{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,2]],"date-time":"2026-03-02T20:47:37Z","timestamp":1772484457605,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":38,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1631577600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Internet Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In Cloud computing deployments, specifically in the Infrastructure-as-a-Service (IaaS) model, networking is one of the core enabling facilities provided for the users. The IaaS approach ensures significant flexibility and manageability, since the networking resources and topologies are entirely under users\u2019 control. In this context, considerable efforts have been devoted to promoting the Cloud paradigm as a suitable solution for managing IoT environments. Deep and genuine integration between the two ecosystems, Cloud and IoT, may only be attainable at the IaaS level. In light of extending the IoT domain capabilities\u2019 with Cloud-based mechanisms akin to the IaaS Cloud model, network virtualization is a fundamental enabler of infrastructure-oriented IoT deployments. Indeed, an IoT deployment without networking resilience and adaptability makes it unsuitable to meet user-level demands and services\u2019 requirements. Such a limitation makes the IoT-based services adopted in very specific and statically defined scenarios, thus leading to limited plurality and diversity of use cases. This article presents a Cloud-based approach for network virtualization in an IoT context using the de-facto standard IaaS middleware, OpenStack, and its networking subsystem, Neutron. OpenStack is being extended to enable the instantiation of virtual\/overlay networks between Cloud-based instances (e.g., virtual machines, containers, and bare metal servers) and\/or geographically distributed IoT nodes deployed at the network edge.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3460818","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]],"date-time":"2021-09-14T16:03:26Z","timestamp":1631635406000},"page":"1-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Cloud-based Network Virtualization in IoT with OpenStack"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"22","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3043-5403","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zakaria","family":"Benomar","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina, Messina, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6299-140X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Francesco","family":"Longo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina, Italy and CINI: National Interuniversity Consortium for Informatics, Rome, Italy"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1469-7860","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giovanni","family":"Merlino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina, Italy and CINI: National Interuniversity Consortium for Informatics, Rome, Italy"}]},{"given":"Antonio","family":"Puliafito","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Messina, Italy and CINI: National Interuniversity Consortium for Informatics, Rome, Italy"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3379444"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Zakaria Benomar Dario Bruneo Salvatore Distefano Khalid Elbaamrani Noureddine Idboufker Francesco Longo Giovanni Merlino and Antonio Puliafito. 2018. Extending openstack for cloud-based networking at the edge. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings\u201918) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom\u201918) and IEEE Cyber Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom\u201918) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData\u201918). IEEE 162\u2013169.  Zakaria Benomar Dario Bruneo Salvatore Distefano Khalid Elbaamrani Noureddine Idboufker Francesco Longo Giovanni Merlino and Antonio Puliafito. 2018. Extending openstack for cloud-based networking at the edge. In Proceedings of the IEEE International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings\u201918) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom\u201918) and IEEE Cyber Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom\u201918) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData\u201918). IEEE 162\u2013169.","DOI":"10.1109\/Cybermatics_2018.2018.00058"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_3_1.1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Benomar F. Longo G. Merlino and A. Puliafito. 2019. Enabling container-based fog computing with OpenStack. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings'19) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom'19) and IEEE Cyber Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom'19) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData'19). IEEE 1049-1056. DOI:https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1109\/iThings\/GreenCom\/CPSCom\/SmartData.2019.00181 10.1109\/iThings","DOI":"10.1109\/iThings\/GreenCom\/CPSCom\/SmartData.2019.00181"},{"key":"#cr-split#-e_1_2_1_3_1.2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Z. Benomar F. Longo G. Merlino and A. Puliafito. 2019. Enabling container-based fog computing with OpenStack. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Internet of Things (iThings'19) and IEEE Green Computing and Communications (GreenCom'19) and IEEE Cyber Physical and Social Computing (CPSCom'19) and IEEE Smart Data (SmartData'19). IEEE 1049-1056. 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