{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,11]],"date-time":"2026-07-11T02:30:43Z","timestamp":1783737043905,"version":"3.55.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":64,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]],"date-time":"2021-07-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1625961600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3404835.3463258","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,21]],"date-time":"2021-07-21T17:18:49Z","timestamp":1626887929000},"page":"2390-2397","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["Conversational Entity Linking: Problem Definition and Datasets"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Hideaki","family":"Joko","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Faegheh","family":"Hasibi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Krisztian","family":"Balog","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Stavanger, Stavanger, Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Arjen P.","family":"de Vries","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radboud University, Nijmegen, Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. 4285--4292","author":"Adjali Omar","year":"2020","unstructured":"Omar Adjali, Romaric Besancc on, Olivier Ferret, Herv\u00e9 Le Borgne, and Brigitte Grau. 2020. Building a Multimodal Entity Linking Dataset From Tweets. In Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. 4285--4292."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","volume-title":"Open-Domain Question Answering Goes Conversational via Question Rewriting. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.04898","author":"Anantha Raviteja","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raviteja Anantha, Svitlana Vakulenko, Zhucheng Tu, Shayne Longpre, Stephen Pulman, and Srinivas Chappidi. 2020. Open-Domain Question Answering Goes Conversational via Question Rewriting. arXiv preprint arXiv:2010.04898 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 344--354","author":"Angeli Gabor","unstructured":"Gabor Angeli, Melvin Jose Johnson Premkumar, and Christopher D. Manning. 2015. Leveraging Linguistic Structure For Open Domain Information Extraction. In Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (Volume 1: Long Papers). 344--354."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","series-title":"The Information Retrieval Series","volume-title":"Entity-Oriented Search","author":"Balog Krisztian","unstructured":"Krisztian Balog. 2018. Entity-Oriented Search. The Information Retrieval Series, Vol. 39. Springer."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3341981.3344241"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Preeti Bhargava Nemanja Spasojevic Sarah Ellinger Adithya Rao Abhinand Menon Saul Fuhrmann and Guoning Hu. 2019. Learning to Map Wikidata Entities To Predefined Topics (WWW '19). 1194--1202.","DOI":"10.1145\/3308560.3316749"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018)","author":"Bowden Kevin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kevin Bowden, Jiaqi Wu, Shereen Oraby, Amita Misra, and Marilyn Walker. 2018. SlugNERDS: A Named Entity Recognition Tool for Open Domain Dialogue Systems. In Proceedings of the Eleventh International Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC 2018) ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3020165.3022149"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","unstructured":"Tom B Brown Benjamin Mann Nick Ryder Melanie Subbiah Jared Kaplan Prafulla Dhariwal Arvind Neelakantan Pranav Shyam Girish Sastry Amanda Askell et al. 2020. Language models are few-shot learners. arXiv preprint arXiv:2005.14165 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D19-1459"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) .","author":"Cao Nicola De","year":"2021","unstructured":"Nicola De Cao, Gautier Izacard, Sebastian Riedel, and Fabio Petroni. 2021. Autoregressive Entity Retrieval. In Proceedings of International Conference on Learning Representations (ICLR) ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2701583.2701591"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P17-1171"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","volume-title":"Choi","author":"Chen Yu-Hsin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Yu-Hsin Chen and Jinho D. Choi. 2016. Character Identification on Multiparty Conversation: Identifying Mentions of Characters in TV Shows. In Proceedings of the 17th Annual Meeting of the Special Interest Group on Discourse and Dialogue. 90--100."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1241"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","article-title":"SMAPH: A Piggyback Approach for Entity-Linking in Web Queries","volume":"37","author":"Cornolti Marco","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marco Cornolti, Paolo Ferragina, Massimiliano Ciaramita, Stefan R\u00fcd, and Hinrich Sch\u00fctze. 2018. SMAPH: A Piggyback Approach for Entity-Linking in Web Queries. ACM Trans. Inf. Syst., Vol. 37, 1 (2018).","journal-title":"ACM Trans. Inf. Syst."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-2065"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2600428.2609628"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of TREC `19","author":"Dalton Jeffrey","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jeffrey Dalton, Chenyan Xiong, and Jamie Callan. 2019. CAsT 2019: The Conversational Assistance Track Overview. In Proceedings of TREC `19. 13--15."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jeff Dalton Chenyan Xiong and Jamie Callan. 2020. TREC Conversational Assistance Track (CAsT). https:\/\/github.com\/daltonj\/treccastweb .","DOI":"10.6028\/NIST.SP.1266.cast-overview"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM '18)","author":"Nobari Arash Dargahi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Arash Dargahi Nobari, Arian Askari, Faegheh Hasibi, and Mahmood Neshati. 2018. Query Understanding via Entity Attribute Identification. In Proceedings of the 27th ACM International Conference on Information and Knowledge Management (CIKM '18). 1759--1762."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies","volume":"1","author":"Devlin Jacob","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2019. BERT: Pre-training of Deep Bidirectional Transformers for Language Understanding. In Proceedings of the 2019 Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies, Volume 1 (Long and Short Papers). 4171--4186."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","volume-title":"Wizard of Wikipedia: Knowledge-Powered Conversational Agents. In International Conference on Learning Representations .","author":"Dinan Emily","year":"2019","unstructured":"Emily Dinan, Stephen Roller, Kurt Shuster, Angela Fan, Michael Auli, and Jason Weston. 2019. Wizard of Wikipedia: Knowledge-Powered Conversational Agents. In International Conference on Learning Representations ."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. 422--428","author":"Eric Mihail","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mihail Eric, Rahul Goel, Shachi Paul, Abhishek Sethi, Sanchit Agarwal, Shuyang Gao, Adarsh Kumar, Anuj Goyal, Peter Ku, and Dilek Hakkani-Tur. 2020. MultiWOZ 2.1: A Consolidated Multi-Domain Dialogue Dataset with State Corrections and State Tracking Baselines. In Proceedings of the 12th Language Resources and Evaluation Conference. 422--428."