{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:20:45Z","timestamp":1750220445349,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":31,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]],"date-time":"2021-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1610582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China award number","award":["61771180"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61771180"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["61876056"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["61876056"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3448218.3448222","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]],"date-time":"2021-02-15T14:30:13Z","timestamp":1613399413000},"page":"100-104","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Networks Ensemble for Multi-modal Cross-ethnicity Face Anti-spoofing"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Cuiqun","family":"Chen","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Meibin","family":"Qi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Casia-surf cefa: A benchmark for multi-modal cross-ethnicity face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.05136","author":"Li Ajian","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ajian Li , Zichang Tan , Xuan Li , Jun Wan , Sergio Escalera , Guodong Guo , and Stan Z Li . Casia-surf cefa: A benchmark for multi-modal cross-ethnicity face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.05136 , 2020 . Ajian Li, Zichang Tan, Xuan Li, Jun Wan, Sergio Escalera, Guodong Guo, and Stan Z Li. Casia-surf cefa: A benchmark for multi-modal cross-ethnicity face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:2003.05136, 2020."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.patcog.2018.08.019"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","first-page":"10023","volume-title":"Multi-adversarial discriminative deep domain generalization for face presentation attack detection","author":"Shao Rui","year":"2019","unstructured":"Rui Shao , Xiangyuan Lan , Jiawei Li , and Pong C Yuen . Multi-adversarial discriminative deep domain generalization for face presentation attack detection . pages 10023 -- 10031 , 2019 . Rui Shao, Xiangyuan Lan, Jiawei Li, and Pong C Yuen. Multi-adversarial discriminative deep domain generalization for face presentation attack detection. pages 10023--10031, 2019."},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","first-page":"141","article-title":"Face antispoofing using speeded-up robust features and fisher vector encoding","volume":"24","author":"Boulkenafet Zinelabidine","year":"2016","unstructured":"Zinelabidine Boulkenafet , Jukka Komulainen , and Abdenour Hadid . Face antispoofing using speeded-up robust features and fisher vector encoding . IEEE Signal Processing Letters , 24 ( 2 ): 141 -- 145 , 2016 . Zinelabidine Boulkenafet, Jukka Komulainen, and Abdenour Hadid. Face antispoofing using speeded-up robust features and fisher vector encoding. IEEE Signal Processing Letters, 24(2):141--145, 2016.","journal-title":"IEEE Signal Processing Letters"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/tifs.2016.2555286"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Secure face unlock: Spoof detection on smartphones","author":"Patel Keyurkumar","year":"2016","unstructured":"Keyurkumar Patel , Hu Han , and Anil K Jain . Secure face unlock: Spoof detection on smartphones . IEEE transactions on information forensics and security, 11(10):2268--2283, 2016 . Keyurkumar Patel, Hu Han, and Anil K Jain. Secure face unlock: Spoof detection on smartphones. IEEE transactions on information forensics and security, 11(10):2268--2283, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2400395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","first-page":"4244","volume-title":"Generalized face anti-spoofing by detecting pulse from face videos","author":"Li Xiaobai","year":"2016","unstructured":"Xiaobai Li , Jukka Komulainen , Guoying Zhao , Pong-Chi Yuen , and Matti Pietik\u00e4inen . Generalized face anti-spoofing by detecting pulse from face videos . pages 4244 -- 4249 , 2016 . Xiaobai Li, Jukka Komulainen, Guoying Zhao, Pong-Chi Yuen, and Matti Pietik\u00e4inen. Generalized face anti-spoofing by detecting pulse from face videos. pages 