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The data-driven nature of our approach sidesteps many difficulties of caching algorithms, such as locating, interpolating, and updating cache points. Since pretraining neural networks to handle novel, dynamic scenes is a formidable generalization challenge, we do away with pretraining and instead achieve\n            <jats:italic>generalization via adaptation<\/jats:italic>\n            , i.e. we opt for training the radiance cache while rendering. We employ self-training to provide low-noise training targets and simulate infinite-bounce transport by merely iterating few-bounce training updates. The updates and cache queries incur a mild overhead---about 2.6ms on full HD resolution---thanks to a streaming implementation of the neural network that fully exploits modern hardware. We demonstrate significant noise reduction at the cost of little induced bias, and report state-of-the-art, real-time performance on a number of challenging scenarios.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3450626.3459812","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,20]],"date-time":"2021-07-20T00:04:27Z","timestamp":1626739467000},"page":"1-16","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":135,"title":["Real-time neural radiance caching for path tracing"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"Thomas","family":"M\u00fcller","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabrice","family":"Rousselle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Nov\u00e1k","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexander","family":"Keller","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"NVIDIA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,19]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","unstructured":"Mart\u00edn Abadi Ashish Agarwal Paul Barham Eugene Brevdo Zhifeng Chen Craig Citro Greg S. 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