{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,15]],"date-time":"2026-07-15T03:37:53Z","timestamp":1784086673853,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1621814400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-1553437, CNS-1704105"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-1553437, CNS-1704105"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000005","name":"DOD U.S. Department of Defense","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["FA8750-19-C-0079"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["FA8750-19-C-0079"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000005","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Commun. ACM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Application-layer and network-layer defenses are critical for fortifying routing attacks.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3429775","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]],"date-time":"2021-05-24T17:58:51Z","timestamp":1621879131000},"page":"86-96","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":25,"title":["Securing internet applications from routing attacks"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Yixin","family":"Sun","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Apostolaki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Henry","family":"Birge-Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Laurent","family":"Vanbever","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"ETH Zurich"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jennifer","family":"Rexford","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mung","family":"Chiang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Prateek","family":"Mittal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Princeton University, Princeton, NJ"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14722\/ndss.2019.23252"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2017.29"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp.","author":"Birge-Lee H.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Birge-Lee , H. , Sun , Y. , Edmundson , A. , Rexford , J. , and Mittal , P . Bamboozling certificate authorities with BGP . In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp. , 2018 . Birge-Lee, H., Sun, Y., Edmundson, A., Rexford, J., and Mittal, P. Bamboozling certificate authorities with BGP. In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp., 2018."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3319535.3363197"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2382196.2382254"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"RFC Editor","author":"Bush R.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Bush , R. and Austein , R . The Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) to Router Protocol. RFC 6810 , RFC Editor , Jan. 2013 . Bush, R. and Austein, R. The Resource Public Key Infrastructure (RPKI) to Router Protocol. RFC 6810, RFC Editor, Jan. 2013."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.21236\/ADA465464"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2018436.2018439"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Surveillance without borders: The \"traffic shaping\" loophole and why it matters","author":"Goldberg S.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Goldberg , S. Surveillance without borders: The \"traffic shaping\" loophole and why it matters . The Century Foundation , 2017 . Goldberg, S. Surveillance without borders: The \"traffic shaping\" loophole and why it matters. The Century Foundation, 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2007.7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/49.839934"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp.","author":"Lad M.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Lad , M. , Massey , D. , Pei , D. , Wu , Y. , Zhang , B. , and Zhang , L . PHAS: A prefix hijack alert system . In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp. , 2006 . Lad, M., Massey, D., Pei, D., Wu, Y., Zhang, B., and Zhang, L. PHAS: A prefix hijack alert system. In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp., 2006."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"RFC Editor","author":"Lepinski M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Lepinski , M. and Sriram , K . BGPsec Protocol Specification. RFC 8205 , RFC Editor , Sept. 2017 . Lepinski, M. and Sriram, K. BGPsec Protocol Specification. RFC 8205, RFC Editor, Sept. 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486010"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SECCOM.2007.4550358"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3211852.3211856"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3213232.3213235"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3359989.3365414"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2398776.2398779"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"NANOG-67","author":"Snijders J.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Snijders , J. Practical everyday BGP filtering with AS PATH filters: PeerLocking . NANOG-67 , Chicago , June , 2016 . Snijders, J. Practical everyday BGP filtering with AS PATH filters: PeerLocking. NANOG-67, Chicago, June, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SP.2017.34"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp.","author":"Sun Y.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sun , Y. , Edmundson , A. , Vanbever , L. , Li , O. , Rexford , J. , Chiang , M. , and Mittal , P . RAPTOR: Routing attacks on privacy in Tor . In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp. , 2015 . Sun, Y., Edmundson, A., Vanbever, L., Li, O., Rexford, J., Chiang, M., and Mittal, P. RAPTOR: Routing attacks on privacy in Tor. In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp., 2015."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/popets-2016-0040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1402958.1402996"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"ACM SIGCOMM","author":"Zheng C.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Zheng , C. , Ji , L. , Pei , D. , Wang , J. , and Francis , P . A lightweight distributed scheme for detecting IP prefix hijacks in real-time . ACM SIGCOMM , 2007 . Zheng, C., Ji, L., Pei, D., Wang, J., and Francis, P. A lightweight distributed scheme for detecting IP prefix hijacks in real-time. ACM SIGCOMM, 2007."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp.","author":"Birge-Lee H.","year":"2021","unstructured":"Birge-Lee , H. , Wang , L. , McCarney , D. , Shoemaker , R. , Rexford , J. , and Mittal , P . Experiences deploying multi-vantage-point domain validation at Let's Encrypt . In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp. , 2021 Birge-Lee, H., Wang, L., McCarney, D., Shoemaker, R., Rexford, J., and Mittal, P. Experiences deploying multi-vantage-point domain validation at Let's Encrypt. In Proceedings of USENIX Security Symp., 2021"}],"container-title":["Communications of the ACM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3429775","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3429775","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3429775","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:31:44Z","timestamp":1750195904000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3429775"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"6","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3429775"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3429775","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-0782","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,5,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}