{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,17]],"date-time":"2025-11-17T14:24:24Z","timestamp":1763389464601,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":63,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]],"date-time":"2021-04-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1618790400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3442381.3449966","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]],"date-time":"2021-06-03T19:37:45Z","timestamp":1622749065000},"page":"317-328","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":4,"title":["Superways: A Datacenter Topology for Incast-heavy workloads"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Hamed","family":"Rezaei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Chicago, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Balajee","family":"Vamanan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Illinois at Chicago, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[\n  1\n  ]  Amazon. http:\/\/www.Amazon.com.  [1] Amazon. http:\/\/www.Amazon.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"[\n  2\n  ]  Arista Networks. https:\/\/www.arista.com.  [2] Arista Networks. https:\/\/www.arista.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"[\n  3\n  ]  Brocade Inc. https:\/\/www.brocade.com.  [3] Brocade Inc. https:\/\/www.brocade.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"[\n  4\n  ]  Cablewholesale. https:\/\/www.cablewholesale.com.  [4] Cablewholesale. https:\/\/www.cablewholesale.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"[\n  5\n  ]  Cablinginstall. https:\/\/www.cablinginstall.com\/data-center\/article\/16468527\/the-data-center-evolution-how-to-overcome-its-cabling-challenges.  [5] Cablinginstall. https:\/\/www.cablinginstall.com\/data-center\/article\/16468527\/the-data-center-evolution-how-to-overcome-its-cabling-challenges."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"[\n  6\n  ]  Cisco Systems. https:\/\/www.cisco.com.  [6] Cisco Systems. https:\/\/www.cisco.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"[\n  7\n  ]  Compsource. https:\/\/www.compsource.com.  [7] Compsource. https:\/\/www.compsource.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"[\n  8\n  ]  Dell. http:\/\/www.dell.com.  [8] Dell. http:\/\/www.dell.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"[\n  9\n  ]  fb. https:\/\/www.techrepublic.com\/article\/facebook-fabric-an-innovative-network-topology-for-data-centers\/.  [9] fb. https:\/\/www.techrepublic.com\/article\/facebook-fabric-an-innovative-network-topology-for-data-centers\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"[\n  10\n  ]  FS.com. http:\/\/www.fs.com.  [10] FS.com. http:\/\/www.fs.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"[\n  11\n  ]  HP. https:\/\/www.hp.com.  [11] HP. https:\/\/www.hp.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"[\n  12\n  ]  Huawei Technologies. https:\/\/www.huawei.com.  [12] Huawei Technologies. https:\/\/www.huawei.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"[\n  13\n  ]  intel. https:\/\/www.intel.com.  [13] intel. https:\/\/www.intel.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"[\n  14\n  ]  Juniper Networks. https:\/\/www.juniper.net.  [14] Juniper Networks. https:\/\/www.juniper.net."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"[\n  15\n  ]  Rosewill. https:\/\/www.rosewill.com.  [15] Rosewill. https:\/\/www.rosewill.com."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"[\n  16\n  ]  Superways_ns3_code. https:\/\/github.com\/hrezae2\/Superways-WWW-21\/.  [16] Superways_ns3_code. https:\/\/github.com\/hrezae2\/Superways-WWW-21\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammad Al-Fares Alexander Loukissas and Amin Vahdat. 2008. A scalable commodity data center network architecture(SIGCOMM \u201908).  Mohammad Al-Fares Alexander Loukissas and Amin Vahdat. 2008. A scalable commodity data center network architecture(SIGCOMM \u201908).","DOI":"10.1145\/1402958.1402967"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammad Alizadeh 2010. Data center TCP (DCTCP)(SIGCOMM \u201910).  Mohammad Alizadeh 2010. Data center TCP (DCTCP)(SIGCOMM \u201910).","DOI":"10.1145\/1851182.1851192"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"Mohammad Alizadeh 2012. Less is more: trading a little bandwidth for ultra-low latency in the data center(USENIX NSDI).  