium.com\/flawless-app-stories\/30-great-ui-kits-for-ios-engineers-41b2732896b9.  2018. 30+ Great UI Kits for iOS Engineers. Retrieved April 25 2018 from https:\/\/medium.com\/flawless-app-stories\/30-great-ui-kits-for-ios-engineers-41b2732896b9."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2018. Designing the UI of Google Translate. Retrieved from https:\/\/medium.com\/google-design\/a-fish-in-your-ear-134deed70268.  2018. Designing the UI of Google Translate. Retrieved from https:\/\/medium.com\/google-design\/a-fish-in-your-ear-134deed70268."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"2018. Develop for Android\u2014Material Design. Retrieved from https:\/\/material.io\/develop\/android\/.  2018. Develop for Android\u2014Material Design. Retrieved from https:\/\/material.io\/develop\/android\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"2018. Dribbble\u2014Discover the World\u2019s Top Designers 8 Creative Professionals. Retrieved from https:\/\/dribbble.com\/.  2018. Dribbble\u2014Discover the World\u2019s Top Designers 8 Creative Professionals. Retrieved from https:\/\/dribbble.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"2018. A Fish in Your Ear. Retrieved from https:\/\/medium.com\/google-design\/a-fish-in-your-ear-134deed70268.  2018. A Fish in Your Ear. Retrieved from https:\/\/medium.com\/google-design\/a-fish-in-your-ear-134deed70268."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2018","unstructured":"2018. Five Free UI Kits for Adobe XD Created by Top UX Designers . Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/theblog.adobe.com\/five-top-ux-designers-five-ui-kits-adobe-xd-now-available-free\/. 2018. Five Free UI Kits for Adobe XD Created by Top UX Designers. Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/theblog.adobe.com\/five-top-ux-designers-five-ui-kits-adobe-xd-now-available-free\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2018","unstructured":"2018. Free Mobile UI Kits . Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/psddd.co\/category\/mobile-ui-kits\/. 2018. Free Mobile UI Kits. Retrieved April 25, 2018 from https:\/\/psddd.co\/category\/mobile-ui-kits\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"2018. Human Interface Guidelines--Design--Apple Developer. Retrieved from https:\/\/developer.apple.com\/design\/human-interface-guidelines\/.  2018. Human Interface Guidelines--Design--Apple Developer. Retrieved from https:\/\/developer.apple.com\/design\/human-interface-guidelines\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"2018. UI Movement - The best UI design inspiration every day. Retrieved from https:\/\/uimovement.com\/.  2018. UI Movement - The best UI design inspiration every day. Retrieved from https:\/\/uimovement.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"2018. Why Is Good UI Design So Hard for Some Developers? Retrieved from https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/514083\/why-is-good-ui-design-so-hard-for-some-developers.  2018. Why Is Good UI Design So Hard for Some Developers? Retrieved from https:\/\/stackoverflow.com\/questions\/514083\/why-is-good-ui-design-so-hard-for-some-developers."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"2019. Android Documentation\u2014User Interface 8 Navigation. Retrieved from https:\/\/developer.android.com\/guide\/topics\/ui.  2019. Android Documentation\u2014User Interface 8 Navigation. Retrieved from https:\/\/developer.android.com\/guide\/topics\/ui."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"2020. Adobe Xd. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/uk\/products\/xd.html?red&equals;av.  2020. Adobe Xd. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.adobe.com\/uk\/products\/xd.html?red&equals;av."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"2020. Balsamiq Mockups. Retrieved from https:\/\/balsamiq.com\/products\/.  2020. Balsamiq Mockups. Retrieved from https:\/\/balsamiq.com\/products\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"2020. Fluid UI. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.fluidui.com\/.  2020. Fluid UI. Retrieved from https:\/\/www.fluidui.com\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2003.819861"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2015.43"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197231.3197244"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3220134.3220135"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Statistical Decision Theory and Bayesian Analysis","author":"Berger James O.","unstructured":"James O. Berger . 2013. Statistical Decision Theory and Bayesian Analysis . Springer Science 8 Business Media. James O. Berger. 2013. Statistical Decision Theory and Bayesian Analysis. Springer Science 8 Business Media."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE-Companion.2019.00041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-7908-2604-3_16"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11263-006-0002-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--22","author":"Chen Chunyang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Chunyang Chen , Xi Chen , Jiamou Sun , Zhenchang Xing , and Guoqiang Li . 2018 . Data-driven proactive policy assurance of post quality in community q8a sites . In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--22 . Chunyang Chen, Xi Chen, Jiamou Sun, Zhenchang Xing, and Guoqiang Li. 2018. Data-driven proactive policy assurance of post quality in community q8a sites. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--22."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--22","author":"Chen Chunyang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chunyang Chen , Sidong Feng , Zhenchang Xing , Linda Liu , Shengdong Zhao , and Jinshui Wang . 2019 . Gallery DC: Design search and knowledge discovery through auto-created GUI component gallery . In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--22 . Chunyang Chen, Sidong Feng, Zhenchang Xing, Linda Liu, Shengdong Zhao, and Jinshui Wang. 2019. Gallery DC: Design search and knowledge discovery through auto-created GUI component gallery. In Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction. 1--22."