{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,6]],"date-time":"2026-06-06T04:30:06Z","timestamp":1780720206590,"version":"3.54.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":31,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]],"date-time":"2021-08-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628899200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3447548.3467090","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,12]],"date-time":"2021-08-12T06:12:05Z","timestamp":1628748725000},"page":"3394-3403","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["What Happened Next? Using Deep Learning to Value Defensive Actions in Football Event-Data"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Charbel","family":"Merhej","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ryan J.","family":"Beal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tim","family":"Matthews","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Sentient Sports, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sarvapali","family":"Ramchurn","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southampton, Southampton, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_1_1","unstructured":"Alvin Almazov. [n.d.]. Clearances. http:\/\/alvin-almazov.com\/soccer-eng\/clearance\/  Alvin Almazov. [n.d.]. Clearances. http:\/\/alvin-almazov.com\/soccer-eng\/clearance\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2_1","volume-title":"Beyond Shots: A New Approach to Quantifying Scoring Opportunities. In OptaPro Analytics Forum.","author":"Altman Daniel","year":"2015","unstructured":"Daniel Altman . 2015 . Beyond Shots: A New Approach to Quantifying Scoring Opportunities. In OptaPro Analytics Forum. Daniel Altman. 2015. Beyond Shots: A New Approach to Quantifying Scoring Opportunities. In OptaPro Analytics Forum."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_3_1","volume-title":"Optimising Game Tactics for Football. International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems","author":"Beal Ryan","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ryan Beal , Georgios Chalkiadakis , Timothy J Norman , and Sarvapali D Ramchurn . 2020 . Optimising Game Tactics for Football. International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (2020). Ryan Beal, Georgios Chalkiadakis, Timothy J Norman, and Sarvapali D Ramchurn. 2020. Optimising Game Tactics for Football. International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multiagent Systems (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S0269888919000225"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_5_1","unstructured":"Benjamin Cronin. [n.d.]. An analysis of different expected goals models. https:\/\/www.pinnacle.com\/en\/betting-articles\/Soccer\/expected-goals-model-analysis\/MEP2N9VMG5CTW99D  Benjamin Cronin. [n.d.]. An analysis of different expected goals models. https:\/\/www.pinnacle.com\/en\/betting-articles\/Soccer\/expected-goals-model-analysis\/MEP2N9VMG5CTW99D"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3292500.3330758"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_7_1","unstructured":"Javier Fern\u00e1ndez Luke Bornn and Dan Cervone. 2019. Decomposing the Immeasurable Sport: A deep learning expected possession value framework for soccer. In 13 th Annual MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference.  Javier Fern\u00e1ndez Luke Bornn and Dan Cervone. 2019. Decomposing the Immeasurable Sport: A deep learning expected possession value framework for soccer. In 13 th Annual MIT Sloan Sports Analytics Conference."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_8_1","unstructured":"CIES Football and InStat. [n.d.]. CIES Football Observatory and InStat Performance Index. https:\/\/football-observatory.com\/IMG\/sites\/instatindex\/  CIES Football and InStat. [n.d.]. CIES Football Observatory and InStat Performance Index. https:\/\/football-observatory.com\/IMG\/sites\/instatindex\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_9_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web. 209--218","author":"Grossklags Jens","year":"2008","unstructured":"Jens Grossklags , Nicolas Christin , and John Chuang . 2008 . Secure or insure? A game-theoretic analysis of information security games . In Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web. 209--218 . Jens Grossklags, Nicolas Christin, and John Chuang. 2008. Secure or insure? A game-theoretic analysis of information security games. In Proceedings of the 17th international conference on World Wide Web. 209--218."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1558013.1558108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_11_1","volume-title":"Machine learning for soccer analytics","author":"Kumar Gunjan","unstructured":"Gunjan Kumar . 2013. Machine learning for soccer analytics . University of Leuven (2013) . Gunjan Kumar. 2013. Machine learning for soccer analytics. University of Leuven (2013)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2005.04.034"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.csi.2012.02.003"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_15_1","volume-title":"Proc. 8th annual mit sloan sports analytics conference. 1--9.","author":"Lucey Patrick","year":"2014","unstructured":"Patrick Lucey , Alina Bialkowski , Mathew Monfort , Peter Carr , and Iain Matthews . 2014 . quality vs quantity: Improved shot prediction in soccer using strategic features from spatiotemporal data . In Proc. 8th annual mit sloan sports analytics conference. 1--9. Patrick Lucey, Alina Bialkowski, Mathew Monfort, Peter Carr, and Iain Matthews. 2014. quality vs quantity: Improved shot prediction in soccer using strategic features from spatiotemporal data. In Proc. 8th annual mit sloan sports analytics conference. 1--9."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/01621459.1951.10500769"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ejor.2017.05.005"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_18_1","volume-title":"Leveraging statistical multi-agent online planning with emergent value function approximation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.06311","author":"Phan Thomy","year":"2018","unstructured":"Thomy Phan , Lenz Belzner , Thomas Gabor , and Kyrill Schmid . 2018. Leveraging statistical multi-agent online planning with emergent value function approximation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.06311 ( 2018 ). Thomy Phan, Lenz Belzner, Thomas Gabor, and Kyrill Schmid. 