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 18th Annual SIGdial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue. 37--49","author":"Eric Mihail","unstructured":"Mihail Eric, Lakshmi Krishnan, Francois Charette, and Christopher D. Manning. 2017. Key-Value Retrieval Networks for Task-Oriented Dialogue. In Proceedings of the 18th Annual SIGdial Meeting on Discourse and Dialogue. 37--49."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 1535--1545","author":"Fader Anthony","year":"2011","unstructured":"Anthony Fader, Stephen Soderland, and Oren Etzioni. 2011. Identifying Relations for Open Information Extraction. In Proceedings of the 2011 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. 1535--1545."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1871437.1871689"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1866696.1866709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000074"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-45439-5_7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2808194.2809473"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2970398.2970406"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3077136.3080810"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","volume-title":"Effectiveness. In Proceedings of 39th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR '17)","author":"Hasibi Faegheh","year":"2017","unstructured":"Faegheh Hasibi, Krisztian Balog, and Svein Erik Bratsberg. 2017b. Entity Linking in Queries: Efficiency vs. Effectiveness. In Proceedings of 39th European Conference on Information Retrieval (ECIR '17). 40--53."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","volume-title":"https:\/\/github.com\/chauff\/conversationalIR. Online","author":"Hauff Claudia","year":"2020","unstructured":"Claudia Hauff. 2020. Conversational IR. https:\/\/github.com\/chauff\/conversationalIR. Online; accessed October 2020]."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2145432.2145521"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.354"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","volume-title":"2014 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT). 224--229","author":"Li X.","unstructured":"X. Li, G. Tur, D. Hakkani-T\u00fcr, and Q. Li. 2014. Personal knowledge graph population from user utterances in conversational understanding. In 2014 IEEE Spoken Language Technology Workshop (SLT). 224--229."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","volume-title":"Oard","author":"Mayfield James","year":"2011","unstructured":"James Mayfield, Dawn Lawrie, Paul McNamee, and Douglas W. Oard. 2011. Building a Cross-Language Entity Linking Collection in Twenty-One Languages. In Multilingual and Multimodal Information Access Evaluation, Pamela Forner, Julio Gonzalo, Jaana Kek\"al\"ainen, Mounia Lalmas, and Marteen de Rijke (Eds.). 3--13."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2124295.2124364"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","volume-title":"ParlAI: A Dialog Research Software Platform. arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.06476","author":"Miller Alexander H","year":"2017","unstructured":"Alexander H Miller, Will Feng, Adam Fisch, Jiasen Lu, Dhruv Batra, Antoine Bordes, Devi Parikh, and Jason Weston. 2017. ParlAI: A Dialog Research Software Platform. arXiv preprint arXiv:1705.06476 (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","volume-title":"Introducing MANtIS: a novel multi-domain information seeking dialogues dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:1912.04639","author":"Penha Gustavo","year":"2019","unstructured":"Gustavo Penha, Alexandru Balan, and Claudia Hauff. 2019. Introducing MANtIS: a novel multi-domain information seeking dialogues dataset. arXiv preprint arXiv:1912.04639 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). 43--54","author":"Peters Matthew E.","unstructured":"Matthew E. Peters, Mark Neumann, Robert Logan, Roy Schwartz, Vidur Joshi, Sameer Singh, and Noah A. Smith. 2019. Knowledge Enhanced Contextual Word Representations. In Proceedings of the 2019 Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP). 43--54."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2633211.2634350"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.findings-emnlp.71"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Jonathan Raiman and Olivier Raiman. 2018. DeepType: Multilingual Entity Linking by Neural Type System Evolution. In AAAI. 5406--5413.","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.12008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1534"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/tacl_a_00266"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2021.naacl-industry.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","volume-title":"Jason Weston, and Rob Fergus.","author":"Sukhbaatar Sainbayar","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sainbayar Sukhbaatar, arthur szlam, Jason Weston, and Rob Fergus. 2015. End-To-End Memory Networks. In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 28."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Anna Tigunova Andrew Yates Paramita Mirza and Gerhard Weikum. 2019. Listening between the Lines: Learning Personal Attributes from Conversations (WWW '19). 1818--1828.","DOI":"10.1145\/3308558.3313498"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.434"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2736277.2741626"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-00671-6_37"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_57_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR '20)","author":"van Hulst Johannes M.","unstructured":"Johannes M. van Hulst, Faegheh Hasibi, Koen Dercksen, Krisztian Balog, and Arjen P. de Vries. 2020. REL: An Entity Linker Standing on the Shoulders of Giants. In Proceedings of the 43rd International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval (SIGIR '20). 2197--2200."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-main.519"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3077136.3080768"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-demos.4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1614164.1614177"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.nlp4convai-1.13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1205"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P19-1139"}],"event":{"name":"SIGIR '21: The 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval","location":"Virtual Event Canada","acronym":"SIGIR '21","sponsor":["SIGIR ACM Special Interest Group on Information Retrieval"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 44th International ACM SIGIR Conference on Research and Development in Information Retrieval"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3404835.3463258","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3404835.3463258","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:17:44Z","timestamp":1750191464000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3404835.3463258"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"references-count":64,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3404835.3463258","10.1145\/3404835"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3404835.3463258","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,11]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-11","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}