{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,6]],"date-time":"2025-11-06T20:12:44Z","timestamp":1762459964959,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":73,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]],"date-time":"2021-02-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1612224000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3441636.3442300","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]],"date-time":"2021-03-17T16:59:03Z","timestamp":1616000343000},"page":"11-20","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Analysis of a Process for Introductory Debugging"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Jacqueline","family":"Whalley","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand"}]},{"given":"Amber","family":"Settle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"DePaul University, US"}]},{"given":"Andrew","family":"Luxton-Reilly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"The University of Auckland, New Zealand"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,17]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1067445.1067472"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","DOI":"10.11120\/ital.2007.06040072"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3328778.3366862"},{"volume-title":"Proc.\u00a0of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education","author":"S.","unstructured":"Basma\u00a0 S. Alqadi and Jonathan\u00a0I. Maletic. 2017. An Empirical Study of Debugging Patterns Among Novices Programmers . In Proc.\u00a0of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education ( Seattle, Washington, USA) (SIGCSE \u201917). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 15\u201320. Basma\u00a0S. Alqadi and Jonathan\u00a0I. Maletic. 2017. An Empirical Study of Debugging Patterns Among Novices Programmers. In Proc.\u00a0of the 2017 ACM SIGCSE Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education (Seattle, Washington, USA) (SIGCSE \u201917). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 15\u201320.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2676723.2677258"},{"volume-title":"Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol.\u00a02","author":"Bandura Albert","unstructured":"Albert Bandura . 1965. Vicarious processes: A case of no-trial learning . In Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol.\u00a02 . Elsevier , 1\u201355. Albert Bandura. 1965. Vicarious processes: A case of no-trial learning. In Advances in experimental social psychology. Vol.\u00a02. Elsevier, 1\u201355.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3344429.3372508"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","DOI":"10.1080\/08993408.2016.1225464"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Software Testing Techniques","author":"Beizer Boris","unstructured":"Boris Beizer . 1990. Software Testing Techniques ( 2 nd Ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold Co. , USA. Boris Beizer. 1990. Software Testing Techniques (2nd Ed.). Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., USA.","edition":"2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3106237.3106255"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","DOI":"10.1109\/LaTiCE.2013.38"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","DOI":"10.1145\/971300.971310"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2591708.2591748"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2325296.2325318"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1999747.1999807"},{"volume-title":"E.\u00a0Soloway and J","author":"Du\u00a0Boulay Benedict","unstructured":"Benedict Du\u00a0Boulay . 1989. Some difficulties of learning to program.In Studying the Novice Programmer , E.\u00a0Soloway and J .C. Spohrer (Eds.). Lawrence Erlbaum ., 283\u2013299. Benedict Du\u00a0Boulay. 1989. Some difficulties of learning to program.In Studying the Novice Programmer, E.\u00a0Soloway and J.C. Spohrer (Eds.). Lawrence Erlbaum., 283\u2013299.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3013499.3013509"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3328778.3366924"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","DOI":"10.1109\/T4E.2014.1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3160489.3160493"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","DOI":"10.1080\/08993400802114508"},{"volume-title":"The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research","author":"Glaser G.","unstructured":"Barney\u00a0 G. Glaser and Anselm\u00a0 L. Strauss . 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research . Aldine de Gruyter , New York, NY . Barney\u00a0G. Glaser and Anselm\u00a0L. Strauss. 1967. The Discovery of Grounded Theory: Strategies for Qualitative Research. Aldine de Gruyter, New York, NY.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","DOI":"10.1016\/S0020-7373(75)80005-8"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3017680.3017723"},{"volume-title":"Proc.\u00a0of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems","author":"Gugerty L.","unstructured":"L. Gugerty and G. Olson . 1986. Debugging by Skilled and Novice Programmers . In Proc.\u00a0of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems ( Boston, Massachusetts, USA) (CHI \u201986). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 171\u2013174. L. Gugerty and G. Olson. 1986. Debugging by Skilled and Novice Programmers. In Proc.\u00a0of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (Boston, Massachusetts, USA) (CHI \u201986). ACM, New York, NY, USA, 171\u2013174.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3230977.3231002"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","DOI":"10.1147\/sj.411.0004"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2005.1611967"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3372356.3372360"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s10648-006-9001-8"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1734263.1734299"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3287324.3287333"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","DOI":"10.1207\/s15327051hci0304_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Debugging: An Analysis of Bug-Location Strategies. Human\u2013Computer Interaction 3, 4","author":"Katz R.","year":"1987","unstructured":"Irvin\u00a0 R. Katz and John\u00a0 R. Anderson . 1987 . Debugging: An Analysis of Bug-Location Strategies. Human\u2013Computer Interaction 3, 4 (1987), 351\u2013399. Irvin\u00a0R. Katz and John\u00a0R. Anderson. 1987. Debugging: An Analysis of Bug-Location Strategies. Human\u2013Computer Interaction 3, 4 (1987), 351\u2013399."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","first-page":"5","article-title":"Teaching challenges: testing and debugging skills for novice programmers","volume":"11","author":"Kazemian Fereydoun","year":"2008","unstructured":"Fereydoun Kazemian and Trudy Howles . 