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180240"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2019.2896123"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2970276.2970317"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380327"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2019.00070"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"GUI-squatting attack: Automated generation of Android phishing apps","author":"Chen Sen","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sen Chen , Lingling Fan , Chunyang Chen , Minhui Xue , Yang Liu , and Lihua Xu. 2019. GUI-squatting attack: Automated generation of Android phishing apps . IEEE Trans. Depend. Sec. Comput . ( 2019 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TDSC.2019.2956035 10.1109\/TDSC.2019.2956035 Sen Chen, Lingling Fan, Chunyang Chen, Minhui Xue, Yang Liu, and Lihua Xu. 2019. GUI-squatting attack: Automated generation of Android phishing apps. IEEE Trans. Depend. Sec. Comput. (2019). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/TDSC.2019.2956035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/001316446002000104"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 113--123","author":"Cubuk Ekin D.","unstructured":"Ekin D. Cubuk , Barret Zoph , Dandelion Mane , Vijay Vasudevan , and Quoc V. Le . 2019. Autoaugment: Learning augmentation strategies from data . In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 113--123 . Ekin D. Cubuk, Barret Zoph, Dandelion Mane, Vijay Vasudevan, and Quoc V. Le. 2019. Autoaugment: Learning augmentation strategies from data. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. 113--123."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3126594.3126651"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Tutorial on variational autoencoders. arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.05908","author":"Doersch Carl","year":"2016","unstructured":"Carl Doersch . 2016. Tutorial on variational autoencoders. arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.05908 ( 2016 ). Carl Doersch. 2016. Tutorial on variational autoencoders. arXiv preprint arXiv:1606.05908 (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"A computational method for evaluating UI patterns. arXiv preprint arXiv:1807.04191","author":"Doosti Bardia","year":"2018","unstructured":"Bardia Doosti , Tao Dong , Biplab Deka , and Jeffrey Nichols . 2018. A computational method for evaluating UI patterns. arXiv preprint arXiv:1807.04191 ( 2018 ). Bardia Doosti, Tao Dong, Biplab Deka, and Jeffrey Nichols. 2018. A computational method for evaluating UI patterns. arXiv preprint arXiv:1807.04191 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/h0031619"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCV.2015.169"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/34.391417"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIP.2002.801585"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Matters of design","volume":"54","author":"Hong Jason","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jason Hong . 2011 . Matters of design . ACM 54 , 2 (Feb. 2011), 10--11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1897816.1897820 10.1145\/1897816.1897820 Jason Hong. 2011. Matters of design. ACM 54, 2 (Feb. 2011), 10--11. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1897816.1897820","journal-title":"ACM"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"Thought Leadership White Paper. IBM Software. 2012. Native web or hybrid mobile-app development. Retrieved from http:\/\/cdn.computerworld.com.au\/whitepaper\/371126\/native-web-or-hybrid-mobile-app-development\/download\/?type&equals;other8arg&equals;08location&equals;featured_list.  Thought Leadership White Paper. IBM Software. 2012. Native web or hybrid mobile-app development. Retrieved from http:\/\/cdn.computerworld.com.au\/whitepaper\/371126\/native-web-or-hybrid-mobile-app-development\/download\/?type&equals;other8arg&equals;08location&equals;featured_list."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.03167","author":"Ioffe Sergey","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sergey Ioffe and Christian Szegedy . 2015. Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.03167 ( 2015 ). Sergey Ioffe and Christian Szegedy. 2015. Batch normalization: Accelerating deep network training by reducing internal covariate shift. arXiv preprint arXiv:1502.03167 (2015)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0031-3203(95)00160-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/279044.279051"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. ACM, 352--358","author":"Karp Richard M.","unstructured":"Richard M. Karp , Umesh V. Vazirani , and Vijay V. Vazirani . 1990. An optimal algorithm for on-line bipartite matching . In Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. ACM, 352--358 . Richard M. Karp, Umesh V. Vazirani, and Vijay V. Vazirani. 1990. An optimal algorithm for on-line bipartite matching. In Proceedings of the 22nd Annual ACM Symposium on Theory of Computing. ACM, 352--358."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Conference","volume":"4","author":"Ke Yan","year":"2004","unstructured":"Yan Ke , Rahul Sukthankar , Larry Huston , Yan Ke , and Rahul Sukthankar . 2004 . Efficient near-duplicate detection and sub-image retrieval . In Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Conference , Vol. 4 . Citeseer, 5. Yan Ke, Rahul Sukthankar, Larry Huston, Yan Ke, and Rahul Sukthankar. 2004. Efficient near-duplicate detection and sub-image retrieval. In Proceedings of the ACM Multimedia Conference, Vol. 4. Citeseer, 5."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TASSP.1981.1163711"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Hinton","author":"Krizhevsky Alex","year":"2012","unstructured":"Alex Krizhevsky , Ilya Sutskever , and Geoffrey E . Hinton . 2012 . Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems . 1097--1105. Alex Krizhevsky, Ilya Sutskever, and Geoffrey E. Hinton. 2012. Imagenet classification with deep convolutional neural networks. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems. 1097--1105."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 3083--3092","author":"Kumar Ranjitha","unstructured":"Ranjitha Kumar , Arvind Satyanarayan , Cesar Torres , Maxine Lim , Salman Ahmad , Scott R. Klemmer , and Jerry O. Talton . 2013. Webzeitgeist: Design mining the web . In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 3083--3092 . Ranjitha Kumar, Arvind Satyanarayan, Cesar Torres, Maxine Lim, Salman Ahmad, Scott R. Klemmer, and Jerry O. Talton. 2013. Webzeitgeist: Design mining the web. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. ACM, 3083--3092."