{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,13]],"date-time":"2026-03-13T08:56:08Z","timestamp":1773392168198,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":73,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3434073.3444648","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T18:02:57Z","timestamp":1614967377000},"page":"312-321","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":54,"title":["Excluded by Robots"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Hadas","family":"Erel","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoav","family":"Cohen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center(IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Klil","family":"Shafrir","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sara Daniela","family":"Levy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Idan Dov","family":"Vidra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tzachi","family":"Shem Tov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Oren","family":"Zuckerman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The Interdisciplinary Center (IDC) Herzliya, Herzliya, Israel"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3306618.3314272"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0096-3445.133.3.323"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2018.8525516"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","volume-title":"13th IEEE international workshop on robot and human interactive communication (IEEE Catalog No. 04TH8759)","author":"Bartneck Christoph","year":"2004","unstructured":"Christoph Bartneck and Jodi Forlizzi . 2004 . A design-centred framework for social human-robot interaction. In RO-MAN 2004 . 13th IEEE international workshop on robot and human interactive communication (IEEE Catalog No. 04TH8759) . IEEE, 591--594. Christoph Bartneck and Jodi Forlizzi. 2004. A design-centred framework for social human-robot interaction. In RO-MAN 2004. 13th IEEE international workshop on robot and human interactive communication (IEEE Catalog No. 04TH8759). IEEE, 591--594."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s12369-008-0001-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","volume-title":"The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological bulletin","author":"Baumeister Roy F","year":"1995","unstructured":"Roy F Baumeister and Mark R Leary . 1995. The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological bulletin , Vol. 117 , 3 ( 1995 ), 497. Roy F Baumeister and Mark R Leary. 1995. The need to belong: desire for interpersonal attachments as a fundamental human motivation. Psychological bulletin, Vol. 117, 3 (1995), 497."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMCC.2007.905845"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"Richard E Boyatzis. 1998. Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development.sage. Richard E Boyatzis. 1998. Transforming qualitative information: Thematic analysis and code development.sage."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","volume-title":"Socially intelligent agents","author":"Breazeal Cynthia","unstructured":"Cynthia Breazeal . 2002. Designing sociable machines . In Socially intelligent agents . Springer , 149--156. Cynthia Breazeal. 2002. Designing sociable machines. In Socially intelligent agents. Springer, 149--156."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","unstructured":"Nicki R Crick Nicole E Werner Juan F Casas Kathryn M O'Brien David A Nelson Jennifer K Grotpeter and Kristian Markon. 1999. Childhood aggression and gender: A new look at an old problem. (1999). Nicki R Crick Nicole E Werner Juan F Casas Kathryn M O'Brien David A Nelson Jennifer K Grotpeter and Kristian Markon. 1999. Childhood aggression and gender: A new look at an old problem. (1999)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1075\/is.18055.fle"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00224545.2019.1610348"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_13_1","volume-title":"Anthropomorphism and the social robot. Robotics and autonomous systems","author":"Duffy Brian R","year":"2003","unstructured":"Brian R Duffy . 2003. Anthropomorphism and the social robot. Robotics and autonomous systems , Vol. 42 , 3 ( 2003 ), 177--190. Brian R Duffy. 2003. Anthropomorphism and the social robot. Robotics and autonomous systems, Vol. 42, 3 (2003), 177--190."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","volume-title":"Science","volume":"302","author":"Eisenberger Naomi I","year":"2003","unstructured":"Naomi I Eisenberger , Matthew D Lieberman , and Kipling D Williams . 2003 . Does rejection hurt? An fMRI study of social exclusion . Science , Vol. 302 , 5643 (2003), 290--292. Naomi I Eisenberger, Matthew D Lieberman, and Kipling D Williams. 2003. Does rejection hurt? An fMRI study of social exclusion. Science, Vol. 302, 5643 (2003), 290--292."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290607.3312758"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cognition.2008.03.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2015.7333647"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","volume-title":"A survey of socially interactive robots. Robotics and autonomous systems","author":"Fong Terrence","year":"2003","unstructured":"Terrence Fong , Illah Nourbakhsh , and Kerstin Dautenhahn . 2003. A survey of socially interactive robots. Robotics and autonomous systems , Vol. 42 , 3--4 ( 2003 ), 143--166. Terrence Fong, Illah Nourbakhsh, and Kerstin Dautenhahn. 2003. A survey of socially interactive robots. Robotics and autonomous systems, Vol. 42, 3--4 (2003), 143--166."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1228716.1228734"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.paid.2016.07.008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","volume-title":"Analysing qualitative data (Qualitative research kit). Retrieved from","author":"Gibbs G","year":"2008","unstructured":"G Gibbs . 2008. Analysing qualitative data (Qualitative research kit). Retrieved from ( 2008 ). G Gibbs. 2008. Analysing qualitative data (Qualitative research kit). Retrieved from (2008)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2559636.2559673"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0127002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5898\/JHRI.3.1.Hoffman"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2696454.2696495"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Harold Jeffreys. 