{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,31]],"date-time":"2026-01-31T02:53:05Z","timestamp":1769827985054,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]],"date-time":"2021-03-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614902400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["SIGMETRICS Perform. Eval. Rev."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Bitcoin-NG is among the first scalable blockchain protocols by decoupling blockchain operation into two planes: leader election and transaction serialization. Its decoupling idea has inspired a new generation of blockchain protocols. However, the existing incentive analysis of Bitcoin-NG has several limitations. First, the impact of network capacity is ignored. Second, an integrated incentive analysis that jointly considers both key blocks and microblocks is still missing.<\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>In this paper, we aim to address these two limitations. First, we propose a new incentive analysis that takes the network capacity into account, showing that Bitcoin-NG can still maintain incentive compatibility against the microblock mining attack even under limited network capacity. Second, we leverage a Markov decision process to jointly analyze the incentive of both key blocks and microblocks, showing that the selfish mining revenue of Bitcoin-NG is a little higher than that in Bitcoin only when the selfish miner controls more than 35% of the mining power. We hope that our in-depth incentive analysis for Bitcoin-NG can shed some light on the mechanism design and incentive analysis of nextgeneration blockchain protocols.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3453953.3453966","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,6]],"date-time":"2021-03-06T04:12:32Z","timestamp":1615003952000},"page":"59-60","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Incentive Analysis of Bitcoin-NG, Revisited"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"48","author":[{"given":"Jianyu","family":"Niu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ziyu","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Beihang University, Beijing, China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Fangyu","family":"Gai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chen","family":"Feng","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of British Columbia, Kelowna, Canada"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,3,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","first-page":"585","volume-title":"CCS","author":"Bagaria V. 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