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Motivated by this ever more realistic threat for existing classical cryptographic protocols, researchers have developed several schemes to resist \u201cquantum attacks.\u201d In particular, for electronic voting (e-voting), several schemes relying on properties of quantum mechanics have been proposed. However, each of these proposals comes with a different and often not well-articulated corruption model, has different objectives, and is accompanied by security claims that are never formalized and are at best justified only against specific attacks. To address this, we propose the first formal security definitions for quantum e-voting protocols. With these at hand, we systematize and evaluate the security of previously proposed quantum e-voting protocols; we examine the claims of these works concerning privacy, correctness, and verifiability, and if they are correctly attributed to the proposed protocols. In all non-trivial cases, we identify specific quantum attacks that violate these properties. We argue that the cause of these failures lies in the absence of formal security models and references to the existing cryptographic literature.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3450144","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]],"date-time":"2021-04-14T12:02:27Z","timestamp":1618401747000},"page":"1-33","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Definitions and Security of Quantum Electronic Voting"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"2","author":[{"given":"Myrto","family":"Arapinis","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nikolaos","family":"Lamprou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Informatics, University of Edinburgh, United Kingdom"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Elham","family":"Kashefi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"LIP6, University Pierre et Marie Curie, France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Pappa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, Technische Universit\u00e4t Berlin, Germany"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1496711.1496734"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS\u201916)","author":"Arapinis Myrto","year":"2016","unstructured":"Myrto Arapinis , V\u00e9ronique Cortier , and Steve Kremer . 2016 . When are three voters enough for privacy properties? In Proceedings of the European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS\u201916) , Ioannis Askoxylakis, Sotiris Ioannidis, Sokratis Katsikas, and Catherine Meadows (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, Cham, 241--260. Myrto Arapinis, V\u00e9ronique Cortier, and Steve Kremer. 2016. When are three voters enough for privacy properties? In Proceedings of the European Symposium on Research in Computer Security (ESORICS\u201916), Ioannis Askoxylakis, Sotiris Ioannidis, Sokratis Katsikas, and Catherine Meadows (Eds.). 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