1998. The theory of probability. OUP Oxford. Harold Jeffreys. 1998. The theory of probability. OUP Oxford.","DOI":"10.1093\/oso\/9780198503682.001.0001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/desi.2008.24.3.72"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","volume-title":"Austin Lawrence, and Houston Claure","author":"Jung Malte F","year":"2018","unstructured":"Malte F Jung , Dominic DiFranzo , Brett Stoll , Solace Shen , Austin Lawrence, and Houston Claure . 2018 . Robot Assisted Tower Construction-A Resource Distribution Task to Study Human-Robot Collaboration and Interaction with Groups of People . arXiv preprint arXiv:1812.09548 (2018). Malte F Jung, Dominic DiFranzo, Brett Stoll, Solace Shen, Austin Lawrence, and Houston Claure. 2018. Robot Assisted Tower Construction-A Resource Distribution Task to Study Human-Robot Collaboration and Interaction with Groups of People. arXiv preprint arXiv:1812.09548 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/cyber.2012.0113"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ROMAN.2017.8172340"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","volume-title":"Real-life prosocial behavior decreases after being socially excluded by avatars, not agents. Computers in human behavior","author":"Kothgassner Oswald D","year":"2017","unstructured":"Oswald D Kothgassner , Mirjam Griesinger , Kathrin Kettner , Katja Wayan , Sabine V\u00f6lkl-Kernstock , Helmut Hlavacs , Leon Beutl , and Anna Felnhofer . 2017. Real-life prosocial behavior decreases after being socially excluded by avatars, not agents. Computers in human behavior , Vol. 70 ( 2017 ), 261--269. Oswald D Kothgassner, Mirjam Griesinger, Kathrin Kettner, Katja Wayan, Sabine V\u00f6lkl-Kernstock, Helmut Hlavacs, Leon Beutl, and Anna Felnhofer. 2017. Real-life prosocial behavior decreases after being socially excluded by avatars, not agents. Computers in human behavior, Vol. 70 (2017), 261--269."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","volume-title":"Advances in experimental social psychology.","author":"Leary Mark R","unstructured":"Mark R Leary and Roy F Baumeister . 2000. The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory . In Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 32 . Elsevier , 1--62. Mark R Leary and Roy F Baumeister. 2000. The nature and function of self-esteem: Sociometer theory. In Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol. 32. Elsevier, 1--62."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/00223891.2013.819511"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3310357"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_35_1","unstructured":"J Love R Selker M Marsman T Jamil AJ Verhagen A Ly and EJ Wagenmakers. [n.d.]. JASP (Version 0.6. 5) 2015 https:\/\/jasp-stats. org. Retrieved from ([n. d.]). J Love R Selker M Marsman T Jamil AJ Verhagen A Ly and EJ Wagenmakers. [n.d.]. JASP (Version 0.6. 5) 2015 https:\/\/jasp-stats. org. Retrieved from ([n. d.])."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3025786"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_37_1","unstructured":"Benny Megidish. 2017. Butter. https:\/\/butter-robotics.web.app\/ Benny Megidish. 2017. Butter. https:\/\/butter-robotics.web.app\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1514095.1514109"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3029798.3038331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_40_1","volume-title":"The bionic blues: Robot rejection lowers self-esteem. Computers in human behavior","author":"Nash Kyle","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kyle Nash , Johanna M Lea , Thomas Davies , and Kumar Yogeeswaran . 2018. The bionic blues: Robot rejection lowers self-esteem. Computers in human behavior , Vol. 78 ( 2018 ), 59--63. Kyle Nash, Johanna M Lea, Thomas Davies, and Kumar Yogeeswaran. 2018. The bionic blues: Robot rejection lowers self-esteem. Computers in human behavior, Vol. 78 (2018), 59--63."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3200\/GENP.135.2.151-166"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fnhum.2014.00935"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_43_1","volume-title":"Conceptions and perceived influence of peer groups: Interviews with preadolescents and adolescents. Child development","author":"O'Brien Susan F","year":"1988","unstructured":"Susan F O'Brien and Karen Linn Bierman . 1988. Conceptions and perceived influence of peer groups: Interviews with preadolescents and adolescents. Child development ( 1988 ), 1360--1365. Susan F O'Brien and Karen Linn Bierman. 1988. Conceptions and perceived influence of peer groups: Interviews with preadolescents and adolescents. Child development (1988), 1360--1365."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_44_1","volume-title":"Forum qualitative sozialforschung\/forum: Qualitative social research","author":"Opdenakker Raymond","unstructured":"Raymond Opdenakker . 2006. Advantages and disadvantages of four interview techniques in qualitative research . In Forum qualitative sozialforschung\/forum: Qualitative social research , Vol. 7 . Raymond Opdenakker. 2006. Advantages and disadvantages of four interview techniques in qualitative research. In Forum qualitative sozialforschung\/forum: Qualitative social research, Vol. 7."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15534510.2015.1074102"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_46_1","volume-title":"Human-human-robot interaction: robotic object's responsive gestures improve interpersonal evaluation in human interaction. Human-Computer Interaction","author":"Rifinski Danielle","year":"2020","unstructured":"Danielle Rifinski , Hadas Erel , Adi Feiner , Guy Hoffman , and Oren Zuckerman . 2020. Human-human-robot interaction: robotic object's responsive gestures improve interpersonal evaluation in human interaction. Human-Computer Interaction ( 2020 ), 1--27. Danielle Rifinski, Hadas Erel, Adi Feiner, Guy Hoffman, and Oren Zuckerman. 