{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,6]],"date-time":"2026-03-06T14:57:15Z","timestamp":1772809035492,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":47,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1624233600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Commun. ACM"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Conversing about places with a computer poses a range of challenges to current AI.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3440752","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]],"date-time":"2021-06-21T15:36:51Z","timestamp":1624289811000},"page":"82-88","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Spatial concepts in the conversation with a computer"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Stephan","family":"Winter","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Timothy","family":"Baldwin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Tomko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Melbourne, Australia"}]},{"given":"Jochen","family":"Renz","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Australian National University, Australia"}]},{"given":"Werner","family":"Kuhn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California at Santa Barbara, CA"}]},{"given":"Maria","family":"Vasardani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RMIT University, Australia"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s17071586"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2756546"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4757-4425-5_4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2017.01.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aimag.v37i4.2684"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5311\/JOSIS.2018.17.417"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/ijgi7060221"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2013.772184"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15327051HCI16234_02"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to Human-Centered Design","author":"Endsley M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"Endsley, M. and Jones, D. Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to Human-Centered Design. CRC Press, Boca Raton, FL, 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0263775816668857"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"From text to geographic coordinates: The current state of geocoding","volume":"19","author":"Goldberg D.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Goldberg, D., Wilson, J., and Knoblock, C. From text to geographic coordinates: The current state of geocoding. URISA J. 19, 1 (2007), 33--46.","journal-title":"URISA J."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P18-1119"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Place questions and human-generated answers: A data analysis approach. Geospatial Technologies for Local and Regional Development","author":"Hamzei E.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hamzei, E., Li, H., Vasardani, M., Baldwin, T., Winter, S., and Tomko, M. Place questions and human-generated answers: A data analysis approach. Geospatial Technologies for Local and Regional Development. P. Kyriakidis, D. Hadjimitsis, D. Skarlatos, and A. Mansourian (Eds.). Springer, Cham, Switzerland, 2019, 3--19."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13875868.2019.1688332"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/636772.636798"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 16th Intern. Conf. on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning. AAAI","author":"Hua H.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Hua, H., Renz, J., and Ge, X. Qualitative representation and reasoning over direction relations across different frames of reference. In Proceedings of the 16th Intern. Conf. on Principles of Knowledge Representation and Reasoning. AAAI, Arizona State University, 2018, 551--560."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3347146.3359107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/17489725.2018.1508763"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Geographical information retrieval. Encyclopedia of Database Systems","author":"Jones C.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Jones, C. and Purves, R. Geographical information retrieval. Encyclopedia of Database Systems. Springer, Boston, MA, 2009, 1227--1231."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Allocentric and egocentric spatial representations: Definitions, distinctions, and interconnections","author":"Klatzky R.","year":"1998","unstructured":"Klatzky, R. Allocentric and egocentric spatial representations: Definitions, distinctions, and interconnections. Spatial Cognition. C. Freksa, C. Habel, and K. F. Wender (Eds.). LNAI 1404. Springer, Berlin, 1998, 1--17."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Workshop on Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Systems 2004","author":"Klippel A.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Klippel, A., Dewey, C., Knauff, M., Richter, K., Montello, D., Freksa, C., and Loeliger, E.-A. Direction concepts in wayfinding assistance systems. In Proceedings of the Workshop on Artificial Intelligence in Mobile Systems 2004. J. Baus, C. Kray, and R. Porzel (Eds.). Sonderforschungsbereich 378, Saarbr\u00fccken, Germany, 2004, 1--8."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Linguistic and non-linguistic turn direction concepts","author":"Klippel A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Klippel, A. and Montello, D. Linguistic and non-linguistic turn direction concepts. In Spatial Information Theory. S. Winter, M. Duckham, L. Kulik, and B. Kuipers (Eds.). LNCS 4736. Springer, Berlin, 2007, 354--372."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/13658816.2012.722637"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Frames of reference and Molyneux's question: Crosslinguistic evidence","author":"Levinson S.","year":"1996","unstructured":"Levinson, S. Frames of reference and Molyneux's question: Crosslinguistic evidence. Language and Space. P. Bloom, M.A. Peterson, L. Nadel, and M.F. Garrett (Eds.). The MIT Press, Cambridge, MA, 1996, 109--169."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/9781118601457"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/tgis.12212"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/3-540-57207-4_21"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/S15427633SCC032&3_06"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1207\/s15427633scc0601_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3281354.3281362"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/asi.24194"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1561\/1500000034"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/a0032460"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D17-1016"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MDM.2009.117"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2629572"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MWC.2002.1043853"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0097-8493(99)00120-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Relevance Theory. Handbook of Pragmatics","author":"Sperber D.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Sperber, D. and Wilson, D. Relevance Theory. Handbook of Pragmatics. L. Horn and G. Ward (Eds.). Blackwell, Oxford, U.K., 2004, 607--632."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23196-4_20"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11257-011-9110-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","volume-title":"From descriptions to depictions: A conceptual framework","author":"Vasardani M.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Vasardani, M., Timpf, S., Winter, S., and Tomko, M. From descriptions to depictions: A conceptual framework. Spatial Information Theory. T. Tenbrink, J. Stell, A. Galton, and Z. Wood (Eds.). LNCS 8116. Springer, Cham, 2013, 299--319."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0991-94"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Approaching the notion of place by contrast","volume":"2012","author":"Winter S.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Winter, S. and Freksa, C. Approaching the notion of place by contrast. J. Spatial Information Science 2012, 5 (2012), 31--50.","journal-title":"J. Spatial Information Science"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Infrastructure-independent indoor localization and navigation","volume":"52","author":"Winter S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Winter, S., Tomko, M., Vasardani, M., Richter, K., Khoshelham, K., and Kalantari, M. Infrastructure-independent indoor localization and navigation. Comput. Surveys 52, 3 (2019), 61:1--61:24.","journal-title":"Comput. Surveys"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1162\/105474603322761261"}],"container-title":["Communications of the ACM"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3440752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3440752","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:28:18Z","timestamp":1750195698000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3440752"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"references-count":47,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3440752"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3440752","relation":{},"ISSN":["0001-0782","1557-7317"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0001-0782","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7317","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,21]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-21","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}