{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:19:34Z","timestamp":1750220374268,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":61,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]],"date-time":"2021-04-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1617753600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"EC Horizon 2020 Work Programme","award":["814918"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["814918"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,16]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3453933.3454011","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,8]],"date-time":"2021-04-08T05:33:57Z","timestamp":1617860037000},"page":"15-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["How to design a library OS for practical containers?"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6524-2954","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hajime","family":"Tazaki","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IIJ Research Laboratory, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akira","family":"Moroo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Ricerca Security, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yohei","family":"Kuga","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ryo","family":"Nakamura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Tokyo, Japan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"419","volume-title":"17th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 20)","author":"Agache Alexandru","year":"2020","unstructured":"Alexandru Agache , Marc Brooker , Alexandra Iordache , Anthony Liguori , Rolf Neugebauer , Phil Piwonka , and Diana-Maria Popa . Firecracker : Lightweight virtualization for serverless applications . In 17th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 20) , pages 419 - 434 , Santa Clara, CA , February 2020 . USENIX Association. Alexandru Agache, Marc Brooker, Alexandra Iordache, Anthony Liguori, Rolf Neugebauer, Phil Piwonka, and Diana-Maria Popa. Firecracker: Lightweight virtualization for serverless applications. In 17th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 20), pages 419-434, Santa Clara, CA, February 2020. USENIX Association."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","first-page":"689","volume-title":"OSDI","volume":"16","author":"Arnautov Sergei","year":"2016","unstructured":"Sergei Arnautov , Bohdan Trach , Franz Gregor , Thomas Knauth , Andre Martin , Christian Priebe , Joshua Lind , Divya Muthukumaran , Dan O'Keefe , Mark L. Stillwell , David Goltzsche , Dave Eyers , R\u00fcdiger Kapitza , Peter Pietzuch , and Christof Fetzer . SCONE : Secure Linux Containers with Intel SGX . In OSDI , volume 16 , pages 689 - 703 , 2016 . Sergei Arnautov, Bohdan Trach, Franz Gregor, Thomas Knauth, Andre Martin, Christian Priebe, Joshua Lind, Divya Muthukumaran, Dan O'Keefe, Mark L. Stillwell, David Goltzsche, Dave Eyers, R\u00fcdiger Kapitza, Peter Pietzuch, and Christof Fetzer. SCONE: Secure Linux Containers with Intel SGX. In OSDI, volume 16, pages 689-703, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"http:\/\/lkml.iu.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/","author":"Bergmann Arnd","year":"1803","unstructured":"Arnd Bergmann . [ PATCH 00 \/16] remove eight obsolete architectures. http:\/\/lkml.iu.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/ 1803 .1\/06845.html. (Accessed January 14th 2020 ). Arnd Bergmann. [PATCH 00 \/16] remove eight obsolete architectures. http:\/\/lkml.iu.edu\/hypermail\/linux\/kernel\/ 1803.1\/06845.html. (Accessed January 14th 2020 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.17487\/RFC1812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2465351.2465375"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CloudCom.2015.89"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3009824"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"October","author":"Jerry Chu HK","year":"2016","unstructured":"HK Jerry Chu and Yuan Liu . User Space TCP-Getting LKL Ready for the Prime Time. Linux Netdev 1.2 , October 2016 . HK Jerry Chu and Yuan Liu. User Space TCP-Getting LKL Ready for the Prime Time. Linux Netdev 1.2, October 2016."},{"volume-title":"http:\/\/www.seastar-project.org\/. (Accessed Jan 26th 2017 )","author":"Systems Cloudius","key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Cloudius Systems . Seastar. http:\/\/www.seastar-project.org\/. (Accessed Jan 26th 2017 ) . Cloudius Systems. Seastar. http:\/\/www.seastar-project.org\/. (Accessed Jan 26th 2017 )."