{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:25:51Z","timestamp":1750220751411,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":8,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]],"date-time":"2020-04-30T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1588204800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>By targeting communication and power networks, malicious actors can significantly disrupt our society. As networks are more vulnerable after a natural disaster, this moment of weakness may be exploited to disrupt the network even further. However, the potential impact and mitigation of such a follow-up attack has yet to be studied.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this paper,we propose a frame work to analyze the impact of a combination of a natural disaster followed by a targeted single node failure. We apply this frame work on empirical disaster data and two network topologies. Our ex- periments show that even small targeted attacks can significantly augment the already grave network disruption caused by a natural disaster. We further show that this effect can be mitigated by adopting a calculated repair strategy.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3397776.3397780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,4]],"date-time":"2020-05-04T19:26:04Z","timestamp":1588620364000},"page":"12-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["A Moment of Weakness"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"47","author":[{"given":"Jorik","family":"Oostenbrink","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"}]},{"given":"Fernando A.","family":"Kuipers","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Delft University of Technology, Delft, Netherlands"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,5,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"NSA chief worries about cyber attack on US infrastructure. https:\/\/www.securityweek.com\/nsa-chief-worries- about-cyber-attack-us-infrastructure March 2016. Accessed:18-04--2019.  NSA chief worries about cyber attack on US infrastructure. https:\/\/www.securityweek.com\/nsa-chief-worries- about-cyber-attack-us-infrastructure March 2016. Accessed:18-04--2019.","DOI":"10.1016\/S1353-4858(19)30051-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R.Cohen K.Erez D.Ben-Avraham and S.Havlin. Break down of the internet under intentional attack. Physical review letters 86(16):3682 2001.  R.Cohen K.Erez D.Ben-Avraham and S.Havlin. Break down of the internet under intentional attack. Physical review letters 86(16):3682 2001.","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.86.3682"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3033543"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"T.Gomes J.Tapolcai C.Esposito D.Hutchison F. Kuipers J.Rak A.DeSousa A.Iossifides R.Travanca J.Andr\u00b4e etal. A survey of strategies for communication networks to protect against large-scale natural disasters.In 2016 8th international workshop on resilient networks design and modeling(RNDM) pages 11--22.IEEE 2016.  T.Gomes J.Tapolcai C.Esposito D.Hutchison F. Kuipers J.Rak A.DeSousa A.Iossifides R.Travanca J.Andr\u00b4e etal. A survey of strategies for communication networks to protect against large-scale natural disasters.In 2016 8th international workshop on resilient networks design and modeling(RNDM) pages 11--22.IEEE 2016.","DOI":"10.1109\/RNDM.2016.7608263"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0059613"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"1765","article-title":"The internet topology zoo. Selected Areas in Communications","volume":"29","author":"Knight S.","year":"2011","journal-title":"IEEE Journalon"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J. Oostenbrink and F.A.Kuipers.The risk of success ive disasters:A blow-by-blow network vulnerability analysis.In 2019 IFIP Networking Conference(to appear). IEEE 2019.  J. Oostenbrink and F.A.Kuipers.The risk of success ive disasters:A blow-by-blow network vulnerability analysis.In 2019 IFIP Networking Conference(to appear). IEEE 2019.","DOI":"10.23919\/IFIPNetworking.2019.8816845"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1009440108"}],"container-title":["ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3397776.3397780","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3397776.3397780","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:38:53Z","timestamp":1750199933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3397776.3397780"}},"subtitle":["Protecting Against Targeted Attacks Following a Natural Disaster"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"references-count":8,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3397776.3397780"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3397776.3397780","relation":{},"ISSN":["0163-5999"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0163-5999"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,30]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-05-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}