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","volume-title":"Deep learning. Nature 521, 7553","author":"LeCun Yann","year":"2015","unstructured":"Yann LeCun , Yoshua Bengio , and Geoffrey Hinton . 2015. Deep learning. Nature 521, 7553 ( 2015 ), 436--444. Yann LeCun, Yoshua Bengio, and Geoffrey Hinton. 2015. Deep learning. Nature 521, 7553 (2015), 436--444."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-018-0621-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/850924.851523"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1985793.1985809"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858552"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSE.2018.2844788"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3180155.3180246"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3238147.3238203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2014.317"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2015.32"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/32.295894"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1985793.1985939"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","volume-title":"The effectiveness of data augmentation in image classification using deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.04621","author":"Perez Luis","year":"2017","unstructured":"Luis Perez and Jason Wang . 2017. The effectiveness of data augmentation in image classification using deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.04621 ( 2017 ). Luis Perez and Jason Wang. 2017. The effectiveness of data augmentation in image classification using deep learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1712.04621 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. 1071--1079","author":"Prabhu Nikita","unstructured":"Nikita Prabhu and R. Venkatesh Babu . 2015. Attribute-graph: A graph based approach to image ranking . In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. 1071--1079 . Nikita Prabhu and R. Venkatesh Babu. 2015. Attribute-graph: A graph based approach to image ranking. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision. 1071--1079."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10515-017-0216-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. ACM, 165--174","author":"Ritchie Daniel","unstructured":"Daniel Ritchie , Ankita Arvind Kejriwal , and Scott R. Klemmer . 2011. d. tour: Style-based exploration of design example galleries . In Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. ACM, 165--174 . Daniel Ritchie, Ankita Arvind Kejriwal, and Scott R. Klemmer. 2011. d. tour: Style-based exploration of design example galleries. In Proceedings of the 24th Annual ACM Symposium on User Interface Software and Technology. ACM, 165--174."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WCRE.2013.6671293"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_69_1","volume-title":"Stacked denoising autoencoders: Learning useful representations in a deep network with a local denoising criterion. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 11 (Dec","author":"Vincent Pascal","year":"2010","unstructured":"Pascal Vincent , Hugo Larochelle , Isabelle Lajoie , Yoshua Bengio , and Pierre-Antoine Manzagol . 2010. Stacked denoising autoencoders: Learning useful representations in a deep network with a local denoising criterion. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 11 (Dec . 2010 ), 3371--3408. Pascal Vincent, Hugo Larochelle, Isabelle Lajoie, Yoshua Bengio, and Pierre-Antoine Manzagol. 2010. Stacked denoising autoencoders: Learning useful representations in a deep network with a local denoising criterion. J. Mach. Learn. Res. 11 (Dec. 2010), 3371--3408."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2486788.2486888"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/203241.203259"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2349018"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_73_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR\u201909)","author":"Wu Zhong","year":"2009","unstructured":"Zhong Wu , Qifa Ke , Michael Isard , and Jian Sun . 2009 . Bundling features for large scale partial-duplicate web image search . In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR\u201909) . IEEE, 25--32. Zhong Wu, Qifa Ke, Michael Isard, and Jian Sun. 2009. Bundling features for large scale partial-duplicate web image search. In Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR\u201909). IEEE, 25--32."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_74_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3155562.3155650"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_75_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-017-9568-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_76_1","volume-title":"Zeiler and Rob Fergus","author":"Matthew","year":"2014","unstructured":"Matthew D. Zeiler and Rob Fergus . 2014 . Visualizing and understanding convolutional networks. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision. Springer , 818--833. Matthew D. Zeiler and Rob Fergus. 2014. Visualizing and understanding convolutional networks. In Proceedings of the European Conference on Computer Vision. Springer, 818--833."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_77_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377811.3380411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_78_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3289600.3290610"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Software Engineering and Methodology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3391613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3391613","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:41:41Z","timestamp":1750200101000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3391613"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"references-count":78,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3391613"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3391613","relation":{},"ISSN":["1049-331X","1557-7392"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1049-331X","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7392","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,16]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-07-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-03-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}