4244--4249, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIFS.2015.2406533"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"1035","volume-title":"Face anti-spoofing with multifeature videolet aggregation","author":"Siddiqui Talha Ahmad","year":"2016","unstructured":"Talha Ahmad Siddiqui , Samarth Bharadwaj , Tejas I Dhamecha , Akshay Agarwal , Mayank Vatsa , Richa Singh , and Nalini Ratha . Face anti-spoofing with multifeature videolet aggregation . pages 1035 -- 1040 , 2016 . Talha Ahmad Siddiqui, Samarth Bharadwaj, Tejas I Dhamecha, Akshay Agarwal, Mayank Vatsa, Richa Singh, and Nalini Ratha. Face anti-spoofing with multifeature videolet aggregation. pages 1035--1040, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"389","volume-title":"Learning deep models for face anti-spoofing: Binary or auxiliary supervision","author":"Liu Yaojie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Yaojie Liu , Amin Jourabloo , and Xiaoming Liu . Learning deep models for face anti-spoofing: Binary or auxiliary supervision . pages 389 -- 398 , 2018 . Yaojie Liu, Amin Jourabloo, and Xiaoming Liu. Learning deep models for face anti-spoofing: Binary or auxiliary supervision. pages 389--398, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","first-page":"0","volume-title":"Recognizing multi-modal face spoofing with face recognition networks","author":"Parkin Aleksandr","year":"2019","unstructured":"Aleksandr Parkin and Oleg Grinchuk . Recognizing multi-modal face spoofing with face recognition networks . pages 0 -- 0 , 2019 . Aleksandr Parkin and Oleg Grinchuk. Recognizing multi-modal face spoofing with face recognition networks. pages 0--0, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","first-page":"0","volume-title":"Facebagnet: Bag-of-local-features model for multi-modal face anti-spoofing","author":"Shen Tao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Tao Shen , Yuyu Huang , and Zhijun Tong . Facebagnet: Bag-of-local-features model for multi-modal face anti-spoofing . pages 0 -- 0 , 2019 . Tao Shen, Yuyu Huang, and Zhijun Tong. Facebagnet: Bag-of-local-features model for multi-modal face anti-spoofing. pages 0--0, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","first-page":"0","volume-title":"Feathernets: Convolutional neural networks as light as feather for face anti-spoofing","author":"Zhang Peng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Peng Zhang , Fuhao Zou , Zhiwen Wu , Nengli Dai , Skarpness Mark , Michael Fu , Juan Zhao , and Kai Li . Feathernets: Convolutional neural networks as light as feather for face anti-spoofing . pages 0 -- 0 , 2019 . Peng Zhang, Fuhao Zou, Zhiwen Wu, Nengli Dai, Skarpness Mark, Michael Fu, Juan Zhao, and Kai Li. Feathernets: Convolutional neural networks as light as feather for face anti-spoofing. pages 0--0, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","first-page":"919","volume-title":"A dataset and benchmark for large-scale multi-modal face anti-spoofing","author":"Zhang Shifeng","year":"2019","unstructured":"Shifeng Zhang , Xiaobo Wang , Ajian Liu , Chenxu Zhao , Jun Wan , Sergio Escalera , Hailin Shi , Zezheng Wang , and Stan Z Li . A dataset and benchmark for large-scale multi-modal face anti-spoofing . pages 919 -- 928 , 2019 . Shifeng Zhang, Xiaobo Wang, Ajian Liu, Chenxu Zhao, Jun Wan, Sergio Escalera, Hailin Shi, Zezheng Wang, and Stan Z Li. A dataset and benchmark for large-scale multi-modal face anti-spoofing. pages 919--928, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Exploiting temporal and depth information for multi-frame face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.05118","author":"Wang Zezheng","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zezheng Wang , Chenxu Zhao , Yunxiao Qin , Qiusheng Zhou , Guojun Qi , Jun Wan , and Zhen Lei . Exploiting temporal and depth information for multi-frame face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.05118 , 2018 . Zezheng Wang, Chenxu Zhao, Yunxiao Qin, Qiusheng Zhou, Guojun Qi, Jun Wan, and Zhen Lei. Exploiting temporal and depth information for multi-frame face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.05118, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"290","volume-title":"Face de-spoofing: Anti-spoofing via noise modeling","author":"Jourabloo Amin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Amin Jourabloo , Yaojie Liu , and