{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T10:39:28Z","timestamp":1774694368913,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":47,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]],"date-time":"2021-10-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1635120000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Key-Area Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province","award":["2020B0101390001, 2020B010164001"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020B0101390001, 2020B010164001"]}]},{"name":"Alibaba Group through Alibaba Innovation Research Program"},{"name":"National Key R&D Program of China","award":["2019YFB2102200"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2019YFB2102200"]}]},{"name":"China NSF","award":["62002150, 62025204, 61972252"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62002150, 62025204, 61972252"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3447993.3483243","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,26]],"date-time":"2021-10-26T09:00:31Z","timestamp":1635238831000},"page":"283-295","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["SMART"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Zimo","family":"Liao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zhicheng","family":"Luo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qianyi","family":"Huang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern University of Science and Technology and Peng Cheng Laboratory"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Linfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tsinghua University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Shanghai Jiao Tong University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hong Kong University of Science and Technology"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Southern University of Science and Technology and Peng Cheng Laboratory"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2018. Introduction and use of Android Framebuffer. https:\/\/kaustav.space\/2018-09-22\/introduction-to-android-framebuffer  2018. Introduction and use of Android Framebuffer. https:\/\/kaustav.space\/2018-09-22\/introduction-to-android-framebuffer"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2019. APDS-9253-001. https:\/\/docs.broadcom.com\/docs\/APDS-9253-001-DS  2019. APDS-9253-001. https:\/\/docs.broadcom.com\/docs\/APDS-9253-001-DS"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2019. Google project soli. https:\/\/www.google.com\/atap\/project-soli\/  2019. Google project soli. https:\/\/www.google.com\/atap\/project-soli\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2021. Camera2. https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/camera2  2021. Camera2. https:\/\/developer.android.com\/training\/camera2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"CIE 1931 color space. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CIE_1931_color_space","unstructured":"2021. CIE 1931 color space. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CIE_1931_color_space 2021. CIE 1931 color space. https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/CIE_1931_color_space"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"2021. Google pixel 4. https:\/\/store.google.com\/product\/pixel_4a  2021. Google pixel 4. https:\/\/store.google.com\/product\/pixel_4a"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"2021. Huawei mate30. https:\/\/consumer.huawei.com\/en\/phones\/mate30\/  2021. Huawei mate30. https:\/\/consumer.huawei.com\/en\/phones\/mate30\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"2021. Leap Motion . https:\/\/www.leapmotion.com\/  2021. Leap Motion . https:\/\/www.leapmotion.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"2021. LG G8 ThinQ. https:\/\/www.lg.com\/us\/cell-phones\/lg-LMG820UM1-att-g8-thinq  2021. LG G8 ThinQ. https:\/\/www.lg.com\/us\/cell-phones\/lg-LMG820UM1-att-g8-thinq"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"2021. Measuring Device Power. https:\/\/source.android.com\/devices\/tech\/power\/device  2021. Measuring Device Power. https:\/\/source.android.com\/devices\/tech\/power\/device"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Smartphone unit shipments worldwide by screen size from 2018 to","year":"2022","unstructured":"2021. Smartphone unit shipments worldwide by screen size from 2018 to 2022 . https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/684294\/global-smartphone-shipments-by-screen-size\/ 2021. Smartphone unit shipments worldwide by screen size from 2018 to 2022. https:\/\/www.statista.com\/statistics\/684294\/global-smartphone-shipments-by-screen-size\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"2021. TSL2540 Ambient Light Sensor. https:\/\/ams.com\/zh\/tsl2540  2021. TSL2540 Ambient Light Sensor. https:\/\/ams.com\/zh\/tsl2540"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"2021. TSL2740 Ambient Light Sensor. https:\/\/ams.com\/tsl2740  2021. TSL2740 Ambient Light Sensor. https:\/\/ams.com\/tsl2740"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Wigest: A ubiquitous wifi-based gesture recognition system.","author":"Abdelnasser Heba","year":"2015","unstructured":"Heba Abdelnasser , Moustafa Youssef , and Khaled A Harras . 2015 . Wigest: A ubiquitous wifi-based gesture recognition system. (2015), 1472--1480. Heba Abdelnasser, Moustafa Youssef, and Khaled A Harras. 2015. Wigest: A ubiquitous wifi-based gesture recognition system. (2015), 1472--1480."