2020. Human-human-robot interaction: robotic object's responsive gestures improve interpersonal evaluation in human interaction. Human-Computer Interaction (2020), 1--27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_47_1","volume-title":"Swiss Journal of Psychology","author":"Ruggieri Sabrina","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sabrina Ruggieri , Mons Bendixen , Ute Gabriel , and Francc oise Alsaker . 2013. Cyberball. Swiss Journal of Psychology ( 2013 ). Sabrina Ruggieri, Mons Bendixen, Ute Gabriel, and Francc oise Alsaker. 2013. Cyberball. Swiss Journal of Psychology (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173386.3176919"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_49_1","unstructured":"Walter Schneider Amy Eschman and Anthony Zuccolotto. 2002. E-Prime: User's guide. Psychology Software Incorporated. Walter Schneider Amy Eschman and Anthony Zuccolotto. 2002. E-Prime: User's guide. Psychology Software Incorporated."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3171221.3171248"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2696454.2696461"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/673730"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3171221.3171275"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1957656.1957674"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HRI.2019.8673304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3171221.3171247"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_57_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HRI.2019.8673013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_58_1","unstructured":"Frank Thomas Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas. 1995. The illusion of life: Disney animation. Hyperion New York. Frank Thomas Ollie Johnston and Frank Thomas. 1995. The illusion of life: Disney animation. Hyperion New York."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.91.5.918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1368430210389084"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_61_1","volume-title":"Aversive interpersonal behaviors","author":"Williams Kipling D","unstructured":"Kipling D Williams . 1997. Social ostracism . In Aversive interpersonal behaviors . Springer , 133--170. Kipling D Williams. 1997. Social ostracism. In Aversive interpersonal behaviors. Springer, 133--170."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_62_1","volume-title":"Ostracism: The power of silence","author":"Williams Kipling D","year":"2002","unstructured":"Kipling D Williams . 2002 . Ostracism: The power of silence . Guilford Press . Kipling D Williams. 2002. Ostracism: The power of silence. Guilford Press."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_63_1","volume-title":"Annual review of psychology","author":"Williams Kipling D","year":"2007","unstructured":"Kipling D Williams . 2007. Ostracism. Annual review of psychology , Vol. 58 ( 2007 ). Kipling D Williams. 2007. Ostracism. Annual review of psychology, Vol. 58 (2007)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_64_1","volume-title":"Ostracism: A temporal need-threat model. Advances in experimental social psychology","author":"Williams Kipling D","year":"2009","unstructured":"Kipling D Williams . 2009 . Ostracism: A temporal need-threat model. Advances in experimental social psychology , Vol. 41 (2009), 275--314. Kipling D Williams. 2009. Ostracism: A temporal need-threat model. Advances in experimental social psychology, Vol. 41 (2009), 275--314."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.79.5.748"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_66_1","volume-title":"Cyberball: A program for use in research on interpersonal ostracism and acceptance. Behavior research methods","author":"Williams Kipling D","year":"2006","unstructured":"Kipling D Williams and Blair Jarvis . 2006 . Cyberball: A program for use in research on interpersonal ostracism and acceptance. Behavior research methods , Vol. 38 , 1 (2006), 174--180. Kipling D Williams and Blair Jarvis. 2006. Cyberball: A program for use in research on interpersonal ostracism and acceptance. Behavior research methods, Vol. 38, 1 (2006), 174--180."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_67_1","volume-title":"Ostracism: On being ignored, excluded, and rejected.","author":"Williams Kipling D","year":"2001","unstructured":"Kipling D Williams and Lisa Zadro . 2001 . Ostracism: On being ignored, excluded, and rejected. (2001). Kipling D Williams and Lisa Zadro. 2001. Ostracism: On being ignored, excluded, and rejected. (2001)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_68_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/s13428-014-0475-x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_69_1","unstructured":"Robert H Wortham Andreas Theodorou and Joanna J Bryson. 2016. What does the robot think? Transparency as a fundamental design requirement for intelligent systems. (2016). Robert H Wortham Andreas Theodorou and Joanna J Bryson. 2016. What does the robot think? Transparency as a fundamental design requirement for intelligent systems. (2016)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_70_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijpsycho.2016.07.499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_71_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2019.031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_72_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jesp.2003.11.006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_73_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376411"}],"event":{"name":"HRI '21: ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction","location":"Boulder CO USA","acronym":"HRI '21","sponsor":["SIGAI ACM Special Interest Group on Artificial Intelligence","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 2021 ACM\/IEEE International Conference on Human-Robot Interaction"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3434073.3444648","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3434073.3444648","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:28:11Z","timestamp":1750195691000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3434073.3444648"}},"subtitle":["Can Robot-Robot-Human Interaction Lead to Ostracism?"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3434073.3444648","10.1145\/3434073"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3434073.3444648","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}