Xiaoming Liu . Face de-spoofing: Anti-spoofing via noise modeling . pages 290 -- 306 , 2018 . Amin Jourabloo, Yaojie Liu, and Xiaoming Liu. Face de-spoofing: Anti-spoofing via noise modeling. pages 290--306, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","first-page":"141","volume-title":"Learning temporal features using lstm-cnn architecture for face anti-spoofing","author":"Xu Zhenqi","year":"2015","unstructured":"Zhenqi Xu , Shan Li , and Weihong Deng . Learning temporal features using lstm-cnn architecture for face anti-spoofing . pages 141 -- 145 , 2015 . Zhenqi Xu, Shan Li, and Weihong Deng. Learning temporal features using lstm-cnn architecture for face anti-spoofing. pages 141--145, 2015."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","first-page":"4680","volume-title":"Deep tree learning for zero-shot face anti-spoofing","author":"Liu Yaojie","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yaojie Liu , Joel Stehouwer , Amin Jourabloo , and Xiaoming Liu . Deep tree learning for zero-shot face anti-spoofing . pages 4680 -- 4689 , 2019 . Yaojie Liu, Joel Stehouwer, Amin Jourabloo, and Xiaoming Liu. Deep tree learning for zero-shot face anti-spoofing. pages 4680--4689, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Enhance the motion cues for face anti-spoofing using cnn-lstm architecture. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05635","author":"Tu Xiaoguang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiaoguang Tu , Hengsheng Zhang , Mei Xie , Yao Luo , Yuefei Zhang , and Zheng Ma . Enhance the motion cues for face anti-spoofing using cnn-lstm architecture. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05635 , 2019 . Xiaoguang Tu, Hengsheng Zhang, Mei Xie, Yao Luo, Yuefei Zhang, and Zheng Ma. Enhance the motion cues for face anti-spoofing using cnn-lstm architecture. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05635, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Learning generalizable and identity-discriminative representations for face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05602","author":"Tu Xiaoguang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiaoguang Tu , Jian Zhao , Mei Xie , Guodong Du , Hengsheng Zhang , Jianshu Li , Zheng Ma , and Jiashi Feng . Learning generalizable and identity-discriminative representations for face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05602 , 2019 . Xiaoguang Tu, Jian Zhao, Mei Xie, Guodong Du, Hengsheng Zhang, Jianshu Li, Zheng Ma, and Jiashi Feng. Learning generalizable and identity-discriminative representations for face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05602, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Learning generalizable and identity-discriminative representations for face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05602","author":"Tu Xiaoguang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiaoguang Tu , Jian Zhao , Mei Xie , Guodong Du , Hengsheng Zhang , Jianshu Li , Zheng Ma , and Jiashi Feng . Learning generalizable and identity-discriminative representations for face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05602 , 2019 . Xiaoguang Tu, Jian Zhao, Mei Xie, Guodong Du, Hengsheng Zhang, Jianshu Li, Zheng Ma, and Jiashi Feng. Learning generalizable and identity-discriminative representations for face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.05602, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Exploring hypergraph representation on face anti-spoofing beyond 2d attacks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.11594","author":"Hu Wei","year":"2018","unstructured":"Wei Hu , Gusi Te , Ju He , Dong Chen , and Zongming Guo . Exploring hypergraph representation on face anti-spoofing beyond 2d attacks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.11594 , 2018 . Wei Hu, Gusi Te, Ju He, Dong Chen, and Zongming Guo. Exploring hypergraph representation on face anti-spoofing beyond 2d attacks. arXiv preprint arXiv:1811.11594, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Meta anti-spoofing: Learning to learn in face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.12490","author":"Zhao Chenxu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Chenxu Zhao , Yunxiao Qin , Zezheng Wang , Tianyu Fu , and Hailin Shi . Meta anti-spoofing: Learning to learn in