{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,10]],"date-time":"2026-04-10T03:14:33Z","timestamp":1775790873065,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":64,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1623196800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Key Research and Development Program of China","award":["2017YFC1601803"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2017YFC1601803"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Asian Low-Resour. Lang. Inf. Process."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Open Relation Extraction (ORE) plays a significant role in the field of Information Extraction. It breaks the limitation that traditional relation extraction must pre-define relational types in the annotated corpus and specific domains restrictions, to realize the goal of extracting entities and the relation between entities in the open domain. However, with the increase of sentence complexity, the precision and recall of Entity Relation Extraction will be significantly reduced. To solve this problem, we present an unsupervised Clause_CORE method based on Chinese grammar and dependency parsing features. Clause_CORE is used for complex sentences processing, including decomposing complex sentence and dynamically complementing sentence components, which can reduce sentences complexity and maintain the integrity of sentences at the same time. Then, we perform dependency parsing for complete sentences and implement open entity relation extraction based on the model constructed by Chinese grammar rules. The experimental results show that the performance of Clause_CORE method is better than that of other advanced Chinese ORE systems on Wikipedia and Sina news datasets, which proves the correctness and effectiveness of the method. The results on mixed datasets of news data and encyclopedia data prove the generalization and portability of the method.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3450273","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]],"date-time":"2021-06-09T15:06:45Z","timestamp":1623251205000},"page":"1-34","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":11,"title":["Dependency Parsing-based Entity Relation Extraction over Chinese Complex Text"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Shanshan","family":"Qi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, Asian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Limin","family":"Zheng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, Asian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Feiyu","family":"Shang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Information and Electrical Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing, Asian, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 7th Message Understanding Conference (MUC\u201998)","author":"Chinchor Nancy","year":"1998","unstructured":"Nancy Chinchor and Elaine Marsch . 1998 . MUC-7 Information extraction task definition . In Proceedings of the 7th Message Understanding Conference (MUC\u201998) . 359\u2013367. Nancy Chinchor and Elaine Marsch. 1998. MUC-7 Information extraction task definition. In Proceedings of the 7th Message Understanding Conference (MUC\u201998). 359\u2013367."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT\u201915)","author":"Xu Jing","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jing Xu , Liang Gan , Lu Deng , Jing Wang , and Zhou Yan . 2015 . Dependency parsing-based Chinese open relation extraction . In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT\u201915) . 552\u2013556. Jing Xu, Liang Gan, Lu Deng, Jing Wang, and Zhou Yan. 2015. Dependency parsing-based Chinese open relation extraction. In Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Computer Science and Network Technology (ICCSNT\u201915). 552\u2013556."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1625275.1625705"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","article-title":"Open information extraction","volume":"25","author":"Zhao Jun","year":"2011","unstructured":"Jun Zhao , Kang Liu , Youguang Zhou , and Li Cai . 2011 . Open information extraction . J. Chinese Info. Process. 25 , 6 (2011). 98\u2013111. DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1003-0077.2011.06.013. Jun Zhao, Kang Liu, Youguang Zhou, and Li Cai. 2011. Open information extraction. J. Chinese Info. Process. 25, 6 (2011). 98\u2013111. DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1003-0077.2011.06.013.","journal-title":"J. Chinese Info. Process."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"201","article-title":"Open Chinese entity relation extraction method based on dependency parsing","volume":"42","author":"Li Mingyao","year":"2016","unstructured":"Mingyao Li and Jing Yang . 2016 . Open Chinese entity relation extraction method based on dependency parsing . Comput. Eng. 42 , 6 (2016), 201 \u2013 207 . Mingyao Li and Jing Yang. 2016. Open Chinese entity relation extraction method based on dependency parsing. Comput. Eng. 42, 6 (2016), 201\u2013207.","journal-title":"Comput. Eng."