Mohammad Alizadeh 2012. Less is more: trading a little bandwidth for ultra-low latency in the data center(USENIX NSDI)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Mohammad Alizadeh 2013. pFabric: Minimal Near-optimal Datacenter Transport(SIGCOMM \u201913). ACM.  Mohammad Alizadeh 2013. pFabric: Minimal Near-optimal Datacenter Transport(SIGCOMM \u201913). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2486001.2486031"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Pulser: Fast Congestion Response Using Explicit Incast Notifications for Datacenter Networks","author":"Almasi Hamidreza","year":"2019","unstructured":"Hamidreza Almasi , Hamed Rezaei , Muhammad\u00a0Usama Chaudhry , and Balajee Vamanan . 2019 . Pulser: Fast Congestion Response Using Explicit Incast Notifications for Datacenter Networks ( IEEE LANMAN\u2019 19). 1\u20136. Hamidreza Almasi, Hamed Rezaei, Muhammad\u00a0Usama Chaudhry, and Balajee Vamanan. 2019. Pulser: Fast Congestion Response Using Explicit Incast Notifications for Datacenter Networks(IEEE LANMAN\u201919). 1\u20136."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Guido Appenzeller Isaac Keslassy and Nick McKeown. 2004. Sizing Router Buffers(SIGCOMM \u201904).  Guido Appenzeller Isaac Keslassy and Nick McKeown. 2004. Sizing Router Buffers(SIGCOMM \u201904).","DOI":"10.1145\/1015467.1015499"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Arista 2020. Arista 7050QX Series 10\/40G Data Center Switches. https:\/\/www.arista.com\/assets\/data\/pdf\/Datasheets\/7050QX-32_32S_Datasheet.pdf.  Arista 2020. Arista 7050QX Series 10\/40G Data Center Switches. https:\/\/www.arista.com\/assets\/data\/pdf\/Datasheets\/7050QX-32_32S_Datasheet.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Telecommunications\u00a0Industry Association. 2012. TIA standard ANSI\/TIA-942-A data center cabling standard amended.  Telecommunications\u00a0Industry Association. 2012. TIA standard ANSI\/TIA-942-A data center cabling standard amended."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Wei Bai Kai Chen Shuihai Hu Kun Tan and Yongqiang Xiong. 2017. Congestion Control for High-Speed Extremely Shallow-Buffered Datacenter Networks(APNet\u201917).  Wei Bai Kai Chen Shuihai Hu Kun Tan and Yongqiang Xiong. 2017. Congestion Control for High-Speed Extremely Shallow-Buffered Datacenter Networks(APNet\u201917).","DOI":"10.1145\/3106989.3107003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2898442.2898444"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Larry: Practical network reconfigurability in the data center(USENIX NSDI\u201918). 141\u2013156.","author":"Chatzieleftheriou Andromachi","year":"2018","unstructured":"Andromachi Chatzieleftheriou , Sergey Legtchenko , Hugh Williams , and Antony Rowstron . 2018 . Larry: Practical network reconfigurability in the data center(USENIX NSDI\u201918). 141\u2013156. Andromachi Chatzieleftheriou, Sergey Legtchenko, Hugh Williams, and Antony Rowstron. 2018. Larry: Practical network reconfigurability in the data center(USENIX NSDI\u201918). 141\u2013156."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1592681.1592693"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3098822.3098840"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/90.664262"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2408776.2408794"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Albert Greenberg 2009. VL2: a scalable and flexible data center network(SIGCOMM \u201909 4). ACM.  Albert Greenberg 2009. VL2: a scalable and flexible data center network(SIGCOMM \u201909 4). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/1592568.1592576"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1594977.1592577"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Chuanxiong Guo Haitao Wu Kun Tan Lei Shi Yongguang Zhang and Songwu Lu. 2008. Dcell: a scalable and fault-tolerant network structure for data centers. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. ACM.  Chuanxiong Guo Haitao Wu Kun Tan Lei Shi Yongguang Zhang and Songwu Lu. 2008. Dcell: a scalable and fault-tolerant network structure for data centers. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. ACM."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3098822.3098825"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Chi-Yao Hong Matthew Caesar and P.\u00a0Brighten Godfrey. 2012. Finishing flows quickly with preemptive scheduling(ACM SIGCOMM\u201912).  