2008 . Teaching challenges: testing and debugging skills for novice programmers . Software Quality Professional 11 , 1 (2008), 5 . Fereydoun Kazemian and Trudy Howles. 2008. Teaching challenges: testing and debugging skills for novice programmers. Software Quality Professional 11, 1 (2008), 5.","journal-title":"Software Quality Professional"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0285(88)90004-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"The CS-Ed Podcast. https:\/\/sites.duke.edu\/csedpodcast\/2020\/01\/07\/episode-3-amy\/ Accessed","author":"Amy Ko.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Amy Ko. 2020. The CS-Ed Podcast. https:\/\/sites.duke.edu\/csedpodcast\/2020\/01\/07\/episode-3-amy\/ Accessed : 17 March 2020 . Amy Ko. 2020. The CS-Ed Podcast. https:\/\/sites.duke.edu\/csedpodcast\/2020\/01\/07\/episode-3-amy\/ Accessed: 17 March 2020."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2899415.2899447"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2361276.2361301"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3286960.3286970"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3197091.3197098"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3293881.3295779"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","DOI":"10.1080\/08993408.2011.554722"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2014.7044420"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","DOI":"10.1080\/08993400802114581"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","DOI":"10.11613\/BM.2012.031"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3137065.3137087"},{"volume-title":"Proc.\u00a0of the 2017 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research","author":"A.","unstructured":"Michael\u00a0 A. Miljanovic and Jeremy\u00a0S. Bradbury. 2017. RoboBUG: A Serious Game for Learning Debugging Techniques . In Proc.\u00a0of the 2017 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research ( Tacoma, Washington, USA) (ICER \u201917). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 93\u2013100. Michael\u00a0A. Miljanovic and Jeremy\u00a0S. Bradbury. 2017. RoboBUG: A Serious Game for Learning Debugging Techniques. In Proc.\u00a0of the 2017 ACM Conference on International Computing Education Research (Tacoma, Washington, USA) (ICER \u201917). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 93\u2013100.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","DOI":"10.1145\/1352135.1352191"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","DOI":"10.1145\/359588.359602"},{"unstructured":"DN Perkins and Fay Martin. 1986. Fragile knowledge and neglected strategies in novice programmers. In first workshop on empirical studies of programmers on Empirical studies of programmers. 213\u2013229.  DN Perkins and Fay Martin. 1986. Fragile knowledge and neglected strategies in novice programmers. In first workshop on empirical studies of programmers on Empirical studies of programmers. 213\u2013229.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","DOI":"10.1007\/s11219-015-9294-2"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3017680.3017768"},{"volume-title":"The logic of scientific discovery","author":"Popper Karl","unstructured":"Karl Popper . 2005. The logic of scientific discovery . Routledge . Karl Popper. 2005. The logic of scientific discovery. Routledge.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3105726.3106169"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2846680.2846681"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3077618"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","DOI":"10.1076\/csed.13.2.137.14200"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"London: Academic Press., 157\u2013174.","author":"Rogalski J.","year":"1990","unstructured":"J. Rogalski and R. Samurcay . 1990 . Acquisition of programming knowledge and skills.In Psychology of programming, J.M. Hoc, T.R.G. Green, R.\u00a0Samurcay, and D.J. Gillmore (Eds .). London: Academic Press., 157\u2013174. J. Rogalski and R. Samurcay. 1990. Acquisition of programming knowledge and skills.In Psychology of programming, J.M. Hoc, T.R.G. Green, R.\u00a0Samurcay, and D.J. Gillmore (Eds.). London: Academic Press., 157\u2013174."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2445196.2445388"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2401796.2401799"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","DOI":"10.1145\/6592.6594"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3279720.3279725"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","DOI":"10.1145\/2483710.2483713"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_65_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3186278"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_66_1","DOI":"10.1145\/6138.6145"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_67_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3230977.3230995"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_68_1","DOI":"10.1109\/TSMC.1986.289308"},{"unstructured":"Taiyun Wei and Viliam Simko. 2017. R package \u201dcorrplot\u201d: Visualization of a Correlation Matrix. https:\/\/github.com\/taiyun\/corrplot (Version 0.84).  Taiyun Wei and Viliam Simko. 2017. R package \u201dcorrplot\u201d: Visualization of a Correlation Matrix. https:\/\/github.com\/taiyun\/corrplot (Version 0.84).","key":"e_1_3_2_1_69_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_70_1","DOI":"10.1145\/31726.31755"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_71_1","DOI":"10.1145\/234867.234872"},{"volume-title":"Why programs fail: a guide to systematic debugging","author":"Zeller Andreas","unstructured":"Andreas Zeller . 2009. Why programs fail: a guide to systematic debugging . Elsevier . Andreas Zeller. 2009. Why programs fail: a guide to systematic debugging. Elsevier.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_72_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_73_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3230977.3231005"}],"event":{"acronym":"ACE '21","name":"ACE '21: Australasian Computing Education Conference","location":"Virtual SA Australia"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 23rd Australasian Computing Education Conference"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3441636.3442300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3441636.3442300","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T22:03:06Z","timestamp":1750197786000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3441636.3442300"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]},"references-count":73,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3441636.3442300","10.1145\/3441636"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3441636.3442300","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,2]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-17","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}