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Extraction of Open Domain Entity Relations based on Chinese Grammar Features. Ph","author":"Zheng Shanshan","unstructured":"Shanshan Zheng . 2013. Extraction of Open Domain Entity Relations based on Chinese Grammar Features. Ph . D. East China Normal University , Shanghai . Shanshan Zheng. 2013. Extraction of Open Domain Entity Relations based on Chinese Grammar Features. Ph.D. East China Normal University, Shanghai."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3162077"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2145432.2145596"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1858681.1858694"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-4011"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/P16-1105"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Dual CNN for relation extraction with knowledge-based attention and word embeddings. Comput. Intell. Neurosci","author":"Li Jun","year":"2019","unstructured":"Jun Li , Guimin Huang , Jianheng Chen , and Yabing Wang . 2019. Dual CNN for relation extraction with knowledge-based attention and word embeddings. Comput. Intell. Neurosci . 2019 . DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/6789520 Jun Li, Guimin Huang, Jianheng Chen, and Yabing Wang. 2019. Dual CNN for relation extraction with knowledge-based attention and word embeddings. Comput. Intell. Neurosci. 2019. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1155\/2019\/6789520"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC'19)","author":"Li Yuan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yuan Li , Xiang Chen , Yanxiang Bao , Dongliang Guo , and Xiao Huang . 2019 . Relation extraction of Chinese fundamentals of electric circuits textbook based on CNN. 2019 . In Proceedings of the IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC'19) . 277--281. DOI:10.1109\/ITNEC.2019.8729144 10.1109\/ITNEC.2019.8729144 Yuan Li, Xiang Chen, Yanxiang Bao, Dongliang Guo, and Xiao Huang. 2019. Relation extraction of Chinese fundamentals of electric circuits textbook based on CNN. 2019. In Proceedings of the IEEE 3rd Information Technology, Networking, Electronic and Automation Control Conference (ITNEC'19). 277--281. DOI:10.1109\/ITNEC.2019.8729144"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-41335-3_22"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"284","article-title":"Chinese named entity relation extraction based on syntactic and semantic features","volume":"53","author":"Gan Lixin","year":"2016","unstructured":"Lixin Gan , Changxuan Wan , Dexi Liu , and Jiang Tengjiao Zhong , Qing. 2016 . Chinese named entity relation extraction based on syntactic and semantic features . J. Comput. Res. Dev. 53 , 2 (2016), 284 \u2013 302 . DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7544\/issn1000-1239.2016.20150842. Lixin Gan, Changxuan Wan, Dexi Liu, and Jiang Tengjiao Zhong, Qing. 2016. Chinese named entity relation extraction based on syntactic and semantic features. J. Comput. Res. Dev. 53, 2 (2016), 284\u2013302. DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7544\/issn1000-1239.2016.20150842.","journal-title":"J. Comput. Res. Dev."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"A snapshot on nonstandard supervised learning problems: Taxonomy, relationships, problem transformations and algorithm adaptations. Progr. Artific. Intell. 2019 8, 1","author":"David Charte","year":"2019","unstructured":"Charte David , Charte Francisco , Garc\u00eda Salvador , and Herrera Francisco . 2019. A snapshot on nonstandard supervised learning problems: Taxonomy, relationships, problem transformations and algorithm adaptations. Progr. Artific. Intell. 2019 8, 1 ( 2019 ), 1\u201314. DOI:10.1007\/s13748-018-00167-7. 10.1007\/s13748-018-00167-7 Charte David, Charte Francisco, Garc\u00eda Salvador, and Herrera Francisco. 2019. A snapshot on nonstandard supervised learning problems: Taxonomy, relationships, problem transformations and algorithm adaptations. Progr. Artific. Intell. 2019 8, 1 (2019), 1\u201314. DOI:10.1007\/s13748-018-00167-7."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Relation Extraction from Complex Texts in Open Field. Ph","author":"Sheng Meilun","unstructured":"Meilun Sheng . 2014. Relation Extraction from Complex Texts in Open Field. Ph . D. Shanghai Jiao Tong University , Shanghai . Meilun Sheng. 2014. Relation Extraction from Complex Texts in Open Field. Ph.D. Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL\u201908)","author":"Banko Michele","year":"2008","unstructured":"Michele Banko and Oren Etzioni . 2008 . The tradeoffs between open and traditional relation extraction . In Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL\u201908) . 28\u201336. Michele Banko and Oren Etzioni. 2008. The tradeoffs between open and traditional relation extraction. In Proceedings of the 46th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL\u201908). 28\u201336."