2018. Leveraging statistical multi-agent online planning with emergent value function approximation. arXiv preprint arXiv:1804.06311 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_19_1","unstructured":"Dick's pro tips. [n.d.]. Defensive Soccer Skills: Anticipating & Intercepting the Pass with Becky Sauerbrunn. https:\/\/protips.dickssportinggoods.com\/sports-and-activities\/soccer\/defensive-soccer-skills-anticipating-intercepting-pass  Dick's pro tips. [n.d.]. Defensive Soccer Skills: Anticipating & Intercepting the Pass with Becky Sauerbrunn. https:\/\/protips.dickssportinggoods.com\/sports-and-activities\/soccer\/defensive-soccer-skills-anticipating-intercepting-pass"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_20_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS). 533--541","author":"Ramchurn Sarvapali D","year":"2015","unstructured":"Sarvapali D Ramchurn , Trung Dong Huynh , Yuki Ikuno , Jack Flann , Feng Wu , Luc Moreau , Nicholas R Jennings , Joel E Fischer , Wenchao Jiang , Tom Rodden , 2015 . HAC-ER: A disaster response system based on human-agent collectives . In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS). 533--541 . Sarvapali D Ramchurn, Trung Dong Huynh, Yuki Ikuno, Jack Flann, Feng Wu, Luc Moreau, Nicholas R Jennings, Joel E Fischer, Wenchao Jiang, Tom Rodden, et al. 2015. HAC-ER: A disaster response system based on human-agent collectives. In Proceedings of the 14th International Conference on Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems (AAMAS). 533--541."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10458-015-9286-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14198\/jhse.2017.12.Proc2.05"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10618-017-0496-z"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/2413207"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_25_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence","volume":"26","author":"Shieh Eric","year":"2012","unstructured":"Eric Shieh , Bo An , Rong Yang , Milind Tambe , Craig Baldwin , Joseph DiRenzo , Ben Maule , and Garrett Meyer . 2012 . PROTECT: An application of computational game theory for the security of the ports of the United States . In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence , Vol. 26 . Eric Shieh, Bo An, Rong Yang, Milind Tambe, Craig Baldwin, Joseph DiRenzo, Ben Maule, and Garrett Meyer. 2012. PROTECT: An application of computational game theory for the security of the ports of the United States. In Proceedings of the AAAI Conference on Artificial Intelligence, Vol. 26."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_26_1","unstructured":"Karun Singh. [n.d.]. Introducing Expected Threat (xT). https:\/\/karun.in\/blog\/expected-threat.html  Karun Singh. [n.d.]. Introducing Expected Threat (xT). https:\/\/karun.in\/blog\/expected-threat.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 12th MIT sloan sports analytics conference. 1--17","author":"Spearman William","year":"2018","unstructured":"William Spearman . 2018 . Beyond expected goals . In Proceedings of the 12th MIT sloan sports analytics conference. 1--17 . William Spearman. 2018. Beyond expected goals. In Proceedings of the 12th MIT sloan sports analytics conference. 1--17."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_28_1","unstructured":"SPIFFYD. [n.d.]. Soccer Tackling Techniques: Types of Tackles. https:\/\/howtheyplay.com\/team-sports\/Soccer-tackling-techniques-Types-of-tackles  SPIFFYD. [n.d.]. Soccer Tackling Techniques: Types of Tackles. https:\/\/howtheyplay.com\/team-sports\/Soccer-tackling-techniques-Types-of-tackles"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_29_1","unstructured":"Michael St\u00f6ckl Thomas Seidl Daniel Marley and Paul Power. [n.d.]. Making Offensive Play Predictable-Using a Graph Convolutional Network to Understand Defensive Performance in Soccer. ( [n. d.]).  Michael St\u00f6ckl Thomas Seidl Daniel Marley and Paul Power. [n.d.]. Making Offensive Play Predictable-Using a Graph Convolutional Network to Understand Defensive Performance in Soccer. ( [n. d.])."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_30_1","volume-title":"Extreme learning machine for multilayer perceptron","author":"Tang Jiexiong","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jiexiong Tang , Chenwei Deng , and Guang-Bin Huang . 2015. Extreme learning machine for multilayer perceptron . IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems, Vol. 27 , 4 ( 2015 ), 809--821. Jiexiong Tang, Chenwei Deng, and Guang-Bin Huang. 2015. Extreme learning machine for multilayer perceptron. IEEE transactions on neural networks and learning systems, Vol. 27, 4 (2015), 809--821."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_31_1","unstructured":"Lim Weiyang. [n.d.]. How do you tackle in football? https:\/\/www.myactivesg.com\/Sports\/Football\/Training-Methods\/Football-for-Beginners\/How-to-tackle-in-football#: :text=There%20are%202%20types%20of known%20as%20the%20sliding%20tackle.  Lim Weiyang. [n.d.]. How do you tackle in football? https:\/\/www.myactivesg.com\/Sports\/Football\/Training-Methods\/Football-for-Beginners\/How-to-tackle-in-football#: :text=There%20are%202%20types%20of known%20as%20the%20sliding%20tackle."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_32_1","unstructured":"Tom Worville. [n.d.]. Underlying stats stars of 2020: Giroud Lloris Buendia Rice -- and Leeds. https:\/\/theathletic.com\/2280965\/2020\/12\/31\/analytics-review-giroud-lloris-rice-leeds\/  Tom Worville. [n.d.]. Underlying stats stars of 2020: Giroud Lloris Buendia Rice -- and Leeds. https:\/\/theathletic.com\/2280965\/2020\/12\/31\/analytics-review-giroud-lloris-rice-leeds\/"}],"event":{"name":"KDD '21: The 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery and Data Mining","location":"Virtual Event Singapore","acronym":"KDD '21","sponsor":["SIGMOD ACM Special Interest Group on Management of Data","SIGKDD ACM Special Interest Group on Knowledge Discovery in Data"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 27th ACM SIGKDD Conference on Knowledge Discovery & Data Mining"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3447548.3467090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3447548.3467090","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:28:04Z","timestamp":1750195684000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3447548.3467090"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3447548.3467090","10.1145\/3447548"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3447548.3467090","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-08-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}