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/5.554222"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208331"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Acm Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology.","author":"Izadi S.","unstructured":"S. Izadi , D. Kim , O. Hilliges , D. Molyneaux , and Andrew W. Fitzgibbon . 2011. KinectFusion: real-time 3D reconstruction and interaction using a moving depth camera . In Acm Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology. S. Izadi, D. Kim, O. Hilliges, D. Molyneaux, and Andrew W. Fitzgibbon. 2011. KinectFusion: real-time 3D reconstruction and interaction using a moving depth camera. In Acm Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"IEEE INFOCOM","author":"Izz M.","year":"2016","unstructured":"M. Izz , Z. Li , H. Liu , Y. Chen , and F. Li . 2016. Uber-in-light: Unobtrusive visible light communication leveraging complementary color channel . In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 . M. Izz, Z. Li, H. Liu, Y. Chen, and F. Li. 2016. Uber-in-light: Unobtrusive visible light communication leveraging complementary color channel. In IEEE INFOCOM 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Usenix Conference on Networked Systems Design & Implementation.","author":"Kellogg B.","unstructured":"B. Kellogg , V. Talla , and S. Gollakota . 2014. Bringing gesture recognition to all devices . In Usenix Conference on Networked Systems Design & Implementation. B. Kellogg, V. Talla, and S. Gollakota. 2014. Bringing gesture recognition to all devices. In Usenix Conference on Networked Systems Design & Implementation."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Epsilon: A Visible Light Based Positioning System","author":"Li L.","year":"2014","unstructured":"L. Li , P. Hu , C. Peng , J. Shen , and A. F. Zhao . 2014 . Epsilon: A Visible Light Based Positioning System . USENIX Association ( 2014). L. Li, P. Hu, C. Peng, J. Shen, and A. F. Zhao. 2014. Epsilon: A Visible Light Based Positioning System. USENIX Association (2014)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2789168.2790110"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2742647.2742667"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3081016.3081027"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Reconstructing hand poses using visible light","volume":"1","author":"Li Tianxing","year":"2017","unstructured":"Tianxing Li , Xi Xiong , Yifei Xie , George Hito , Xing-Dong Yang , and Xia Zhou . 2017 . Reconstructing hand poses using visible light . Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 1 , 3 (2017), 1 -- 20 . Tianxing Li, Xi Xiong, Yifei Xie, George Hito, Xing-Dong Yang, and Xia Zhou. 2017. Reconstructing hand poses using visible light. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies 1, 3 (2017), 1--20.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3242587.3242635"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3300061.3300129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications.","author":"Nguyen V.","unstructured":"V. Nguyen , Y. Tang , A. Ashok , M. Gruteser , and N. Mandayam . 2016. High-rate flicker-free screen-camera communication with spatially adaptive embedding . In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications. V. Nguyen, Y. Tang, A. Ashok, M. Gruteser, and N. Mandayam. 2016. High-rate flicker-free screen-camera communication with spatially adaptive embedding. In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - The 35th Annual IEEE International Conference on Computer Communications."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Acm International Joint Conference on Pervasive & Ubiquitous Computing.","author":"Ruan W.","unstructured":"W. Ruan , Q. Z. Sheng , Y. Lei , G. Tao , and L. Shangguan . 2016. AudioGest: enabling fine-grained hand gesture detection by decoding echo signal . In Acm International Joint Conference on Pervasive & Ubiquitous Computing. W. Ruan, Q. Z. Sheng, Y. Lei, G. Tao, and L. Shangguan. 2016. AudioGest: enabling fine-grained hand gesture detection by decoding echo signal. In Acm International Joint Conference on Pervasive & Ubiquitous Computing."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Acm Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 3633--3642","author":"Sharp T.","unstructured":"T. Sharp , Y. Wei , D Freedman , P. Kohli , E. Krupka , A. Fitzgibbon , S. Izadi , C. Keskin , D Robertson , and J. Taylor . 2015. Accurate, Robust, and Flexible Realtime Hand Tracking . In Acm Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 3633--3642 . T. Sharp, Y. Wei, D Freedman, P. Kohli, E. Krupka, A. Fitzgibbon, S. Izadi, C. Keskin, D Robertson, and J. Taylor. 2015. Accurate, Robust, and Flexible Realtime Hand Tracking. In Acm Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems. 3633--3642."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2789168.2790129"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3191772"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Position and Orientation Agnostic Gesture Recognition Using WiFi. International Conference on Mobile Systems","author":"Virmani A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Virmani and M. Shahzad . 2017 . Position and Orientation Agnostic Gesture Recognition Using WiFi. International Conference on Mobile Systems ( 2017 ). A. Virmani and M. Shahzad. 2017. Position and Orientation Agnostic Gesture Recognition Using WiFi. International Conference on Mobile Systems (2017)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications.","author":"Wan D","unstructured":"D Wan , J. C. Liando , and L. Mo . 