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/app10186429"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","first-page":"18","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 885\u2013895","author":"Gabriel Stanovsky","year":"2018","unstructured":"Stanovsky Gabriel , Michael Julian , Zettlemoyer Luke , and Dagan Ido . 2018 . Supervised open information extraction . In Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 885\u2013895 . DOI:10.18653\/v1\/N 18 - 1081 . 10.18653\/v1 Stanovsky Gabriel, Michael Julian, Zettlemoyer Luke, and Dagan Ido. 2018. Supervised open information extraction. In Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 885\u2013895. DOI:10.18653\/v1\/N18-1081."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"19","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP\u201919)","author":"Arpita Roy","year":"2019","unstructured":"Roy Arpita , Park Youngja , Lee Taesung , and Pan Shimei . 2019 . Supervising unsupervised open information extraction models . In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP\u201919) . 728\u2013737. DOI:10.18653\/v1\/D 19 - 1067 . 10.18653\/v1 Roy Arpita, Park Youngja, Lee Taesung, and Pan Shimei. 2019. Supervising unsupervised open information extraction models. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing and the 9th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing (EMNLP-IJCNLP\u201919). 728\u2013737. DOI:10.18653\/v1\/D19-1067."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL\u201919)","author":"Distiawan Trisedya Bayu","year":"2019","unstructured":"Trisedya Bayu Distiawan , Weikum Gerhard , Qi Jianzhong , and Zhang Rui . 2019 . Neural relation extraction for knowledge base enrichment . In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL\u201919) . 229\u2013240. Trisedya Bayu Distiawan, Weikum Gerhard, Qi Jianzhong, and Zhang Rui. 2019. Neural relation extraction for knowledge base enrichment. In Proceedings of the Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics (ACL\u201919). 229\u2013240."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the European Semantic Web Conference, 12\u201316","author":"Hady Elsahar","year":"2017","unstructured":"Elsahar Hady , Demidova Elena , Gottschalk Simon , Gravier Christophe , and Laforest Frederique . 2017 . Unsupervised open relation extraction . In Proceedings of the European Semantic Web Conference, 12\u201316 . Elsahar Hady, Demidova Elena, Gottschalk Simon, Gravier Christophe, and Laforest Frederique. 2017. Unsupervised open relation extraction. In Proceedings of the European Semantic Web Conference, 12\u201316."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing. 344\u2013354","author":"Gabor Angeli","year":"2015","unstructured":"Angeli Gabor , Premkumar Melvin Johnson , Christopher D. Manning . 2015 . Leveraging linguistic structure for open domain information extraction . In Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing. 344\u2013354 . Angeli Gabor, Premkumar Melvin Johnson, Christopher D. Manning. 2015. Leveraging linguistic structure for open domain information extraction. In Proceedings of the 53rd Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics and the 7th International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing. 344\u2013354."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11280-020-00816-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Fine-grained relation extraction with focal multi-task learning. Sci. China Info. Sci. 63, 6","author":"Zhang Xinsong","year":"2020","unstructured":"Xinsong Zhang , Tianyi Liu , Weijia Jia , and Pengshuai Li . Fine-grained relation extraction with focal multi-task learning. Sci. China Info. Sci. 63, 6 ( 2020 ), 169103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11432-018-9721-7 Xinsong Zhang, Tianyi Liu, Weijia Jia, and Pengshuai Li. Fine-grained relation extraction with focal multi-task learning. Sci. China Info. Sci. 63, 6 (2020), 169103. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/s11432-018-9721-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201913)","author":"Mesquita Filipe","year":"2013","unstructured":"Filipe Mesquita , Jordan Schmidek , and Denilson Barbosa . 2013 . Effectiveness and efficiency of open relation extraction . In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201913) . 447\u2013457. Filipe Mesquita, Jordan Schmidek, and Denilson Barbosa. 2013. Effectiveness and efficiency of open relation extraction. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201913). 447\u2013457."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2344416.2344418"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2390948.2391009"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2390948.2391076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 868\u2013877","author":"Xu Ying","year":"2013","unstructured":"Ying Xu , Mi-Young Kim , Kevin Quinn , Randy Goebel , and Denilson Barbosa . 2013 . Open information extraction with tree kernels . In Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 868\u2013877 . Ying Xu, Mi-Young Kim, Kevin Quinn, Randy Goebel, and Denilson Barbosa. 