{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:25:41Z","timestamp":1750220741337,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":32,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]],"date-time":"2020-09-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1599523200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3414080.3414090","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]],"date-time":"2020-09-21T23:11:58Z","timestamp":1600729918000},"page":"1-14","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Finding Candidate Keys and 3NF via Strategic Port Graph Rewriting"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Maribel","family":"Fernandez","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Janos","family":"Varga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"King's College London, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceeding of the IFIP Working Conference Data Base Management, Carg\u00e8se","author":"Abrial Jean-Raymond","year":"1974","unstructured":"Jean-Raymond Abrial . 1974 . Data Semantics. In Data Base Management , Proceeding of the IFIP Working Conference Data Base Management, Carg\u00e8se , Corsica, France , April 1-5, 1974., J.\u00a0W. Klimbie and K.\u00a0L. Koffeman (Eds.). North-Holland, 1\u201360. Jean-Raymond Abrial. 1974. Data Semantics. In Data Base Management, Proceeding of the IFIP Working Conference Data Base Management, Carg\u00e8se, Corsica, France, April 1-5, 1974., J.\u00a0W. Klimbie and K.\u00a0L. Koffeman (Eds.). North-Holland, 1\u201360."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/320083.320091"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4204\/EPTCS.48.7"},{"volume-title":"Information processing 74: proceedings of IFIP Congress 74. North-Holland","author":"Armstrong William\u00a0Ward","key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"William\u00a0Ward Armstrong . 1974. Dependency Structures of Data Base Relationships . In Information processing 74: proceedings of IFIP Congress 74. North-Holland , Amsterdam , 580\u2013583. William\u00a0Ward Armstrong. 1974. Dependency Structures of Data Base Relationships. In Information processing 74: proceedings of IFIP Congress 74. North-Holland, Amsterdam, 580\u2013583."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2157.322404"},{"volume-title":"Term rewriting and all that","author":"Baader Franz","key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"Franz Baader and Tobias Nipkow . 1998. Term rewriting and all that . Cambridge University Press . I\u2013XII, 1\u2013301 pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9781139172752 10.1017\/CBO9781139172752 Franz Baader and Tobias Nipkow. 1998. Term rewriting and all that. Cambridge University Press. I\u2013XII, 1\u2013301 pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/CBO9781139172752"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"International Workshop, Bad Honnef","author":"Batini Carlo","year":"1978","unstructured":"Carlo Batini and Alessandro D\u2019Atri . 1978 . Rewriting Systems as a Tool for Relational Data Base Design. In Graph-Grammars and Their Application to Computer Science and Biology , International Workshop, Bad Honnef , October 30 - November 3, 1978(LNCS, Vol.\u00a073), Volker Claus, Hartmut Ehrig, and Grzegorz Rozenberg (Eds.). Springer, 139\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BFb0025717 10.1007\/BFb0025717 Carlo Batini and Alessandro D\u2019Atri. 1978. Rewriting Systems as a Tool for Relational Data Base Design. In Graph-Grammars and Their Application to Computer Science and Biology, International Workshop, Bad Honnef, October 30 - November 3, 1978(LNCS, Vol.\u00a073), Volker Claus, Hartmut Ehrig, and Grzegorz Rozenberg (Eds.). Springer, 139\u2013154. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/BFb0025717"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/320493.320489"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/582095.582118"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1571-0661(05)82552-6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Further Normalization of the Data Base Relational Model. In Courant Computer Science Symposium 6 \u2013 Database Systems (New York City), R.\u00a0Rustin (Ed.). Prentice-Hall, 33\u201364","author":"Codd F.","year":"1972","unstructured":"E.\u00a0 F. Codd . 1972 . Further Normalization of the Data Base Relational Model. In Courant Computer Science Symposium 6 \u2013 Database Systems (New York City), R.