2016. SoftLight: Adaptive visible light communication over screen-camera links .. In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. D Wan, J. C. Liando, and L. Mo. 2016. SoftLight: Adaptive visible light communication over screen-camera links.. In IEEE INFOCOM 2016 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","volume-title":"13th ACM Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services.","author":"Wang A.","unstructured":"A. Wang , Z. Li , C. Peng , Guobin Shen , and Z. Bing . 2015. InFrame++: Achieve Simultaneous Screen-Human Viewing and Hidden Screen-Camera Communication . In 13th ACM Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services. A. Wang, Z. Li, C. Peng, Guobin Shen, and Z. Bing. 2015. InFrame++: Achieve Simultaneous Screen-Human Viewing and Hidden Screen-Camera Communication. In 13th ACM Annual International Conference on Mobile Systems, Applications, and Services."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Acm Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology.","author":"Wang R. Y.","unstructured":"R. Y. Wang , S. Paris , and J. Popovic . 2011. 6D Hands: Markerless Hand Tracking for Computer Aided Design . In Acm Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology. R. Y. Wang, S. Paris, and J. Popovic. 2011. 6D Hands: Markerless Hand Tracking for Computer Aided Design. In Acm Symposium on User Interface Software & Technology."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"IEEE INFOCOM 2019 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications.","author":"Wang Z.","unstructured":"Z. Wang , Z. Yang , Q. Huang , L. Yang , and Q. Zhang . 2019. ALS-P: Light Weight Visible Light Positioning via Ambient Light Sensor . In IEEE INFOCOM 2019 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications. Z. Wang, Z. Yang, Q. Huang, L. Yang, and Q. Zhang. 2019. ALS-P: Light Weight Visible Light Positioning via Ambient Light Sensor. In IEEE INFOCOM 2019 - IEEE Conference on Computer Communications."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"International Conference on Mobile Computing & Networking.","author":"Wei W.","unstructured":"W. Wei , A. X. Liu , and S. Ke . 2016. Device-free gesture tracking using acoustic signals . In International Conference on Mobile Computing & Networking. W. Wei, A. X. Liu, and S. Ke. 2016. Device-free gesture tracking using acoustic signals. In International Conference on Mobile Computing & Networking."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3287077"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","author":"Yang Z.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Z. Yang , J Zhang , Z. Wang , and Z. Qian . 2018. Lightweight Display-to-device Communication Using Electromagnetic Radiation and FM Radio . Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies ( 2018 ). Z. Yang, J Zhang, Z. Wang, and Z. Qian. 2018. Lightweight Display-to-device Communication Using Electromagnetic Radiation and FM Radio. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies","author":"Yu N.","year":"2018","unstructured":"N. Yu , W. Wang , A. Liu , and L. Kong . 2018. QGesture: Quantifying Gesture Distance and Direction with WiFi Signals . Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies ( 2018 ). N. Yu, W. Wang, A. Liu, and L. Kong. 2018. QGesture: Quantifying Gesture Distance and Direction with WiFi Signals. Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Strata: Fine-Grained Acoustic-based Device-Free Tracking. In International Conference on Mobile Systems.","author":"Yun S.","unstructured":"S. Yun , Y. C. Chen , H. Zheng , L. Qiu , and W. Mao . 2017 . Strata: Fine-Grained Acoustic-based Device-Free Tracking. In International Conference on Mobile Systems. S. Yun, Y. C. Chen, H. Zheng, L. Qiu, and W. Mao. 2017. Strata: Fine-Grained Acoustic-based Device-Free Tracking. In International Conference on Mobile Systems."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2789168.2790115"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2973750.2985612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3117811.3117821"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking.","author":"Zhang K.","unstructured":"K. Zhang , C. Wu , C. Yang , Y. Zhao , and Z. Yang . 2018. ChromaCode: A Fully Imperceptible Screen-Camera Communication System . In Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking. K. Zhang, C. Wu, C. Yang, Y. Zhao, and Z. Yang. 2018. ChromaCode: A Fully Imperceptible Screen-Camera Communication System. In Proceedings of the 22nd Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2789168.2790106"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3307334.3326081"}],"event":{"name":"ACM MobiCom '21: The 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","location":"New Orleans Louisiana","acronym":"ACM MobiCom '21","sponsor":["SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 27th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3447993.3483243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3447993.3483243","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:49:11Z","timestamp":1750193351000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3447993.3483243"}},"subtitle":["screen-based gesture recognition on commodity mobile devices"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]]},"references-count":47,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3447993.3483243","10.1145\/3447993"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3447993.3483243","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-10-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}