},{"volume-title":"frankenlibc. https:\/\/github.com\/justincormack\/ frankenlibc. ( Accessed Jan 26th 2017 )","author":"Cormack Justin","key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"Justin Cormack . frankenlibc. https:\/\/github.com\/justincormack\/ frankenlibc. ( Accessed Jan 26th 2017 ) . Justin Cormack. frankenlibc. https:\/\/github.com\/justincormack\/ frankenlibc. ( Accessed Jan 26th 2017 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","first-page":"3","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 5th Anual Linux Showcase and Conference, ALS' 01","author":"Dike J.","year":"2001","unstructured":"J. Dike . User Mode Linux . In Proceedings of the 5th Anual Linux Showcase and Conference, ALS' 01 , pages 3 - 14 . USENIX Association , 2001 . J. Dike. User Mode Linux. In Proceedings of the 5th Anual Linux Showcase and Conference, ALS' 01, pages 3-14. USENIX Association, 2001."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"Docker Inc. A modern performant 9P library for Go. https:\/\/github. com\/docker\/go-p9p.  Docker Inc. A modern performant 9P library for Go. https:\/\/github. com\/docker\/go-p9p."},{"volume-title":"Docker for Mac. https:\/\/www.docker.com\/docker-mac. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 )","author":"Docker Inc.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"Docker Inc. Docker for Mac. https:\/\/www.docker.com\/docker-mac. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 ) . Docker Inc. Docker for Mac. https:\/\/www.docker.com\/docker-mac. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Design and Implementation of the lwIP TCP\/IP Stack","author":"Dunkels Adam","year":"2001","unstructured":"Adam Dunkels . Design and Implementation of the lwIP TCP\/IP Stack . Swedish Institute of Computer Science , 2 : 77, 2001 . Adam Dunkels. Design and Implementation of the lwIP TCP\/IP Stack. Swedish Institute of Computer Science, 2 : 77, 2001."},{"volume-title":"musl libc. https:\/\/www.musl-libc.org\/. (Accessed Jan 26th 2017 )","author":"Felker Rich","key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"Rich Felker . musl libc. https:\/\/www.musl-libc.org\/. (Accessed Jan 26th 2017 ) . Rich Felker. musl libc. https:\/\/www.musl-libc.org\/. (Accessed Jan 26th 2017 )."},{"volume-title":"gVisor: Container Runtime Sandbox. https:\/\/github.com\/ google\/gvisor. (Accessed May 8th 2018 )","author":"Google Inc.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"Google Inc. gVisor: Container Runtime Sandbox. https:\/\/github.com\/ google\/gvisor. (Accessed May 8th 2018 ) . Google Inc. gVisor: Container Runtime Sandbox. https:\/\/github.com\/ google\/gvisor. (Accessed May 8th 2018 )."},{"volume-title":"IPv4 and IPv6 userland network stack. https:\/\/github.com\/ google\/netstack. ( Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )","author":"Google Inc.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"Google Inc. IPv4 and IPv6 userland network stack. https:\/\/github.com\/ google\/netstack. ( Accessed Sep 14th 2018 ) . Google Inc. IPv4 and IPv6 userland network stack. https:\/\/github.com\/ google\/netstack. ( Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"CUBIC: a new TCP-friendly high-speed TCP variant. ACM SIGOPS operating systems review, 42 ( 5 ): 64-74","author":"Ha Sangtae","year":"2008","unstructured":"Sangtae Ha , Injong Rhee , and Lisong Xu . CUBIC: a new TCP-friendly high-speed TCP variant. ACM SIGOPS operating systems review, 42 ( 5 ): 64-74 , 2008 . Sangtae Ha, Injong Rhee, and Lisong Xu. CUBIC: a new TCP-friendly high-speed TCP variant. ACM SIGOPS operating systems review, 42 ( 5 ): 64-74, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","first-page":"253","volume-title":"Nick McKeown. Reproducible Network Experiments Using Container-based Emulation. In Proceedings of ACM CoNEXT 2012","author":"Handigol Nikhil","year":"2012","unstructured":"Nikhil Handigol , Brandon Heller , Vimalkumar Jeyakumar , Bob Lantz , and Nick McKeown. Reproducible Network Experiments Using Container-based Emulation. In Proceedings of ACM CoNEXT 2012 , pages 253 - 264 . ACM, 2012 . Nikhil Handigol, Brandon Heller, Vimalkumar Jeyakumar, Bob Lantz, and Nick McKeown. Reproducible Network Experiments Using Container-based Emulation. In Proceedings of ACM CoNEXT 2012, pages 253-264. ACM, 2012."},{"volume-title":"Linux Binary Compatibility. https:\/\/www.freebsd.org\/doc\/handbook\/linuxemu-lbc-install. html. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 )","author":"Handy Brian N.