2013. Open information extraction with tree kernels. In Proceedings of the Conference of the North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics: Human Language Technologies. 868\u2013877."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/1075096.1075098"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1613715.1613726"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2488388.2488420"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Self-training on refined clause patterns for relation extraction. Info","volume":"000","author":"Vo Duc-Thuan","year":"2017","unstructured":"Duc-Thuan Vo and Ebrahim Bagheri . 2017 . Self-training on refined clause patterns for relation extraction. Info . Process. Manage. 000 (2017), 1 \u2013 21 . DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ipm.2017.02.009. Duc-Thuan Vo and Ebrahim Bagheri. 2017. Self-training on refined clause patterns for relation extraction. Info. Process. Manage. 000 (2017), 1\u201321. DOI: https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1016\/j.ipm.2017.02.009.","journal-title":"Process. Manage."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","first-page":"986","article-title":"A new open information extraction system using sentence difficulty estimation","volume":"38","author":"Vahideh Reshadat","year":"2019","unstructured":"Reshadat Vahideh and Faili Heshaam . 2019 . A new open information extraction system using sentence difficulty estimation . Comput. Info. 38 , 1 (2019), 986 \u2013 1008 . DOI:10.31577\/cai_2019_4_986. 10.31577\/cai_2019_4_986 Reshadat Vahideh and Faili Heshaam. 2019. A new open information extraction system using sentence difficulty estimation. Comput. Info. 38, 1 (2019), 986\u20131008. DOI:10.31577\/cai_2019_4_986.","journal-title":"Comput. Info."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2020.102311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/D14-1201"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3115\/v1\/E14-4003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSMA.2015.24"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","first-page":"11","article-title":"Research on unsupervised Chinese entity relation extraction based on convolution tree kernel","volume":"24","author":"Huang Chen","year":"2010","unstructured":"Chen Huang , Longhua Qian , Guodong Zhou , and Qiaoming Zhu . 2010 . Research on unsupervised Chinese entity relation extraction based on convolution tree kernel . J. Chinese Info. Process. 24 , 4 (2010), 11 \u2013 18 . Chen Huang, Longhua Qian, Guodong Zhou, and Qiaoming Zhu. 2010. Research on unsupervised Chinese entity relation extraction based on convolution tree kernel. J. Chinese Info. Process. 24, 4 (2010), 11\u201318.","journal-title":"J. Chinese Info. Process."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IICSPI.2018.8690517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2018.06.046"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5771\/0943-7444-2017-3-163"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-31750-2_26"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1999676.1999696"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DSC.2017.40"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3159652.3159712"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.knosys.2020.106348"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","first-page":"208","article-title":"Research on entity relationship extraction of complex Chinese texts","volume":"36","author":"Wang Yuan","year":"2009","unstructured":"Yuan Wang , Dezhi Xu , and Jianer Chen . 2009 . Research on entity relationship extraction of complex Chinese texts . Comput. Sci. 36 , 8 (2009), 208 \u2013 211 . DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1002-137X.2009.08.050 Yuan Wang, Dezhi Xu, and Jianer Chen. 2009. Research on entity relationship extraction of complex Chinese texts. Comput. Sci. 36, 8 (2009), 208\u2013211. DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.3969\/j.issn.1002-137X.2009.08.050","journal-title":"Comput. Sci."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IALP.2012.37"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","first-page":"20","article-title":"IJCI Int","volume":"6","author":"Ali Sally Mohamed","year":"2019","unstructured":"Sally Mohamed Ali , Hamdy M. Mousa , Mahmoud Hussein . 2019 . IJCI Int . J. Comput. Info. 6 , 1 (2019), 20 \u2013 28 .DOI:10.21608\/ijci.2019.35099 10.21608\/ijci.2019.35099 Sally Mohamed Ali, Hamdy M. Mousa, Mahmoud Hussein. 2019. IJCI Int. J. Comput. Info. 6, 1 (2019), 20\u201328.DOI:10.21608\/ijci.2019.35099","journal-title":"J. Comput. Info."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201917)","author":"Gashteovski Kiril","unstructured":"Kiril Gashteovski , Rainer Gemulla , and L. D. Corro . 2017. Minie: Minimizing facts in open information extraction . In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201917) . 2630\u20132640. Kiril Gashteovski, Rainer Gemulla, and L. D. Corro. 2017. Minie: Minimizing facts in open information extraction. