{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,21]],"date-time":"2025-10-21T15:37:53Z","timestamp":1761061073201,"version":"3.41.0"},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"EICS","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592438400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Usability and user interaction improvement is a central task in web development to guarantee the success of a web application. However, designers are barely able to keep up with the current development cycle because their practices are too costly, while interaction issues accumulate in applications that end-users keep suffering. In this work, we propose a method for designers to rapidly explore solutions through visual programming to the interaction problems of an application under development, even when it has been already deployed. The method is realized by a tool called UX-Painter, an exploratory tool for designers to apply quick fixes to interaction issues at the client-side of a web application without the need of any script programming knowledge. The palette of available fixes in UX-Painter are client-side web refactorings, i.e., changes to web page elements that solve specific user interaction problems without changing the underlying functionality. UX-Painter allows designers to quickly set up new versions of a web application by combining refactorings to create alternative designs for user testing or an inspection review. UX-Painter also provides the means to communicate design improvements, as a sequence of refactorings with clear semantics. We show the feedback provided by interviews with designers about UX-Painter's functionality and the results of a user test about its usability.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3397877","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]],"date-time":"2020-06-18T21:54:38Z","timestamp":1592517278000},"page":"1-21","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["UX-Painter: An Approach to Explore Interaction Fixes in the Browser"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Juan Cruz","family":"Gardey","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de La Plata &amp; CONICET, La Plata, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alejandra","family":"Garrido","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de La Plata &amp; CONICET, La Plata, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sergio","family":"Firmenich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de La Plata &amp; CONICET, La Plata, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juli\u00e1n","family":"Grigera","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de La Plata &amp; CICPBA &amp; CONICET, La Plata, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gustavo","family":"Rossi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidad Nacional de La Plata &amp; CONICET, La Plata, Argentina"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"reference":[{"volume-title":"New Perspectives in End-User Development","author":"Aldalur I\u00f1igo","key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"I\u00f1igo Aldalur , Marco Winckler , Oscar D\u00edaz , and Philippe Palanque . 2017. Web Augmentation as a Promising Technology for End User Development . In New Perspectives in End-User Development . Springer International Publishing , Cham , 433--459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--60291--2_17 10.1007\/978--3--319--60291--2_17 I\u00f1igo Aldalur, Marco Winckler, Oscar D\u00edaz, and Philippe Palanque. 2017. Web Augmentation as a Promising Technology for End User Development. In New Perspectives in End-User Development. Springer International Publishing, Cham, 433--459. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--60291--2_17"},{"volume-title":"Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change","author":"Beck Kent","key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"Kent Beck and Cynthia Andres . 2005. Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change . Addison-Wesley Professional , Boston, Massachusetts, USA. Kent Beck and Cynthia Andres. 2005. Extreme Programming Explained: Embrace Change. Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston, Massachusetts, USA."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2015.01.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23768-3_29"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AGILE.2009.76"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AGILE.2011.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.infsof.2018.04.008"},{"volume-title":"Rapid Mashup Development Tools","author":"Oscar D\u00ed","key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Oscar D\u00ed az, Crist\u00f3bal Arellano , I\u00f1igo Aldalur , Haritz Medina , and Sergio Firmenich . 2016. Web Mashups with WebMakeup . In Rapid Mashup Development Tools . Springer International Publishing , 82--97. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--28727-0_6 10.1007\/978--3--319--28727-0_6 Oscar D\u00ed az, Crist\u00f3bal Arellano, I\u00f1igo Aldalur, Haritz Medina, and Sergio Firmenich. 2016. Web Mashups with WebMakeup. In Rapid Mashup Development Tools. Springer International Publishing, 82--97. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--28727-0_6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"A language for end-user web augmentation: Caring for producers and consumers alike","volume":"7","author":"O. D\u00ed","year":"2013","unstructured":"O. D\u00ed az, C. Arellano , and M. Azanza . 2013 . A language for end-user web augmentation: Caring for producers and consumers alike . ACM Transaction on the Web , Vol. 7 , 2 (2013), 1 -- 51 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2460383.2460388 10.1145\/2460383.2460388 O. D\u00ed az, C. Arellano, and M. Azanza. 