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Brian N. Handy , Rich Murphey , and Jim Mock . Linux Binary Compatibility. https:\/\/www.freebsd.org\/doc\/handbook\/linuxemu-lbc-install. html. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 ) . Brian N. Handy, Rich Murphey, and Jim Mock. Linux Binary Compatibility. https:\/\/www.freebsd.org\/doc\/handbook\/linuxemu-lbc-install. html. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 )."},{"volume-title":"Run Bash on Ubuntu on Windows. https:\/\/blogs.windows. com\/buildingapps\/2016\/03\/30\/run-bash-on-ubuntu-on-windows\/. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 )","author":"Harsh Mike","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"Mike Harsh . Run Bash on Ubuntu on Windows. https:\/\/blogs.windows. com\/buildingapps\/2016\/03\/30\/run-bash-on-ubuntu-on-windows\/. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 ) . Mike Harsh. Run Bash on Ubuntu on Windows. https:\/\/blogs.windows. com\/buildingapps\/2016\/03\/30\/run-bash-on-ubuntu-on-windows\/. (Accessed Apr 18th 2018 )."},{"volume-title":"https:\/\/github.com\/nabla-containers\/runnc. ( Accessed July 3rd 2019 )","author":"Nabla Containers IBM.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"IBM. Nabla Containers . https:\/\/github.com\/nabla-containers\/runnc. ( Accessed July 3rd 2019 ) . IBM. Nabla Containers. https:\/\/github.com\/nabla-containers\/runnc. ( Accessed July 3rd 2019 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"http:\/\/www.openonload. org\/. (Accessed 14th","author":"Solarflare Communications Inc. OpenOnload.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Solarflare Communications Inc. OpenOnload. http:\/\/www.openonload. org\/. (Accessed 14th January 2015 ). Solarflare Communications Inc. OpenOnload. http:\/\/www.openonload. org\/. (Accessed 14th January 2015 )."},{"volume-title":"https:\/\/www.keysight.com\/us\/en\/products\/networksecurity\/ixanvl.html. (Accessed March 8th 2021 )","author":"ANVL.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Ixia. Ix ANVL. https:\/\/www.keysight.com\/us\/en\/products\/networksecurity\/ixanvl.html. (Accessed March 8th 2021 ) . Ixia. IxANVL. https:\/\/www.keysight.com\/us\/en\/products\/networksecurity\/ixanvl.html. (Accessed March 8th 2021 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","first-page":"489","volume-title":"11th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 14)","author":"Jeong EunYoung","year":"2014","unstructured":"EunYoung Jeong , Shinae Wood , Muhammad Jamshed , Haewon Jeong , Sunghwan Ihm , Dongsu Han , and KyoungSoo Park . mTCP : a Highly Scalable User-level TCP Stack for Multicore Systems . In 11th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 14) , pages 489 - 502 , Seattle, WA , April 2014 . USENIX Association. EunYoung Jeong, Shinae Wood, Muhammad Jamshed, Haewon Jeong, Sunghwan Ihm, Dongsu Han, and KyoungSoo Park. mTCP: a Highly Scalable User-level TCP Stack for Multicore Systems. In 11th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation (NSDI 14), pages 489-502, Seattle, WA, April 2014. USENIX Association."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Docker Containers on the Desktop. https:\/\/blog.jessfraz. com\/post\/docker-containers-on-the-desktop \/","author":"Frazelle Jessie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jessie Frazelle . Docker Containers on the Desktop. https:\/\/blog.jessfraz. com\/post\/docker-containers-on-the-desktop \/ , 2015 . ( Accessed Aug 15th 2018 ). Jessie Frazelle. Docker Containers on the Desktop. https:\/\/blog.jessfraz. com\/post\/docker-containers-on-the-desktop \/, 2015. ( Accessed Aug 15th 2018 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","first-page":"109","volume-title":"Ottawa Linux Symposium (OLS)","author":"Jujjuri Venkateswararao","year":"2010","unstructured":"Venkateswararao Jujjuri , Eric Van Hensbergen , Anthony Liguori , and Badari Pulavarty . VirtFS-a virtualization aware file system passthrough . In Ottawa Linux Symposium (OLS) , pages 109 - 120 , 2010 . Venkateswararao Jujjuri, Eric Van Hensbergen, Anthony Liguori, and Badari Pulavarty. VirtFS-a virtualization aware file system passthrough. In Ottawa Linux Symposium (OLS), pages 109-120, 2010."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/268998.266644"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels","author":"Kantee Antti","year":"2016","unstructured":"Antti Kantee . The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels , 2 nd Edition. http:\/\/book.rumpkernel.org, 2016 . Antti Kantee. The Design and Implementation of the Anykernel and Rump Kernels, 2nd Edition. http:\/\/book.rumpkernel.org, 2016.","edition":"2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Rump Kernels: No OS? No Problem! USENIX ;login :, 39 ( 5 ): 11-17","author":"Kantee Antti","year":"2014","unstructured":"Antti Kantee and Justin Cormack . Rump Kernels: No OS? No Problem! USENIX ;login :, 39 ( 5 ): 11-17 , 2014 . Antti Kantee and Justin Cormack. Rump Kernels: No OS? No Problem! USENIX ;login :, 39 ( 5 ): 11-17, 2014."