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First, we annotate 5,300 Twitter posts from the United States (US) and 5,300 Sina Weibo posts from China for politeness scores. Next, we develop an English and Chinese politeness feature set, 'PoliteLex'. Combining it with validated psycholinguistic dictionaries, we study the correlations between linguistic features and perceived politeness across cultures. We find that on Mandarin Weibo, future-focusing conversations, identifying with a group affiliation, and gratitude are considered more polite compared to English Twitter. Death-related taboo topics, use of pronouns (with the exception of honorifics), and informal language are associated with higher impoliteness on Mandarin Weibo than on English Twitter. Finally, we build language-based machine learning models to predict politeness with an F1 score of 0.886 on Mandarin Weibo and 0.774 on English Twitter.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3415190","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]],"date-time":"2020-10-15T22:27:49Z","timestamp":1602800869000},"page":"1-15","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Studying Politeness across Cultures using English Twitter and Mandarin Weibo"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"4","author":[{"given":"Mingyang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Hickman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"}]},{"given":"Louis","family":"Tay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN, USA"}]},{"given":"Lyle","family":"Ungar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}]},{"given":"Sharath Chandra","family":"Guntuku","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"6","article-title":"A Critical Review of Prominent Theories of Politeness","volume":"7","author":"Al-Duleimi Hutheifa Y.","year":"2016","journal-title":"Advances in Language and Literary Studies"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/1528-3542.8.3.425"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"F. 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