{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,24]],"date-time":"2026-10-24T03:49:52Z","timestamp":1792813792308,"version":"4.5.0"},"reference-count":192,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1609545600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Comput. Surv."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Generative deep learning algorithms have progressed to a point where it is difficult to tell the difference between what is real and what is fake. In 2018, it was discovered how easy it is to use this technology for unethical and malicious applications, such as the spread of misinformation, impersonation of political leaders, and the defamation of innocent individuals. Since then, these \u201cdeepfakes\u201d have advanced significantly.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this article, we explore the creation and detection of deepfakes and provide an in-depth view as to how these architectures work. The purpose of this survey is to provide the reader with a deeper understanding of (1) how deepfakes are created and detected, (2) the current trends and advancements in this domain, (3) the shortcomings of the current defense solutions, and (4) the areas that require further research and attention.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3425780","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]],"date-time":"2021-01-02T17:08:21Z","timestamp":1609607301000},"page":"1-41","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":808,"title":["The Creation and Detection of Deepfakes"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"54","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6367-2734","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yisroel","family":"Mirsky","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology and Ben-Gurion University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenke","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,2]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Retrieved","year":"2020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Computer Graphics Forum","author":"Aberman Kfir"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/WIFS.2018.8630761"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/BTAS.2017.8272754"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPRW50498.2020.00338"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshops. 38--45","author":"Agarwal Shruti","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"Varshney","author":"Agarwal Sakshi","year":"2019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"Zahid Akhtar and Dipankar Dasgupta. [n.d.]. A comparative evaluation of local feature descriptors for DeepFakes detection. ([n.d.]).  Zahid Akhtar and Dipankar Dasgupta. [n.d.]. A comparative evaluation of local feature descriptors for DeepFakes detection. ([n.d.])."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CVPR.2018.00762"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3369412.3395070"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCVW.2019.00152"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"ECIAIR 2019 European Conference on the Impact of Artificial Intelligence and Robotics. 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