\u00a0Rustin (Ed.). Prentice-Hall, 33\u201364 . E.\u00a0F. Codd. 1972. Further Normalization of the Data Base Relational Model. In Courant Computer Science Symposium 6 \u2013 Database Systems (New York City), R.\u00a0Rustin (Ed.). Prentice-Hall, 33\u201364."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_13_1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Ehrig G. Engels H. Kreowski and G. Rozenberg (Eds.). 1999. Handbook of graph grammars and computing by graph transformation: Applications Languages and Tools. Vol.\u00a02. World Scientific. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/4180 10.1142\/4180","DOI":"10.1142\/4180"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_13_1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"H. Ehrig G. Engels H. Kreowski and G. Rozenberg (Eds.). 1999. Handbook of graph grammars and computing by graph transformation: Applications Languages and Tools. Vol.\u00a02. World Scientific. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/4180","DOI":"10.1142\/4180"},{"volume-title":"Handbook of Conceptual Modeling, David\u00a0W. Embley and B.\u00a0Thalheim (Eds.). Vol.\u00a0XIX","author":"Embley W.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"David\u00a0 W. Embley and W.\u00a0 Y. Mok . 2011. Mapping Conceptual Models to Database Schemas . In Handbook of Conceptual Modeling, David\u00a0W. Embley and B.\u00a0Thalheim (Eds.). Vol.\u00a0XIX . Springer , 123\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-15865-0_5 10.1007\/978-3-642-15865-0_5 David\u00a0W. Embley and W.\u00a0Y. Mok. 2011. Mapping Conceptual Models to Database Schemas. In Handbook of Conceptual Modeling, David\u00a0W. Embley and B.\u00a0Thalheim (Eds.). Vol.\u00a0XIX. Springer, 123\u2013164. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-642-15865-0_5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"CiE 2014, Budapest, Hungary, June 23-27, 2014. Proceedings(LNCS, Vol.\u00a08493)","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez Maribel","year":"2014","unstructured":"Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez , H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kirchner , Ian Mackie , and Bruno Pinaud . 2014 . Visual Modelling of Complex Systems: Towards an Abstract Machine for PORGY. In Language, Life, Limits - 10th Conference on Computability in Europe , CiE 2014, Budapest, Hungary, June 23-27, 2014. Proceedings(LNCS, Vol.\u00a08493) , Arnold Beckmann, Erzs\u00e9bet Csuhaj-Varj\u00fa, and Klaus Meer (Eds.). Springer, 183\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-08019-2_19 10.1007\/978-3-319-08019-2_19 Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kirchner, Ian Mackie, and Bruno Pinaud. 2014. Visual Modelling of Complex Systems: Towards an Abstract Machine for PORGY. In Language, Life, Limits - 10th Conference on Computability in Europe, CiE 2014, Budapest, Hungary, June 23-27, 2014. Proceedings(LNCS, Vol.\u00a08493), Arnold Beckmann, Erzs\u00e9bet Csuhaj-Varj\u00fa, and Klaus Meer (Eds.). Springer, 183\u2013193. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-319-08019-2_19"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Strategic Port Graph Rewriting: an Interactive Modelling Framework. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez Maribel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez , H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kirchner , and Bruno Pinaud . 2019. Strategic Port Graph Rewriting: an Interactive Modelling Framework. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science ( 2019 ), 615\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0960129518000270 10.1017\/S0960129518000270 Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez, H\u00e9l\u00e8ne Kirchner, and Bruno Pinaud. 2019. Strategic Port Graph Rewriting: an Interactive Modelling Framework. Mathematical Structures in Computer Science (2019), 615\u2013662. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1017\/S0960129518000270"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"LOPSTR 2019","author":"Fern\u00e1ndez Maribel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez , Bruno Pinaud , and J\u00e1nos Varga . 2019 . A Port Graph Rewriting Approach to Relational Database Modelling. In Logic-Based Program Synthesis and Transformation - 29th International Symposium , LOPSTR 2019 , Porto, Portugal , October 8-10, 2019, Revised Selected Papers(LNCS, Vol.