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201917). 2630\u20132640."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.eswa.2016.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201915)","author":"Fabio Petroni","year":"2015","unstructured":"Petroni Fabio , Del Corro Luciano , and Gemulla Rainer . 2015 . Core: Context-aware open relation extraction with factorization machines . In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201915) . 1763\u20131773. DOI:10.18653\/v1\/D 15 - 1204 10.18653\/v1 Petroni Fabio, Del Corro Luciano, and Gemulla Rainer. 2015. Core: Context-aware open relation extraction with factorization machines. In Proceedings of the Conference on Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing (EMNLP\u201915). 1763\u20131773. DOI:10.18653\/v1\/D15-1204"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1944284.1944288"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"Research on Chinese Dependency Parsing Based on Statistical Methods. Ph","author":"Jinshan Ma.","unstructured":"Jinshan Ma. 2008. Research on Chinese Dependency Parsing Based on Statistical Methods. Ph . D. Harbin Institute of Technology , Harbin . Jinshan Ma. 2008. Research on Chinese Dependency Parsing Based on Statistical Methods. Ph.D. Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","first-page":"13","article-title":"Chinese concurrent words, homomorphic word groups and their processing strategies","volume":"3","author":"Sun Maosong","year":"1989","unstructured":"Maosong Sun and Changning Huang . 1989 . Chinese concurrent words, homomorphic word groups and their processing strategies . J. Chinese Info. Process. 3 , 4 (1989), 13 \u2013 25 . Maosong Sun and Changning Huang. 1989. Chinese concurrent words, homomorphic word groups and their processing strategies. J. Chinese Info. Process. 3, 4 (1989), 13\u201325.","journal-title":"J. Chinese Info. Process."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"A Study on Concurrent Word in two Dictionary Part of Speech Tagging. Ph","author":"Chen Jianjun","unstructured":"Jianjun Chen . 2010. A Study on Concurrent Word in two Dictionary Part of Speech Tagging. Ph . D. Nankai University . Jianjun Chen. 2010. A Study on Concurrent Word in two Dictionary Part of Speech Tagging. Ph.D. Nankai University."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","volume-title":"Research and Implementation of Chinese Open Entity Relation Extraction. Ph","author":"Yang Li.","unstructured":"Yang Li. 2016. Research and Implementation of Chinese Open Entity Relation Extraction. Ph . D. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China . Yang Li. 2016. Research and Implementation of Chinese Open Entity Relation Extraction. Ph.D. University of Electronic Science and Technology of China."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","first-page":"1029","article-title":"Unsupervised Chinese open entity relation extraction","volume":"52","author":"Qin Bin","year":"2015","unstructured":"Bin Qin , Anan Liu , and Ting Liu . 2015 . Unsupervised Chinese open entity relation extraction . J. Comput. Res. Dev. 52 , 5 (2015), 1029 \u2013 1035 . DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7544\/issn1000 1239.2015.20131550 Bin Qin, Anan Liu, and Ting Liu. 2015. Unsupervised Chinese open entity relation extraction. J. Comput. Res. Dev. 52, 5 (2015), 1029\u20131035. DOI:http:\/\/dx.doi.org\/10.7544\/issn1000 1239.2015.20131550","journal-title":"J. Comput. Res. Dev."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/fmsmt-17.2017.237"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","volume-title":"THUOCL: Tsinghua Open Chinese Lexicon, [Online]","author":"Han Shiyi","year":"2016","unstructured":"Shiyi Han , Yuhui Zhang , Yunshan Ma , Cunchao Tu , Zhipeng Guo , Zhiyuan Liu , and Maosong Sun . 2016 . THUOCL: Tsinghua Open Chinese Lexicon, [Online] . http:\/\/thuocl.thunlp.org\/. Shiyi Han, Yuhui Zhang, Yunshan Ma, Cunchao Tu, Zhipeng Guo, Zhiyuan Liu, and Maosong Sun. 2016. THUOCL: Tsinghua Open Chinese Lexicon, [Online]. http:\/\/thuocl.thunlp.org\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/info11020079"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3450273","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3450273","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:46:59Z","timestamp":1750193219000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3450273"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"references-count":64,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3450273"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3450273","relation":{},"ISSN":["2375-4699","2375-4702"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2375-4699","type":"print"},{"value":"2375-4702","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,6,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2019-09-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-02-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-06-09","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}