{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,29]],"date-time":"2026-04-29T13:58:45Z","timestamp":1777471125694,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":45,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]],"date-time":"2021-03-08T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1615161600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3448696.3448701","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]],"date-time":"2021-07-08T13:59:09Z","timestamp":1625752749000},"page":"52-64","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Interactive Survey Design Using Pidgin and GIFS"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Oluwatoyin","family":"Hannah Ajilore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ibadan, Nigeria"}]},{"given":"Lauretta","family":"Eloho Malaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ibadan, Nigeria"}]},{"given":"Aderonke","family":"Busayo Sakpere","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Ibadan, Nigeria"}]},{"given":"Ayomiposi","family":"Grace Oluwadebi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Osun State University, Nigeria"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,8]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"37","volume-title":"The Influence of Language on Research Results. Management Research and Practice.Vol. 4 Issue 2","author":"Abu-Shanab E.","year":"2013","unstructured":"Abu-Shanab, E. & Nor, K. (2013). The Influence of Language on Research Results. Management Research and Practice.Vol. 4 Issue 2 pp. 37-48"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.24251\/HICSS.2018.427"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3283458.3283460"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Principles Techniques and Practice in Administration and Management","author":"Anugwom G. A.","year":"2007","unstructured":"Anugwom, G. A. (2007). Principles Techniques and Practice in Administration and Management, Enugu Books.\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2016 chi conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 575-586)","author":"Bakshi S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Bakshi, S., Shamma, D.A., Kennedy, L., Song, Y., Juan, P. & Kaye, J.J. (2016). Fast, Cheap, Good: Why Animated GIFs Engage Us. In Proceedings of the 2016 chi conference on human factors in computing systems (pp. 575-586)."},{"issue":"5","key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","first-page":"90","article-title":"In defense of Nigerian pidgin","volume":"4","author":"Balogun T.A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Balogun, T.A. (2012). In defense of Nigerian pidgin. Journal of Languages and Culture. Vol. 4(5), pp. 90-98","journal-title":"Journal of Languages and Culture."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0894439318791515"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"185","DOI":"10.4135\/9781544307725","volume-title":"Survey research. Research methods in education","author":"Check J.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Check, J. & Schutt, R. K. (2012). Survey research. Research methods in education. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications;pp. 159\u2013185.\u00a0"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/poq\/nfh013"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-5371(72)80001-X"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"268","article-title":"Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology.","volume":"104","author":"Craik F.I.M.","year":"1975","unstructured":"Craik, F.I.M. & Tulving, E. (1975). Depth of processing and the retention of words in episodic memory. Journal of Experimental Psychology.General, 104, 268-294","journal-title":"General"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2347635.2347653"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/J.CHB.2007.04.004"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10548408.2013.827546"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1108\/10662240510590360"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"NordiCHI '14: proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational, Association for Survey Computing","author":"Harms J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Harms, J., Biegler, S., Wimmer, C., Kappe, K. & Grechenig, T. (2014). \u2018Gamification of online surveys: design process, case study, and evaluation\u2019, NordiCHI '14: proceedings of the 8th Nordic Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Fun, Fast, Foundational, Association for Survey Computing, Berkeley, England."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Influence of Pictures on Word Recognition. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 430","author":"Hazamy A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Hazamy, A. (2009). Influence of Pictures on Word Recognition. Electronic Theses and Dissertations. 430. Georgian Southern University. Masters\u2019 Dissertation. https:\/\/digitalcommons.georgiasouthern.edu\/etd\/430"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/scientificamerican0960-88"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3758\/MC.36.7.1351"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"k. (2017). Forget Words, a Lot of Millennials Say GIFs and Emojis Communicate Their Thoughts Better Than English. Published online on TIME Magazine. Retrieved on 20 th","author":"Steinmetz","year":"2020","unstructured":"Steinmetz, k. (2017). Forget Words, a Lot of Millennials Say GIFs and Emojis Communicate Their Thoughts Better Than English. Published online on TIME Magazine. Retrieved on 20 th August, 2020. https:\/\/time.com\/4834112\/millennials-gifs-emojis\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Azuike MN (ed.) Studies in Language and Literature. Lagos: Joel Publishers.","author":"Illah E.","year":"2001","unstructured":"Illah, E. (2001). Re-Reading Pidgin Literature: The Neo-Colonialist Construct, Azuike MN (ed.) Studies in Language and Literature. Lagos: Joel Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Designing a Questionnaire. NCBI. Malays Fam Physician","author":"Jenn N. C.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Jenn, N. C. (2006). Designing a Questionnaire. NCBI. Malays Fam Physician; 1(1): 32\u201335."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Pidgin English Usage and Meaning. Placement In Select Pidgin English Program On Radio \u201cDem Say Dem Say","author":"John-Sini G. K.","year":"2016","unstructured":"John-Sini, G. K. (2016). Pidgin English Usage and Meaning. Placement In Select Pidgin English Program On Radio \u201cDem Say Dem Say\u201d on Wazobia FM. AUN Digital Repository.http:\/\/hdl.handle.net\/123456789\/455"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/intqhc\/mzg031"},{"issue":"12","key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"93","article-title":"The Role of Effective Communication in Strategic Management of Organizations","volume":"6","author":"Kelvin-Iloafu L. E.