2013. A language for end-user web augmentation: Caring for producers and consumers alike. ACM Transaction on the Web, Vol. 7, 2 (2013), 1--51. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2460383.2460388","journal-title":"ACM Transaction on the Web"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10660-014-9149-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code","author":"Fowler Martin","year":"1999","unstructured":"Martin Fowler , Kent Beck , John Brant , William Opdyke , and Don Roberts . 1999 . Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code . Addison-Wesley Professional , Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 431 pages. Martin Fowler, Kent Beck, John Brant, William Opdyke, and Don Roberts. 1999. Refactoring: Improving the Design of Existing Code. Addison-Wesley Professional, Boston, Massachusetts, USA. 431 pages."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.artint.2010.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Tiago Silva da Silva, and Milene Selbach Silveira","author":"Garcia Andrei","year":"2019","unstructured":"Andrei Garcia , Tiago Silva da Silva, and Milene Selbach Silveira . 2019 . Artifact-facilitated communication in agile user-centered design. In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, Vol. 355 . Springer Verlag , 102--118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3-030--19034--7_7 10.1007\/978--3-030--19034--7_7 Andrei Garcia, Tiago Silva da Silva, and Milene Selbach Silveira. 2019. Artifact-facilitated communication in agile user-centered design. In Lecture Notes in Business Information Processing, Vol. 355. Springer Verlag, 102--118. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3-030--19034--7_7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2012.143"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2015.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10664-015-9384-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2016.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ASE.2017.8115717"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Applause App Quality Inc. 2019. uTest - The Professional Network for Testers. https:\/\/www.utest.com\/  Applause App Quality Inc. 2019. uTest - The Professional Network for Testers. https:\/\/www.utest.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/AGILE.2014.17"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1922649.1922658"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Online Controlled Experiments and A\/B Testing","volume":"7","author":"Kohavi Ron","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ron Kohavi and Roger Longbotham . 2016 . Online Controlled Experiments and A\/B Testing . Encyclopedia of Machine Learning and Data Mining , Vol. 7 , 8 (2016), 1 -- 8 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--1--4899--7502--7 10.1007\/978--1--4899--7502--7 Ron Kohavi and Roger Longbotham. 2016. Online Controlled Experiments and A\/B Testing. Encyclopedia of Machine Learning and Data Mining, Vol. 7, 8 (2016), 1--8. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--1--4899--7502--7","journal-title":"Encyclopedia of Machine Learning and Data Mining"},{"volume-title":"Integrating User-Centred Design in Agile Development","author":"Kuusinen Kati","key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Kati Kuusinen . 2016. BoB: A Framework for Organizing Within-Iteration UX Work in Agile Development . In Integrating User-Centred Design in Agile Development . Springer International Publishing , 205--224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--32165--3_9 10.1007\/978--3--319--32165--3_9 Kati Kuusinen. 2016. BoB: A Framework for Organizing Within-Iteration UX Work in Agile Development. In Integrating User-Centred Design in Agile Development. Springer International Publishing, 205--224. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--32165--3_9"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Association for Computing Machinery","author":"Nebeling M.","key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"M. Nebeling , M. Speicher , and M. C. Norrie . 2013. W3touch: Metrics-Based Web Page Adaptation for Touch . In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Association for Computing Machinery , New York, NY, USA, 2311--2320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2470654.2481319 10.1145\/2470654.2481319 M. Nebeling, M. Speicher, and M. C. Norrie. 2013. W3touch: Metrics-Based Web Page Adaptation for Touch. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 2311--2320. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2470654.2481319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijhcs.2014.12.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2835547.2835549"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"Test IO. 2019. QA Testing as a Service | test IO. https:\/\/test.io\/  Test IO. 2019. QA Testing as a Service | test IO. https:\/\/test.io\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1240624.1240842"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3397877","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3397877","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:38:53Z","timestamp":1750199933000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3397877"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"references-count":28,"journal-issue":{"issue":"EICS","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3397877"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3397877","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"type":"electronic","value":"2573-0142"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}