{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,1]],"date-time":"2025-11-01T05:45:36Z","timestamp":1761975936914,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":30,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]],"date-time":"2021-09-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632182400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-sa\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3460421.3480420","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,20]],"date-time":"2021-09-20T22:15:37Z","timestamp":1632176137000},"page":"43-47","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["A Pilot Study using Covert Visuospatial Attention as an EEG-based Brain Computer Interface to Enhance AR Interaction"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Nataliya","family":"Kosmyna","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT Media Lab, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chi-Yun","family":"Hu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Tufts University, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yujie","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Massachusetts Institute of Technology, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qiuxuan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Chicago, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cassandra","family":"Scheirer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Carnegie Mellon University, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pattie","family":"Maes","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"MIT Media Lab, United States"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.rehab.2014.09.016"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Quadcopter control in three- dimensional space using a noninvasive motor imagery-based brain-computer interface. J. Neural Eng. 10, 4","author":"LaFleur Karl","year":"2013","unstructured":"Karl LaFleur , Kaitlin Cassady , Alexander Doud , Kaleb Shades , Eitan Rogin , and Bin He. 2013. Quadcopter control in three- dimensional space using a noninvasive motor imagery-based brain-computer interface. J. Neural Eng. 10, 4 ( 2013 ), 046003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2560\/10\/4\/046003 Karl LaFleur, Kaitlin Cassady, Alexander Doud, Kaleb Shades, Eitan Rogin, and Bin He. 2013. Quadcopter control in three- dimensional space using a noninvasive motor imagery-based brain-computer interface. J. Neural Eng. 10, 4 (2013), 046003. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1088\/1741-2560\/10\/4\/046003"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201914)","author":"Afergan Daniel","unstructured":"Daniel Afergan , Evan M. Peck , Erin T. Solovey , Andrew Jenkins , Samuel W. Hincks , Eli T. Brown , Remco Chang , and Robert J.K. Jacob . 2014. Dynamic difficulty using brain metrics of workload . In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201914) . Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3797\u20133806. Daniel Afergan, Evan M. Peck, Erin T. Solovey, Andrew Jenkins, Samuel W. Hincks, Eli T. Brown, Remco Chang, and Robert J.K. Jacob. 2014. Dynamic difficulty using brain metrics of workload. In Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems (CHI \u201914). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 3797\u20133806.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-22701-6_37"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","DOI":"10.1109\/TCIAIG.2012.2230003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","DOI":"10.1109\/BSN.2018.8329668"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376599"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Aleksander Sobolewski and Jos\u00e9 del R. Mill\u00e1n","author":"Tonin Luca","year":"2013","unstructured":"Luca Tonin , Robert Leeb , Aleksander Sobolewski and Jos\u00e9 del R. Mill\u00e1n . 2013 . An online EEG BCI based on covert visuospatial attention in absence of exogenous stimulation. J. Neural Eng . 10 056007, 2013. Luca Tonin, Robert Leeb, Aleksander Sobolewski and Jos\u00e9 del R. Mill\u00e1n. 2013. An online EEG BCI based on covert visuospatial attention in absence of exogenous stimulation. J. Neural Eng. 10 056007, 2013."},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/hololens\/hardware  https:\/\/www.microsoft.com\/en-us\/hololens\/hardware","key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"2812","volume-title":"Man and Cybernetics (SMC)","author":"Putze F.","year":"2019","unstructured":"F. Putze , D. Wei\u03b2 , L. Vortmann and T. Schultz , \" Augmented Reality Interface for Smart Home Control using SSVEP-BCI and Eye Gaze,\"\u00a02019 IEEE International Conference on Systems , Man and Cybernetics (SMC) , Bari, Italy , 2019 , pp. 2812 - 2817 . F. Putze, D. Wei\u03b2, L. Vortmann and T. Schultz, \"Augmented Reality Interface for Smart Home Control using SSVEP-BCI and Eye Gaze,\"\u00a02019 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC), Bari, Italy, 2019, pp. 2812-2817."},{"volume-title":"Feasibility, Design and Evaluation,\" in\u00a0IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics","author":"H. Si-Mohammed\u00a0et","unstructured":"H. Si-Mohammed\u00a0et al., \" Towards BCI- Based Interfaces for Augmented Reality : Feasibility, Design and Evaluation,\" in\u00a0IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics , vol. 26 , no. 3, pp. 1608-1621, 1 March 2020. H. Si-Mohammed\u00a0et al., \"Towards BCI-Based Interfaces for Augmented Reality: Feasibility, Design and Evaluation,\" in\u00a0IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics, vol. 26, no. 3, pp. 1608-1621, 1 March 2020.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3267242.3267268"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","DOI":"10.3389\/fnins.2011.00060"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","DOI":"10.1145\/3334480.3382889"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2825378"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"A telepresence mobile robot controlled with a noninvasive brain\u2013 computer interface","volume":"42","author":"Escolano","year":"2012","unstructured":"Escolano C, Antelis JM , Minguez J . A telepresence mobile robot controlled with a noninvasive brain\u2013 computer interface . IEEE SMC. 42 , 3 ( 2012 ), 793\u2013804. Escolano C, Antelis JM, Minguez J. A telepresence mobile robot controlled with a noninvasive brain\u2013 computer interface. IEEE SMC. 42, 3 (2012), 793\u2013804.","journal-title":"IEEE SMC."