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Kelvin-Iloafu, L. E. (2017). The Role of Effective Communication in Strategic Management of Organizations. International Journal of Humanities and Social Science. 6(12):93-99","journal-title":"International Journal of Humanities and Social Science."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"The importance of recognizing the expanding boundaries of literacy. Reading Online","author":"Kinzer C. K.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Kinzer, C. K. (2003). The importance of recognizing the expanding boundaries of literacy. Reading Online."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"The Psychology of Verbal Communication.\u00a0 International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (edited by N. Smelser & P. Baltes)","author":"Krauss R.M.","year":"2002","unstructured":"Krauss, R.M. (2002). The Psychology of Verbal Communication.\u00a0 International Encyclopedia of the Social and Behavioral Sciences (edited by N. Smelser & P. Baltes)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"R. B. Ruddell & N","author":"Leu D. J.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Leu, D. J., Kinzer, C. K., Coiro, J. & Cammack, D. (2004). Toward a theory of new literacies emerging from the Internet and other information and communication technologies. In R. B. Ruddell & N. Unrau (Eds.), Theoretical models and processes of reading (5th ed., pp. 1568\u20131611). Newark, DE: International Reading Association","edition":"5"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/107769909907600211"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Picture Superiority Effect'. In. Universal Principles of Design 1","author":"Lidwell W.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Lidwell, W., Holden, K., & Butler, J. (2009). 'Picture Superiority Effect'. In. Universal Principles of Design 1. 1st edition. London: Rockport Publishing, 2003, 184\u2013185.","edition":"1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"\u00a0 Can more pictures bring more readership?: An examination of the \u201cPicture superiority effect","author":"Ma Y.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Ma, Y. (2016).\u00a0 Can more pictures bring more readership?: An examination of the \u201cPicture superiority effect\u201d in the news consumption process. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences. 236. Pgs 34 \u2013 38"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"Designing a qualitative study. The SAGE handbook of applied social research methods, 2, 214-253","author":"Maxwell J. A.","year":"2008","unstructured":"Maxwell, J. A. (2008). Designing a qualitative study. The SAGE handbook of applied social research methods, 2, 214-253."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-1-4419-1698-3_1709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Ever Gonna GIF You Up: Analyzing the Cultural Significance of the Animated GIF. Social Media + Society.Vol 3 (3): 205630511772522","author":"Miltner K. M.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Miltner, K. M. & Highfield, T. (2017). Ever Gonna GIF You Up: Analyzing the Cultural Significance of the Animated GIF. Social Media + Society.Vol 3 (3): 205630511772522"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Nwokeneme \u00a0S. L. O.\u00a0(2008).\u00a0 Effective\u00a0Communication\u00a0Skills\u00a0and\u00a0Human\u00a0Interaction.\u00a0Enugu: Fidgina\u00a0Global Books"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","volume-title":"Selected Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference on African Linguistics. Summerville: Cascadilla Proceedings project","author":"Osborn D. Z.","year":"2006","unstructured":"Osborn, D. Z. (2006). African languages and information and communication technologies: Literacy, access, and the future. In: Mugane J, Hutchison JP, Worman DA (eds), Selected Proceedings of the 35th Annual Conference on African Linguistics. Summerville: Cascadilla Proceedings project"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Imagery and verbal processes. I","author":"Paivio A.","year":"1971","unstructured":"Paivio, A. (1971). Imagery and verbal processes. I"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Designing for fun: how can we design user interfaces to be more fun? interactions, 11(5), 48-50","author":"Shneiderman B.","year":"2004","unstructured":"Shneiderman, B. (2004). Designing for fun: how can we design user interfaces to be more fun? interactions, 11(5), 48-50."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Approaches to social research","author":"Singleton R. A.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Singleton, R. A. & Straits, B. C. (2009). Approaches to social research. New York: Oxford University Press;"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/14640747308400340"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1558689806292430"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4135\/978144627305013496519"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","first-page":"21","article-title":"English Language and the Mother Tongue Interference: The Nigerian Perspective","volume":"3","author":"Ugot M.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Ugot, M. (2010). English Language and the Mother Tongue Interference: The Nigerian Perspective. WAACLALS: West African Association for Literature and Language Studies,3(2), 21-36.","journal-title":"WAACLALS: West African Association for Literature and Language Studies"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11113-008-9106-5"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","first-page":"127","article-title":"Exploring Language Effects in Cross-cultural Survey. Research methods, Data","volume":"12","author":"Zavala-Rojas D.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Zavala-Rojas, D. (2018). Exploring Language Effects in Cross-cultural Survey. Research methods, Data, Analyses.Vol. 12(1), 2018, pp. 127-150","journal-title":"Analyses."}],"event":{"name":"AfriCHI 2021: 3rd African Human-Computer Interaction Conference","location":"Maputo Mozambique","acronym":"AfriCHI 2021"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 3rd African Human-Computer Interaction Conference: Inclusiveness and Empowerment"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3448696.3448701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3448696.3448701","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:47:37Z","timestamp":1750193257000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3448696.3448701"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"references-count":45,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3448696.3448701","10.1145\/3448696"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3448696.3448701","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,8]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-08","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}