\u00a012042), Maurizio Gabbrielli (Ed.). Springer, 211\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-45260-5_13 10.1007\/978-3-030-45260-5_13 Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez, Bruno Pinaud, and J\u00e1nos Varga. 2019. A Port Graph Rewriting Approach to Relational Database Modelling. In Logic-Based Program Synthesis and Transformation - 29th International Symposium, LOPSTR 2019, Porto, Portugal, October 8-10, 2019, Revised Selected Papers(LNCS, Vol.\u00a012042), Maurizio Gabbrielli (Ed.). Springer, 211\u2013227. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-030-45260-5_13"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"Hector Garcia-Molina Jeffrey\u00a0D. Ullman and Jennifer Widom. 2014. Database systems - the complete book (2. ed.). Pearson Education. https:\/\/www.pearson.com\/us\/higher-education\/program\/Garcia-Molina-Database-Systems-The-Complete-Book-2nd-Edition\/PGM2429.html  Hector Garcia-Molina Jeffrey\u00a0D. Ullman and Jennifer Widom. 2014. Database systems - the complete book (2. ed.). Pearson Education. https:\/\/www.pearson.com\/us\/higher-education\/program\/Garcia-Molina-Database-Systems-The-Complete-Book-2nd-Edition\/PGM2429.html"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_19_1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.\u00a0H. Jahnke and A. Z\u00fcndorf. 1999. Applying Graph Transformations to Database re-engineering. See Ehrig et\u00a0al. [13] 267-286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/9789812815149_0006 10.1142\/9789812815149_0006","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812815149_0006"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_19_1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"J.\u00a0H. Jahnke and A. Z\u00fcndorf. 1999. Applying Graph Transformations to Database re-engineering. See Ehrig et\u00a0al. [13] 267-286. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/9789812815149_0006","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812815149_0006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1144366.1144370"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/322217.322223"},{"volume-title":"The Theory of Relational Databases","author":"Maier David","key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"David Maier . 1983. The Theory of Relational Databases . Computer Science Press . http:\/\/web.cecs.pdx.edu\/~maier\/TheoryBook\/TRD.html David Maier. 1983. The Theory of Relational Databases. Computer Science Press. http:\/\/web.cecs.pdx.edu\/~maier\/TheoryBook\/TRD.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings 10th International Workshop on Reduction Strategies in Rewriting and Programming, WRS 2011","author":"Plump Detlef","year":"2011","unstructured":"Detlef Plump . 2011 . The Design of GP 2 . In Proceedings 10th International Workshop on Reduction Strategies in Rewriting and Programming, WRS 2011 , Novi Sad, Serbia , 29 May 2011.(EPTCS, Vol.\u00a082), Santiago Escobar (Ed.). 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4204\/EPTCS.82.1 10.4204\/EPTCS.82.1 Detlef Plump. 2011. The Design of GP 2. In Proceedings 10th International Workshop on Reduction Strategies in Rewriting and Programming, WRS 2011, Novi Sad, Serbia, 29 May 2011.(EPTCS, Vol.\u00a082), Santiago Escobar (Ed.). 1\u201316. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4204\/EPTCS.82.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/FI-2012-708"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance","author":"Rensink Arend","year":"2003","unstructured":"Arend Rensink . 2003. The GROOVE Simulator: A Tool for State Space Generation . In Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance , Second International Workshop, AGTIVE 2003 , Charlottesville, VA, USA, September 27 - October 1, 2003, Revised Selected and Invited Papers(LNCS, Vol.\u00a03062), John\u00a0L. Pfaltz, Manfred Nagl, and Boris B\u00f6hlen (Eds.). Springer , 479\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-25959-6_40 10.1007\/978-3-540-25959-6_40 Arend Rensink. 2003. The GROOVE Simulator: A Tool for State Space Generation. In Applications of Graph Transformations with Industrial Relevance, Second International Workshop, AGTIVE 2003, Charlottesville, VA, USA, September 27 - October 1, 2003, Revised Selected and Invited Papers(LNCS, Vol.\u00a03062), John\u00a0L. Pfaltz, Manfred Nagl, and Boris B\u00f6hlen (Eds.). Springer, 479\u2013485. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978-3-540-25959-6_40"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","first-page":"124","article-title":"An Efficient Algorithm to Compute the Candidate Keys of a Relational Database","volume":"39","author":"Saiedian Hossein","year":"1996","unstructured":"Hossein Saiedian and Thomas Spencer . 1996 . An Efficient Algorithm to Compute the Candidate Keys of a Relational Database Schema. Comput. J. 39 , 2 (1996), 124 \u2013 132 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/comjnl\/39.2.124 10.1093\/comjnl Hossein Saiedian and Thomas Spencer. 1996. An Efficient Algorithm to Compute the Candidate Keys of a Relational Database Schema. Comput. J. 39, 2 (1996), 124\u2013132. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1093\/comjnl\/39.2.124","journal-title":"Schema. Comput. J."},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_27_1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Sch\u00fcrr A.\u00a0J. Winter and A. Z\u00fcndorf. 1999. The PROGRES Approach: Language and Environment. See Ehrig et\u00a0al. [13] 551-603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/9789812815149_0013 10.1142\/9789812815149_0013","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812815149_0013"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_3_2_1_27_1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"A. Sch\u00fcrr A.\u00a0J. Winter and A. Z\u00fcndorf. 1999. The PROGRES Approach: Language and Environment. See Ehrig et\u00a0al. [13] 551-603. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1142\/9789812815149_0013","DOI":"10.1142\/9789812815149_0013"},{"volume-title":"Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base Systems","author":"Ullman D.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","unstructured":"Jeffrey\u00a0 D. Ullman . 1988. Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base Systems , Volume I . Principles of Computer Science series, Vol.\u00a014. Computer Science Press . http:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/oclc\/310956623 Jeffrey\u00a0D. Ullman. 1988. Principles of Database and Knowledge-Base Systems, Volume I. Principles of Computer Science series, Vol.\u00a014. Computer Science Press. http:\/\/www.worldcat.org\/oclc\/310956623"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Proceedings Tenth International Workshop on Computing with Terms and Graphs, TERMGRAPH@FSCD 2018","author":"Varga J\u00e1nos","year":"2018","unstructured":"J\u00e1nos Varga . 2018 . Finding the Transitive Closure of Functional Dependencies using Strategic Port Graph Rewriting . In Proceedings Tenth International Workshop on Computing with Terms and Graphs, TERMGRAPH@FSCD 2018 , Oxford, UK, 7th July 2018(EPTCS, Vol.\u00a0288), Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez and Ian Mackie (Eds.). 50\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4204\/EPTCS.288.5 10.4204\/EPTCS.288.5 J\u00e1nos Varga. 2018. Finding the Transitive Closure of Functional Dependencies using Strategic Port Graph Rewriting. In Proceedings Tenth International Workshop on Computing with Terms and Graphs, TERMGRAPH@FSCD 2018, Oxford, UK, 7th July 2018(EPTCS, Vol.\u00a0288), Maribel Fern\u00e1ndez and Ian Mackie (Eds.). 50\u201362. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.4204\/EPTCS.288.5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/319732.319749"}],"event":{"name":"PPDP '20: 22nd International Symposium on Principles and Practice of Declarative Programming","acronym":"PPDP '20","location":"Bologna Italy"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 22nd International Symposium on Principles and Practice of Declarative Programming"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3414080.3414090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3414080.3414090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:38:38Z","timestamp":1750199918000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3414080.3414090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"references-count":32,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3414080.3414090","10.1145\/3414080"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3414080.3414090","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,9,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-09-21","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}