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"1","volume-title":"4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)","author":"Angrisani L.","year":"2018","unstructured":"L. Angrisani , P. Arpaia , N. Moccaldi and A. Esposito , \" Wearable Augmented Reality and Brain Computer Interface to Improve Human-Robot Interactions in Smart Industry: A Feasibility Study for SSVEP Signals,\"\u00a02018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI) , Palermo , 2018 , pp. 1 - 5 . L. Angrisani, P. Arpaia, N. Moccaldi and A. Esposito, \"Wearable Augmented Reality and Brain Computer Interface to Improve Human-Robot Interactions in Smart Industry: A Feasibility Study for SSVEP Signals,\"\u00a02018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI), Palermo, 2018, pp. 1-5."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1460-9568.2005.04482.x"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuroimage.2008.08.022"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Systems Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, 481\u2013487 (IEEE","author":"Treder B.","year":"2010","unstructured":"Schmidt, N., Blankertz, B. & Treder , M. S. \u03b1-modulation induced by covert attention shifts as a new input modality for EEG-based BCIs . In Systems Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, 481\u2013487 (IEEE , 2010 ). Schmidt, N., Blankertz, B. & Treder, M. S. \u03b1-modulation induced by covert attention shifts as a new input modality for EEG-based BCIs. In Systems Man and Cybernetics (SMC), 2010 IEEE International Conference on, 481\u2013487 (IEEE, 2010)."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/8\/6\/066003"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-0003-8-24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","first-page":"358","article-title":"Decoding covert shifts of attention induced by ambiguous visuospatial cues","volume":"9","author":"Clerc R. E.","year":"2015","unstructured":"Trachel, R. E. , Clerc , M. & Brochier , T. G . Decoding covert shifts of attention induced by ambiguous visuospatial cues . Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9 , 358 ( 2015 ). Trachel, R. E., Clerc, M. & Brochier, T. G. Decoding covert shifts of attention induced by ambiguous visuospatial cues. Front. Hum. Neurosci. 9, 358 (2015).","journal-title":"Front. Hum. Neurosci."},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","DOI":"10.1088\/1741-2560\/9\/4\/045011"},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/www.unicorn-bi.com  https:\/\/www.unicorn-bi.com","key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1"},{"doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Beck J M Ma W J Kiani R Hanks T Churchland A K Roitman J Shadlen M N Latham P E and Pouget A 2008 Probabilistic population codes for Bayesian decision makingNeuron601142\u201352  Beck J M Ma W J Kiani R Hanks T Churchland A K Roitman J Shadlen M N Latham P E and Pouget A 2008 Probabilistic population codes for Bayesian decision makingNeuron601142\u201352","key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuron.2008.09.021"},{"unstructured":"https:\/\/microsoft.github.io\/MixedRealityToolkit-Unity\/Documentation\/EyeTracking\/EyeTracking_EyeGazeProvider.html  https:\/\/microsoft.github.io\/MixedRealityToolkit-Unity\/Documentation\/EyeTracking\/EyeTracking_EyeGazeProvider.html","key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","first-page":"52","article-title":"Better than Random? A closer look on BCI results","volume":"10","author":"Pfurtscheller R.","year":"2008","unstructured":"M\u00fcller-Putz, G., Scherer, R., Brunner, C., Leeb, R. & Pfurtscheller , G . Better than Random? A closer look on BCI results . International Journal of Bioelektromagnetism. 10 , 52 \u2013 55 ( 2008 ). M\u00fcller-Putz, G., Scherer, R., Brunner, C., Leeb, R. & Pfurtscheller, G. Better than Random? A closer look on BCI results. International Journal of Bioelektromagnetism. 10, 52\u201355 (2008).","journal-title":"International Journal of Bioelektromagnetism."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Attending to Visual Stimuli versus Performing Visual Imagery as a Control Strategy for EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces.\u00a0Sci Rep8,\u00a013222","author":"L\u00e9cuyer J.T.","year":"2018","unstructured":"Kosmyna, N., Lindgren, J.T. & L\u00e9cuyer , A. Attending to Visual Stimuli versus Performing Visual Imagery as a Control Strategy for EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces.\u00a0Sci Rep8,\u00a013222 ( 2018 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-31472-9 Kosmyna, N., Lindgren, J.T. & L\u00e9cuyer, A. Attending to Visual Stimuli versus Performing Visual Imagery as a Control Strategy for EEG-based Brain-Computer Interfaces.\u00a0Sci Rep8,\u00a013222 (2018). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-018-31472-9"},{"volume-title":"Proceedings of 2021 International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (IEEE BSN '21). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA.","author":"Kosmyna Nataliya","unstructured":"Nataliya Kosmyna , Qiuxuan Wu , Chi-Yun Hu , Yujie Wang , Cassandra Scheirer , Pattie Maes . Assessing Internal and External Attention in AR using Brain Computer Interfaces: A Pilot Study . In Proceedings of 2021 International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (IEEE BSN '21). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA. Nataliya Kosmyna, Qiuxuan Wu, Chi-Yun Hu, Yujie Wang, Cassandra Scheirer, Pattie Maes. Assessing Internal and External Attention in AR using Brain Computer Interfaces: A Pilot Study. In Proceedings of 2021 International Conference on Wearable and Implantable Body Sensor Networks (IEEE BSN '21). Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, USA.","key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1"}],"event":{"sponsor":["SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing","SIGCHI ACM Special Interest Group on Computer-Human Interaction","SIGSPATIAL ACM Special Interest Group on Spatial Information"],"acronym":"UbiComp '21","name":"UbiComp '21: The 2021 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing","location":"Virtual USA"},"container-title":["2021 International Symposium on Wearable Computers"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3460421.3480420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3460421.3480420","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:49:22Z","timestamp":1750193362000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3460421.3480420"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3460421.3480420","10.1145\/3460421"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3460421.3480420","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,21]]}}}