{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,25]],"date-time":"2026-01-25T01:56:08Z","timestamp":1769306168050,"version":"3.49.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":36,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]],"date-time":"2021-02-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1614038400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"Ministry of Science, Technology & Innovation (MOSTI), Malaysia","award":["ICF0001-2018"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ICF0001-2018"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3457784.3457809","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,31]],"date-time":"2021-07-31T00:42:29Z","timestamp":1627692149000},"page":"155-161","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Class-Based Analysis of Russell's Four-Quadrant Emotion Prediction in Virtual Reality using Multi-Layer Feedforward ANNs"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Nazmi","family":"Sofian Suhaimi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"James","family":"Mountstephens","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia"}]},{"given":"Jason","family":"Teo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universiti Malaysia Sabah, Malaysia"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,7,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.newideapsych.2019.05.001"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1155\/2019\/4368036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-10-2275-3_2"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"2015 IEEE Games Entertain. Media Conf. GEM 2015","author":"Mann S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"S. Mann , R. Janzen , H. Wu , M. H. Lu , and N. Guleria , \u201c Bright ideas: A wearable interactive \u2018inventometer\u2019 (brainwave-based idea display) ,\u201d 2015 IEEE Games Entertain. Media Conf. GEM 2015 , 2016 , doi: 10.1109\/GEM.2015.7377239. 10.1109\/GEM.2015.7377239 S. Mann, R. Janzen, H. Wu, M. H. Lu, and N. Guleria, \u201cBright ideas: A wearable interactive \u2018inventometer\u2019 (brainwave-based idea display),\u201d 2015 IEEE Games Entertain. Media Conf. GEM 2015, 2016, doi: 10.1109\/GEM.2015.7377239."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAFFC.2016.2625250"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SAM.2018.8448945"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.imavis.2012.10.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"377","DOI":"10.1007\/978-981-13-1501-5_32","article-title":"A survey on comparison analysis between EEG signal and MRI for brain stroke detection","volume":"814","author":"Bhattacharjee S.","year":"2019","unstructured":"S. Bhattacharjee , \u201c A survey on comparison analysis between EEG signal and MRI for brain stroke detection ,\u201d Adv. Intell. Syst. Comput. , vol. 814 , no. January, pp. 377 \u2013 382 , 2019 , doi: 10.1007\/978-981-13-1501-5_32. 10.1007\/978-981-13-1501-5_32 S. Bhattacharjee , \u201cA survey on comparison analysis between EEG signal and MRI for brain stroke detection,\u201d Adv. Intell. Syst. Comput., vol. 814, no. January, pp. 377\u2013382, 2019, doi: 10.1007\/978-981-13-1501-5_32.","journal-title":"Adv. Intell. Syst. Comput."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","first-page":"32","volume-title":"Proc.","author":"M\u00e9nard M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. M\u00e9nard , P. Richard , H. Hamdi , B. Dauc\u00e9 , and T. Yamaguchi , \u201c Emotion recognition based on heart rate and skin conductance,\u201d PhyCS 2015 - 2nd Int. Conf. Physiol. Comput. Syst . Proc. , pp. 26\u2013 32 , 2015 , doi: 10.5220\/0005241100260032. 10.5220\/0005241100260032 M. M\u00e9nard, P. Richard, H. Hamdi, B. Dauc\u00e9, and T. Yamaguchi, \u201cEmotion recognition based on heart rate and skin conductance,\u201d PhyCS 2015 - 2nd Int. Conf. Physiol. Comput. Syst. Proc., pp. 26\u201332, 2015, doi: 10.5220\/0005241100260032."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3025453.3026028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/SIU.2018.8404157"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/NER.2019.8716943"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s141223758"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-AFFC.2011.15"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","first-page":"537","volume-title":"Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process.","author":"Zhang B. L.","year":"2016","unstructured":"B. L. Zhang , N., Zheng, W. L. , Liu , W., Li , \u201c A multimodal approach to estimating vigilance using EEG and forehead EOG ,\u201d Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process. , pp. 530\u2013 537 , 2016 , doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-46672-9. 10.1007\/978-3-319-46672-9 B. L. Zhang, N., Zheng, W. L., Liu, W., Li, \u201cA multimodal approach to estimating vigilance using EEG and forehead EOG,\u201d Int. Conf. Neural Inf. Process., pp. 530\u2013537, 2016, doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-46672-9."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/JBHI.2017.2688239"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"4","volume-title":"Proc. 5th Int. BrainComputer Interface Conf. 2011","author":"Portelli A. J.","year":"2011","unstructured":"A. J. Portelli , I. Daly , M. M. Spencer , and S. J. Nasuto , \u201c Low cost brain-computer interface: first results ,\u201d Proc. 5th Int. BrainComputer Interface Conf. 2011 , pp. 1\u2013 4 , 2011 , [Online]. Available : http:\/\/bci.tugraz.at\/BCI2011\/index.html. A. J. Portelli, I. Daly, M. M. Spencer, and S. J. Nasuto, \u201cLow cost brain-computer interface: first results,\u201d Proc. 5th Int. BrainComputer Interface Conf. 2011, pp. 1\u20134, 2011, [Online]. Available: http:\/\/bci.tugraz.at\/BCI2011\/index.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13634-015-0251-9"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.23919\/MIPRO.2018.8400184"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jocn.2018.12.036"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/GEOINFORMATICS.2010.5567608"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","first-page":"8","volume-title":"Proc. eLearning Softw. Educ. (eLSE)(Bucharest, Rom. April 23\u201324, 2015","author":"Freina L.","year":"2015","unstructured":"L. Freina and M. Ott , \u201c A literature review on immersive virtual reality in education: State of the art and perspectives ,\u201d Proc. eLearning Softw. Educ. (eLSE)(Bucharest, Rom. April 23\u201324, 2015 ), p. 8 , 2015 , doi: 10.12753\/2066-026X-15-020. 