{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,15]],"date-time":"2026-04-15T22:08:49Z","timestamp":1776290929733,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1606435200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"name":"The Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic","award":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_019\/0000765"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CZ.02.1.01\/0.0\/0.0\/16_019\/0000765"]}]},{"name":"Grant Agency of the Czech Technical University in Prague","award":["SGS19\/179\/OHK3\/3T\/13"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["SGS19\/179\/OHK3\/3T\/13"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>We present a new framework for sketch-based modeling and animation of 3D organic shapes that can work entirely in an intuitive 2D domain, enabling a playful, casual experience. Unlike previous sketch-based tools, our approach does not require a tedious part-based multi-view workflow with the explicit specification of an animation rig. Instead, we combine 3D inflation with a novel rigidity-preserving, layered deformation model, ARAP-L, to produce a smooth 3D mesh that is immediately ready for animation. Moreover, the resulting model can be animated from a single viewpoint --- and without the need to handle unwanted inter-penetrations, as required by previous approaches. We demonstrate the benefit of our approach on a variety of examples produced by inexperienced users as well as professional animators. For less experienced users, our single-view approach offers a simpler modeling and animating experience than working in a 3D environment, while for professionals, it offers a quick and casual workspace for ideation.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3414685.3417805","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]],"date-time":"2020-11-27T21:51:05Z","timestamp":1606513865000},"page":"1-12","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Monster mash"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"39","author":[{"given":"Marek","family":"Dvoro\u017e\u0148\u00e1k","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Czech Technical University in Prague"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"S\u00fdkora","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Czech Technical University in Prague"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassidy","family":"Curtis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Curless","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google Research and University of Washington"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Olga","family":"Sorkine-Hornung","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"David","family":"Salesin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Google Research"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","volume-title":"Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 57--64","author":"Bernhardt Adrien","year":"2008","unstructured":"Adrien Bernhardt , Adeline Pihuit , Marie-Paule Cani , and Lo\u00efc Barthe . 2008 . Matisse: Painting 2D regions for Modeling Free-Form Shapes . In Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 57--64 . Adrien Bernhardt, Adeline Pihuit, Marie-Paule Cani, and Lo\u00efc Barthe. 2008. Matisse: Painting 2D regions for Modeling Free-Form Shapes. In Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 57--64."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2801134"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cad.2020.102904"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2366145.2366217"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2010.258"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","volume-title":"Digital Geometry Processing with Discrete Exterior Calculus. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Courses.","author":"Crane Keenan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Keenan Crane , Fernando de Goes , Mathieu Desbrun , and Peter Schr\u00f6der . 2013 . Digital Geometry Processing with Discrete Exterior Calculus. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Courses. Keenan Crane, Fernando de Goes, Mathieu Desbrun, and Peter Schr\u00f6der. 2013. Digital Geometry Processing with Discrete Exterior Calculus. In ACM SIGGRAPH 2013 Courses."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","volume-title":"Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience.","author":"Csikszentmihalyi Mihaly","year":"1991","unstructured":"Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi . 1991 . Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. Mihaly Csikszentmihalyi. 1991. Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3203197"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Computational Aesthetics and Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling and Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. 5.","author":"Dvoro\u017e\u0148\u00e1k Marek","year":"2018","unstructured":"Marek Dvoro\u017e\u0148\u00e1k , Saman Sepehri Nejad , Ond\u0159ej Jamri\u0161ka , Alec Jacobson , Ladislav Kavan , and Daniel S\u00fdkora . 2018 . Seamless Reconstruction of Part-Based HighRelief Models from Hand-Drawn Images . In Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Computational Aesthetics and Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling and Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. 5. Marek Dvoro\u017e\u0148\u00e1k, Saman Sepehri Nejad, Ond\u0159ej Jamri\u0161ka, Alec Jacobson, Ladislav Kavan, and Daniel S\u00fdkora. 2018. Seamless Reconstruction of Part-Based HighRelief Models from Hand-Drawn Images. In Proceedings of the Joint Symposium on Computational Aesthetics and Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling and Non-Photorealistic Animation and Rendering. 5."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2014.09.037"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2019.04.006"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1618452.1618494"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/311535.311602"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1073204.1073323"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2185520.2185573"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2816795.2818114"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_17_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 49--55","author":"Joshi Pushkar","unstructured":"Pushkar Joshi and Nathan A. Carr . 2008. Repouss\u00e9: Automatic Inflation of 2D Artwork . In Proceedings of Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 49--55 . Pushkar Joshi and Nathan A. Carr. 2008. Repouss\u00e9: Automatic Inflation of 2D Artwork. In Proceedings of Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 49--55."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1141911.1141928"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_19_1","volume-title":"ArtiSketch: A System for Articulated Sketch Modeling. Computer Graphics Forum 32, 2pt2","author":"Levi Zohar","year":"2013","unstructured":"Zohar Levi and Craig Gotsman . 2013. ArtiSketch: A System for Articulated Sketch Modeling. Computer Graphics Forum 32, 2pt2 ( 2013 ), 235--244. Zohar Levi and Craig Gotsman. 2013. ArtiSketch: A System for Articulated Sketch Modeling. Computer Graphics Forum 32, 2pt2 (2013), 235--244."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3272127.3275051"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3072959.3073632"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/3DV.2017.00018"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1531326.1531390"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1276377.1276429"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_25_1","unstructured":"Jorge Nocedal and Stephen Wright. 2006. Numerical optimization.  Jorge Nocedal and Stephen Wright. 2006. Numerical optimization."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCG.2011.84"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cag.2018.09.009"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1778765.1778796"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_29_1","volume-title":"ShapeShop: Sketch-based Solid Modeling with BlobTrees. In Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 53--62","author":"Schmidt Ryan","unstructured":"Ryan Schmidt , Brian Wyvill , Mario Costa Sousa , and Joaquim A. Jorge . 2005 . ShapeShop: Sketch-based Solid Modeling with BlobTrees. In Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 53--62 . Ryan Schmidt, Brian Wyvill, Mario Costa Sousa, and Joaquim A. Jorge. 2005. ShapeShop: Sketch-based Solid Modeling with BlobTrees. In Eurographics Workshop on Sketch-Based Interfaces and Modeling. 53--62."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_30_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of Eurographics\/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing. 109--116","author":"Sorkine Olga","year":"2007","unstructured":"Olga Sorkine and Marc Alexa . 2007 . As-Rigid-As-Possible Surface Modeling . In Proceedings of Eurographics\/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing. 109--116 . Olga Sorkine and Marc Alexa. 2007. As-Rigid-As-Possible Surface Modeling. In Proceedings of Eurographics\/ACM SIGGRAPH Symposium on Geometry Processing. 109--116."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13621"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2591011"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2004.00006.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_34_1","volume-title":"C","author":"Tuan Bui Minh","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bui Minh Tuan , Junho Kim , and Yunjin Lee . 2015. 3D-look Shading from Contours and Hatching Strokes. Computers & Graphics 51 , C ( 2015 ), 167--176. Bui Minh Tuan, Junho Kim, and Yunjin Lee. 2015. 3D-look Shading from Contours and Hatching Strokes. Computers & Graphics 51, C (2015), 167--176."},{"key":"e_1_2_2_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MCG.2007.1"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601128"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2016.2574705"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3414685.3417805","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3414685.3417805","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:03:14Z","timestamp":1750197794000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3414685.3417805"}},"subtitle":["a single-view approach to casual 3D modeling and animation"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"references-count":37,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,12,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3414685.3417805"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3414685.3417805","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-0301","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,27]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-11-27","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}