Chi-Yao Hong Matthew Caesar and P.\u00a0Brighten Godfrey. 2012. Finishing flows quickly with preemptive scheduling(ACM SIGCOMM\u201912).","DOI":"10.1145\/2342356.2342389"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNET.2008.923720"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1644893.1644918"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10586-019-03003-2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Fat-trees: universal networks for hardware-efficient supercomputing","volume":"34","author":"Leiserson E.","year":"1985","unstructured":"Charles\u00a0 E. Leiserson . 1985 . Fat-trees: universal networks for hardware-efficient supercomputing . IEEE Trans. Comput. 34 , 10 (Oct. 1985), 892\u2013901. Charles\u00a0E. Leiserson. 1985. Fat-trees: universal networks for hardware-efficient supercomputing. IEEE Trans. Comput. 34, 10 (Oct. 1985), 892\u2013901.","journal-title":"IEEE Trans. Comput."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","unstructured":"Vincent Liu 2015. Subways: A case for redundant inexpensive data center edge links(CoNEXT\u201915). ACM.  Vincent Liu 2015. Subways: A case for redundant inexpensive data center edge links(CoNEXT\u201915). ACM."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFCOM.2002.1019265"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Radhika Mittal 2015. TIMELY: RTT-based Congestion Control for the Datacenter(SIGCOMM \u201915). ACM.  Radhika Mittal 2015. TIMELY: RTT-based Congestion Control for the Datacenter(SIGCOMM \u201915). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2785956.2787510"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2930611.2930644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Behnam Montazeri 2018. Homa: A receiver-driven low-latency transport protocol using network priorities(SIGCOMM \u201918). ACM 221\u2013235.  Behnam Montazeri 2018. Homa: A receiver-driven low-latency transport protocol using network priorities(SIGCOMM \u201918). ACM 221\u2013235.","DOI":"10.1145\/3230543.3230564"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Niranjan Mysore [n.d.]. Portland: a scalable fault-tolerant layer 2 data center network fabric. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review Vol.\u00a039.  Niranjan Mysore [n.d.]. Portland: a scalable fault-tolerant layer 2 data center network fabric. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review Vol.\u00a039.","DOI":"10.1145\/1594977.1592575"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1921168.1921189"},{"volume-title":"ICON: Incast Congestion Control using Packet Pacing in Datacenter Networks","author":"Hamed Rezaei","key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","unstructured":"Hamed Rezaei 2019. ICON: Incast Congestion Control using Packet Pacing in Datacenter Networks ( IEEE COMSNETS) . 125\u2013132. Hamed Rezaei 2019. ICON: Incast Congestion Control using Packet Pacing in Datacenter Networks(IEEE COMSNETS). 125\u2013132."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"The CloudLab Team. Introducing CloudLab: Scientific infrastructure for advancing cloud architectures and applications. USENIX 39, 6","author":"Ricci Robert","year":"2014","unstructured":"Robert Ricci and Eric Eide . 2014. The CloudLab Team. Introducing CloudLab: Scientific infrastructure for advancing cloud architectures and applications. USENIX 39, 6 ( 2014 ). Robert Ricci and Eric Eide. 2014. The CloudLab Team. Introducing CloudLab: Scientific infrastructure for advancing cloud architectures and applications. USENIX 39, 6 (2014)."},{"volume-title":"Modeling and tools for network simulation","author":"Riley F","key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","unstructured":"George\u00a0 F Riley and Thomas\u00a0 R Henderson . 2010. The ns-3 network simulator . In Modeling and tools for network simulation . Springer , 15\u201334. George\u00a0F Riley and Thomas\u00a0R Henderson. 2010. The ns-3 network simulator. In Modeling and tools for network simulation. Springer, 15\u201334."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Arjun Roy 2015. Inside the social network\u2019s (datacenter) network. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. ACM.  Arjun Roy 2015. Inside the social network\u2019s (datacenter) network. In ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review. ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/2785956.2787472"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/INFOCOM.2015.7218374"},{"volume-title":"2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP). 