10.12753\/2066-026X-15-020 L. Freina and M. Ott, \u201cA literature review on immersive virtual reality in education: State of the art and perspectives,\u201d Proc. eLearning Softw. Educ. (eLSE)(Bucharest, Rom. April 23\u201324, 2015), p. 8, 2015, doi: 10.12753\/2066-026X-15-020."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/1755-1315\/170\/3\/032155"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"The Use of VR for Creating Therapeutic Environments for the Health and Wellbeing of Military Personnel , Their Families and Their Communities","author":"Mcintosh J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Mcintosh , M. Rodgers , B. Marques , and A. Cadle , \u201c The Use of VR for Creating Therapeutic Environments for the Health and Wellbeing of Military Personnel , Their Families and Their Communities ,\u201d no. May , 2019 , doi: 10.14627\/537663020.This. 10.14627\/537663020.This J. Mcintosh, M. Rodgers, B. Marques, and A. Cadle, \u201cThe Use of VR for Creating Therapeutic Environments for the Health and Wellbeing of Military Personnel , Their Families and Their Communities,\u201d no. May, 2019, doi: 10.14627\/537663020.This."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3357\/AMHP.4596.2016"},{"issue":"6","key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","first-page":"230","article-title":"\u201cClassification Model of Arousal and Valence Mental States by EEG Signals Analysis and Brodmann Correlations","volume":"6","author":"Aguinaga A. R.","year":"2015","unstructured":"A. R. Aguinaga , M. A. Lop\u00e9z Ram\u00edrez , and M. del Rosaria Baltazar Flores , \u201cClassification Model of Arousal and Valence Mental States by EEG Signals Analysis and Brodmann Correlations ,\u201d Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl. , vol. 6 , no. 6 , pp. 230 \u2013 238 , 2015 . A. R. Aguinaga, M. A. Lop\u00e9z Ram\u00edrez, and M. del Rosaria Baltazar Flores, \u201cClassification Model of Arousal and Valence Mental States by EEG Signals Analysis and Brodmann Correlations,\u201d Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl., vol. 6, no. 6, pp. 230\u2013238, 2015.","journal-title":"Int. J. Adv. Comput. Sci. Appl."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICCI-CC.2017.8109740"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1037\/0022-3514.53.4.712"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/3048787.3231294"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","first-page":"18","volume-title":"Prediction of Brain States of Concentration and Relaxation in Real Time with Portable Electroencephalographs","author":"Li Z.","unstructured":"Z. Li , J. Xu , and T. Zhu , \u201c Prediction of Brain States of Concentration and Relaxation in Real Time with Portable Electroencephalographs ,\u201d pp. 1\u2013 18 . Z. Li, J. Xu, and T. Zhu, \u201cPrediction of Brain States of Concentration and Relaxation in Real Time with Portable Electroencephalographs,\u201d pp. 1\u201318."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0130129"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","first-page":"60","article-title":"Classification of Human Emotion from Deap EEG Signal Using Hybrid Improved Neural Networks with Cuckoo Search","volume":"6","author":"Sreeshakthy M.","year":"2015","unstructured":"M. Sreeshakthy and J. Preethi , \u201c Classification of Human Emotion from Deap EEG Signal Using Hybrid Improved Neural Networks with Cuckoo Search ,\u201d BRAIN. Broad Res. Artif. Intell. Neurosci. , vol. 6 , no. 3 \u20134, pp. 60 \u2013 73 , 2015 , [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.edusoft.ro\/brain\/index.php\/brain\/article\/view\/519\/568. M. Sreeshakthy and J. Preethi, \u201cClassification of Human Emotion from Deap EEG Signal Using Hybrid Improved Neural Networks with Cuckoo Search,\u201d BRAIN. Broad Res. Artif. Intell. Neurosci., vol. 6, no. 3\u20134, pp. 60\u201373, 2015, [Online]. Available: https:\/\/www.edusoft.ro\/brain\/index.php\/brain\/article\/view\/519\/568.","journal-title":"BRAIN. Broad Res. Artif. Intell. Neurosci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICAI.2013.16"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TNNLS.2013.2280271"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","first-page":"303","article-title":"A Review of Emotion Recognition Using Physiological and Speech Signals","volume":"109","author":"Ali M.","year":"2018","unstructured":"M. Ali , A. H. Mosa , F. Al Machot , and K. Kyamakya , \u201c A Review of Emotion Recognition Using Physiological and Speech Signals ,\u201d Ann. Telecommun. - Ann. Des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications , vol. 109 , no. 3 \u20134, pp. 303 \u2013 318 , 2018 , doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-58996-1. 10.1007\/978-3-319-58996-1 M. Ali, A. H. Mosa, F. Al Machot, and K. Kyamakya, \u201cA Review of Emotion Recognition Using Physiological and Speech Signals,\u201d Ann. Telecommun. - Ann. Des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications, vol. 109, no. 3\u20134, pp. 303\u2013318, 2018, doi: 10.1007\/978-3-319-58996-1.","journal-title":"Ann. Telecommun. - Ann. Des T\u00e9l\u00e9communications"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAMD.2015.2431497"}],"event":{"name":"ICSCA 2021: 2021 10th International Conference on Software and Computer Applications","location":"Kuala Lumpur Malaysia","acronym":"ICSCA 2021"},"container-title":["2021 10th International Conference on Software and Computer Applications"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3457784.3457809","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3457784.3457809","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T21:24:38Z","timestamp":1750195478000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3457784.3457809"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"references-count":36,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3457784.3457809","10.1145\/3457784"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3457784.3457809","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,2,23]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-07-30","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}