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","first-page":"61","volume-title":"Vlad Zolotarov. OSv-Optimizing the Operating System for Virtual Machines. In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14)","author":"Kivity Avi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Avi Kivity , Dor Laor , Glauber Costa , Pekka Enberg , Nadav Har'El , Don Marti , and Vlad Zolotarov. OSv-Optimizing the Operating System for Virtual Machines. In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14) , pages 61 - 72 , Philadelphia, PA , June 2014 . USENIX Association. Avi Kivity, Dor Laor, Glauber Costa, Pekka Enberg, Nadav Har'El, Don Marti, and Vlad Zolotarov. OSv-Optimizing the Operating System for Virtual Machines. In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14), pages 61-72, Philadelphia, PA, June 2014. USENIX Association."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3102980.3103008"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3342195.3387526"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"Linux Programmer's Manual. namespaces-overview of Linux namespaces. http:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages \/man7\/namespaces.7.html. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 ).  Linux Programmer's Manual. namespaces-overview of Linux namespaces. http:\/\/man7.org\/linux\/man-pages \/man7\/namespaces.7.html. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )."},{"volume-title":"https:\/\/devblogs.microsoft.com\/ commandline\/announcing-wsl-2 \/. ( Accessed July 24th 2019 )","author":"Loewen Craig","key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"Craig Loewen . Announcing WSL 2. https:\/\/devblogs.microsoft.com\/ commandline\/announcing-wsl-2 \/. ( Accessed July 24th 2019 ) . Craig Loewen. Announcing WSL 2. https:\/\/devblogs.microsoft.com\/ commandline\/announcing-wsl-2 \/. ( Accessed July 24th 2019 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","first-page":"461","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS '13","author":"Madhavapeddy Anil","year":"2013","unstructured":"Anil Madhavapeddy , Richard Mortier , Charalampos Rotsos , David Scott , Balraj Singh , Thomas Gazagnaire , Steven Smith , Steven Hand , and Jon Crowcroft . Unikernels : Library operating systems for the cloud . In Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS '13 , pages 461 - 472 , New York, NY, USA , 2013 . ACM. Anil Madhavapeddy, Richard Mortier, Charalampos Rotsos, David Scott, Balraj Singh, Thomas Gazagnaire, Steven Smith, Steven Hand, and Jon Crowcroft. Unikernels: Library operating systems for the cloud. In Proceedings of the Eighteenth International Conference on Architectural Support for Programming Languages and Operating Systems, ASPLOS '13, pages 461-472, New York, NY, USA, 2013. ACM."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2619239.2626311"},{"volume-title":"https:\/\/github.com\/linuxkit\/linuxkit. ( Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )","author":"Project Moby","key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","unstructured":"Moby Project . LinuxKit. https:\/\/github.com\/linuxkit\/linuxkit. ( Accessed Sep 14th 2018 ) . Moby Project. LinuxKit. https:\/\/github.com\/linuxkit\/linuxkit. ( Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau. SOCK: Rapid Task Provisioning with Serverless-Optimized Containers. In Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC'18)","author":"Oakes Edward","year":"2018","unstructured":"Edward Oakes , Leon Yang , Dennis Zhou , Kevin Houck , Tyler Harter , Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau , and Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau. SOCK: Rapid Task Provisioning with Serverless-Optimized Containers. In Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC'18) , 2018 . Edward Oakes, Leon Yang, Dennis Zhou, Kevin Houck, Tyler Harter, Andrea Arpaci-Dusseau, and Remzi Arpaci-Dusseau. SOCK: Rapid Task Provisioning with Serverless-Optimized Containers. In Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC'18), 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313808.3313817"},{"volume-title":"OCI Runtime Specification. https:\/\/github. com\/opencontainers\/runtime-spec. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )","author":"Initiative Open Container","key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","unstructured":"Open Container Initiative . OCI Runtime Specification. https:\/\/github. com\/opencontainers\/runtime-spec. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 ) . Open Container Initiative. OCI Runtime Specification. https:\/\/github. com\/opencontainers\/runtime-spec. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"THE Technical Conference on Linux Networking netdev 2.2","author":"Opriceana Cristina","year":"2017","unstructured":"Cristina Opriceana and Hajime Tazaki . Network stack personality in Android phone. In Linux netdev 2.2 , THE Technical Conference on Linux Networking netdev 2.2 , 2017 . Cristina Opriceana and Hajime Tazaki. Network stack personality in Android phone. In Linux netdev 2.2, THE Technical Conference on Linux Networking netdev 2.2, 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1950365.1950399"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","first-page":"328","volume-title":"Roedunet International Conference (RoEduNet), 2010","author":"Purdila Octavian","year":"2010","unstructured":"Octavian Purdila , Lucian Adrian Grijincu , and Nicolae Tapus . LKL : The Linux kernel library . In Roedunet International Conference (RoEduNet), 2010 9th, pages 328 - 333 , 2010 . Octavian Purdila, Lucian Adrian Grijincu, and Nicolae Tapus. LKL: The Linux kernel library. In Roedunet International Conference (RoEduNet), 2010 9th, pages 328-333, 2010."},{"volume-title":"Quagga Routing Suite. https:\/\/www.quagga.net\/. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )","key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","unstructured":"Quagga. Quagga Routing Suite. https:\/\/www.quagga.net\/. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 ) . Quagga. Quagga Routing Suite. https:\/\/www.quagga.net\/. (Accessed Sep 14th 2018 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3317550.3321445"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1400097.1400108"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3124680.3124733"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","first-page":"671","volume-title":"Jonathan Appavoo. EbbRT: A Framework for Building Per-Application Library Operating Systems. In 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 16)","author":"Schatzberg Dan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dan Schatzberg , James Cadden , Han Dong , Orran Krieger , and Jonathan Appavoo. EbbRT: A Framework for Building Per-Application Library Operating Systems. In 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 16) , pages 671 - 688 , GA, November 2016 . USENIX Association. Dan Schatzberg, James Cadden, Han Dong, Orran Krieger, and Jonathan Appavoo. EbbRT: A Framework for Building Per-Application Library Operating Systems. In 12th USENIX Symposium on Operating Systems Design and Implementation (OSDI 16), pages 671-688, GA, November 2016. USENIX Association."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3297858.3304016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","volume-title":"THE Technical Conference on Linux Networking netdev 0.1","author":"Tazaki Hajime","year":"2015","unstructured":"Hajime Tazaki , Ryo Nakamura , and Yuji Sekiya . Library operating system with mainline Linux kernel. In Linux netdev 0.1 , THE Technical Conference on Linux Networking netdev 0.1 , 2015 . Hajime Tazaki, Ryo Nakamura, and Yuji Sekiya. Library operating system with mainline Linux kernel. In Linux netdev 0.1, THE Technical Conference on Linux Networking netdev 0.1, 2015."},{"volume-title":"https:\/\/katacontainers. io\/. (Accessed Aug 15th 2018 )","author":"OpenStack Foundation The","key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","unstructured":"The OpenStack Foundation . Kata Containers . https:\/\/katacontainers. io\/. (Accessed Aug 15th 2018 ) . The OpenStack Foundation. Kata Containers. https:\/\/katacontainers. io\/. (Accessed Aug 15th 2018 )."},{"volume-title":"Kata Containers Architecture. https:\/\/github.com\/kata-containers\/documentation\/blob\/master\/ design\/architecture.md. (Accessed January 15th 2020 )","author":"OpenStack Foundation The","key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","unstructured":"The OpenStack Foundation . Kata Containers Architecture. https:\/\/github.com\/kata-containers\/documentation\/blob\/master\/ design\/architecture.md. (Accessed January 15th 2020 ) . The OpenStack Foundation. Kata Containers Architecture. https:\/\/github.com\/kata-containers\/documentation\/blob\/master\/ design\/architecture.md. (Accessed January 15th 2020 )."