88\u201398","author":"Shan D.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","unstructured":"D. Shan , F. Ren , P. Cheng , R. Shu , and C. Guo . 2018. Micro-Burst in Data Centers: Observations, Analysis, and Mitigations . In 2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP). 88\u201398 . D. Shan, F. Ren, P. Cheng, R. Shu, and C. Guo. 2018. Micro-Burst in Data Centers: Observations, Analysis, and Mitigations. In 2018 IEEE 26th International Conference on Network Protocols (ICNP). 88\u201398."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2785956.2787508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Ankit Singla 2010. Proteus: a topology malleable data center network(HotNets\u201910). ACM.  Ankit Singla 2010. Proteus: a topology malleable data center network(HotNets\u201910). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/1868447.1868455"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","unstructured":"Ankit Singla P\u00a0Brighten Godfrey and Alexandra Kolla. 2014. High throughput data center topology design(NSDI\u201914).  Ankit Singla P\u00a0Brighten Godfrey and Alexandra Kolla. 2014. High throughput data center topology design(NSDI\u201914)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","volume-title":"Jellyfish: Networking data centers randomly(NSDI\u201912).","author":"Singla Ankit","year":"2012","unstructured":"Ankit Singla , Chi-Yao Hong , Lucian Popa , and P\u00a0Brighten Godfrey . 2012 . Jellyfish: Networking data centers randomly(NSDI\u201912). Ankit Singla, Chi-Yao Hong, Lucian Popa, and P\u00a0Brighten Godfrey. 2012. Jellyfish: Networking data centers randomly(NSDI\u201912)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","unstructured":"solr 2020. Apache Solr. https:\/\/lucene.apache.org\/solr\/.  solr 2020. Apache Solr. https:\/\/lucene.apache.org\/solr\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Balajee Vamanan Jahangir Hasan and T.N. Vijaykumar. 2012. Deadline-aware Datacenter TCP (D2TCP)(SIGCOMM \u201912).  Balajee Vamanan Jahangir Hasan and T.N. Vijaykumar. 2012. Deadline-aware Datacenter TCP (D2TCP)(SIGCOMM \u201912).","DOI":"10.1145\/2342356.2342388"},{"volume-title":"Modeling and tools for network simulation","author":"Varga Andras","key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","unstructured":"Andras Varga . 2010. OMNeT++. In Modeling and tools for network simulation . Springer , 35\u201359. Andras Varga. 2010. OMNeT++. In Modeling and tools for network simulation. Springer, 35\u201359."},{"volume-title":"Better never than late: meeting deadlines in datacenter networks(SIGCOMM \u201911)","author":"Wilson Christo","key":"e_1_3_2_1_62_1","unstructured":"Christo Wilson , Hitesh Ballani , Thomas Karagiannis , and Ant Rowtron . 2011. Better never than late: meeting deadlines in datacenter networks(SIGCOMM \u201911) . ACM , New York, NY, USA . Christo Wilson, Hitesh Ballani, Thomas Karagiannis, and Ant Rowtron. 2011. Better never than late: meeting deadlines in datacenter networks(SIGCOMM \u201911). ACM, New York, NY, USA."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2592798.2592806"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Qiao Zhang Vincent Liu Hongyi Zeng and Arvind Krishnamurthy. 2017. High-resolution measurement of data center microbursts(IMC\u201917). ACM.  Qiao Zhang Vincent Liu Hongyi Zeng and Arvind Krishnamurthy. 2017. High-resolution measurement of data center microbursts(IMC\u201917). ACM.","DOI":"10.1145\/3131365.3131375"}],"event":{"name":"WWW '21: The Web Conference 2021","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web"],"location":"Ljubljana Slovenia","acronym":"WWW '21"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3442381.3449966","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3442381.3449966","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:24:44Z","timestamp":1750195484000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3442381.3449966"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"references-count":63,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3442381.3449966","10.1145\/3442381"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3442381.3449966","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,19]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-06-03","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}