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Econ. Comput."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,11,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Algorithms are often used to produce decision-making rules that classify or evaluate individuals. When these individuals have incentives to be classified a certain way, they may behave strategically to influence their outcomes. We develop a model for how strategic agents can invest effort in order to change the outcomes they receive, and we give a tight characterization of when such agents can be incentivized to invest specified forms of effort into improving their outcomes as opposed to \u201cgaming\u201d the classifier. 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