},{"volume-title":"Library OS is the New Container. https:\/\/sched.co\/FxXc. (Accessed November 21st 2019 )","author":"Tsai Chia-Che","key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","unstructured":"Chia-Che Tsai . Library OS is the New Container. https:\/\/sched.co\/FxXc. (Accessed November 21st 2019 ) . Chia-Che Tsai. Library OS is the New Container. https:\/\/sched.co\/FxXc. (Accessed November 21st 2019 )."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2592798.2592812"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2901318.2901341"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_57_1","first-page":"645","volume-title":"Mona Vij. Graphene-SGX: A Practical Library OS for Unmodified Applications on SGX. In 2017 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC '17)","author":"Tsai Chia-Che","year":"2017","unstructured":"Chia-Che Tsai , Donald E Porter , and Mona Vij. Graphene-SGX: A Practical Library OS for Unmodified Applications on SGX. In 2017 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC '17) , pages 645 - 658 , 2017 . Chia-Che Tsai, Donald E Porter, and Mona Vij. Graphene-SGX: A Practical Library OS for Unmodified Applications on SGX. In 2017 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC '17), pages 645-658, 2017."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_58_1","first-page":"133","volume-title":"Michael Swift. Peeking Behind the Curtains of Serverless Platforms. In 2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18)","author":"Wang Liang","year":"2018","unstructured":"Liang Wang , Mengyuan Li , Yinqian Zhang , Thomas Ristenpart , and Michael Swift. Peeking Behind the Curtains of Serverless Platforms. In 2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18) , pages 133 - 146 . USENIX Association , 2018 . Liang Wang, Mengyuan Li, Yinqian Zhang, Thomas Ristenpart, and Michael Swift. Peeking Behind the Curtains of Serverless Platforms. In 2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18), pages 133-146. USENIX Association, 2018."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_59_1","volume-title":"8th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing (HotCloud 16 ). USENIX Association","author":"Williams Dan","year":"2016","unstructured":"Dan Williams and Ricardo Koller . Unikernel monitors : Extending minimalism outside of the box . In 8th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing (HotCloud 16 ). USENIX Association , 2016 . Dan Williams and Ricardo Koller. Unikernel monitors: Extending minimalism outside of the box. In 8th USENIX Workshop on Hot Topics in Cloud Computing (HotCloud 16 ). USENIX Association, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_60_1","first-page":"199","volume-title":"Nikhil Prakash. Unikernels As Processes. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC '18","author":"Williams Dan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Dan Williams , Ricardo Koller , Martin Lucina , and Nikhil Prakash. Unikernels As Processes. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC '18 , pages 199 - 211 , New York, NY, USA , 2018 . ACM. Dan Williams, Ricardo Koller, Martin Lucina, and Nikhil Prakash. Unikernels As Processes. In Proceedings of the ACM Symposium on Cloud Computing, SoCC '18, pages 199-211, New York, NY, USA, 2018. ACM."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3317550.3321422"}],"event":{"name":"VEE '21: 17th ACM SIGPLAN\/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments","sponsor":["SIGPLAN ACM Special Interest Group on Programming Languages","SIGOPS ACM Special Interest Group on Operating Systems"],"location":"Virtual USA","acronym":"VEE '21"},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 17th ACM SIGPLAN\/SIGOPS International Conference on Virtual Execution Environments"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3453933.3454011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3453933.3454011","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:17:42Z","timestamp":1750191462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3453933.3454011"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"references-count":61,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3453933.3454011","10.1145\/3453933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3453933.3454011","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,4,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-04-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}