face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.12490 , 2019 . Chenxu Zhao, Yunxiao Qin, Zezheng Wang, Tianyu Fu, and Hailin Shi. Meta anti-spoofing: Learning to learn in face anti-spoofing. arXiv preprint arXiv:1904.12490, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"0","volume-title":"Deep anomaly detection for generalized face anti-spoofing","author":"P\u00e9rez-Cabo Daniel","year":"2019","unstructured":"Daniel P\u00e9rez-Cabo , David Jim\u00e9nez-Cabello , Artur Costa-Pazo , and Roberto J L\u00f3pez-Sastre . Deep anomaly detection for generalized face anti-spoofing . pages 0 -- 0 , 2019 . Daniel P\u00e9rez-Cabo, David Jim\u00e9nez-Cabello, Artur Costa-Pazo, and Roberto J L\u00f3pez-Sastre. Deep anomaly detection for generalized face anti-spoofing. pages 0--0, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","first-page":"3507","volume-title":"Face anti-spoofing: Model matters, so does data","author":"Yang Xiao","year":"2019","unstructured":"Xiao Yang , Wenhan Luo , Linchao Bao , Yuan Gao , Dihong Gong , Shibao Zheng , Zhifeng Li , and Wei Liu . Face anti-spoofing: Model matters, so does data . pages 3507 -- 3516 , 2019 . Xiao Yang, Wenhan Luo, Linchao Bao, Yuan Gao, Dihong Gong, Shibao Zheng, Zhifeng Li, and Wei Liu. Face anti-spoofing: Model matters, so does data. pages 3507--3516, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","first-page":"770","volume-title":"Deep residual learning for image recognition","author":"He Kaiming","year":"2016","unstructured":"Kaiming He , Xiangyu Zhang , Shaoqing Ren , and Jian Sun . Deep residual learning for image recognition . pages 770 -- 778 , 2016 . Kaiming He, Xiangyu Zhang, Shaoqing Ren, and Jian Sun. Deep residual learning for image recognition. pages 770--778, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"7132","volume-title":"Squeeze-and-excitation networks","author":"Hu Jie","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jie Hu , Li Shen , and Gang Sun . Squeeze-and-excitation networks . pages 7132 -- 7141 , 2018 . Jie Hu, Li Shen, and Gang Sun. Squeeze-and-excitation networks. pages 7132--7141, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","first-page":"4690","volume-title":"Arcface: Additive angular margin loss for deep face recognition","author":"Deng Jiankang","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jiankang Deng , Jia Guo , Niannan Xue , and Stefanos Zafeiriou . Arcface: Additive angular margin loss for deep face recognition . pages 4690 -- 4699 , 2019 . Jiankang Deng, Jia Guo, Niannan Xue, and Stefanos Zafeiriou. Arcface: Additive angular margin loss for deep face recognition. pages 4690--4699, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980","author":"Kingma Diederik P","year":"2014","unstructured":"Diederik P Kingma and Jimmy Ba . Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980 , 2014 . Diederik P Kingma and Jimmy Ba. Adam: A method for stochastic optimization. arXiv preprint arXiv:1412.6980, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Sgdr: Stochastic gradient descent with warm restarts. arXiv preprint arXiv:1608.03983","author":"Loshchilov Ilya","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ilya Loshchilov and Frank Hutter . Sgdr: Stochastic gradient descent with warm restarts. arXiv preprint arXiv:1608.03983 , 2016 . Ilya Loshchilov and Frank Hutter. Sgdr: Stochastic gradient descent with warm restarts. arXiv preprint arXiv:1608.03983, 2016."}],"event":{"name":"CCEAI 2021: 5th International Conference on Control Engineering and Artificial Intelligence","sponsor":["York University"],"location":"Sanya China","acronym":"CCEAI 2021"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Control Engineering and Artificial Intelligence"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3448218.3448222","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3448218.3448222","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:47:40Z","timestamp":1750193260000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3448218.3448222"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"references-count":31,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3448218.3448222","10.1145\/3448218"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3448218.3448222","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-02-15","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}