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Comput.-Hum. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Emotional expressivity is essential for human interactions, informing both perception and decision-making. Here, we examine whether creating an audio-visual emotional channel mismatch influences decision-making in a cooperative task with a virtual character. We created a virtual character that was either congruent in its emotional expression (smiling in the face and voice) or incongruent (smiling in only one channel). People (N = 98) evaluated the character in terms of valence and arousal in an online study; then, visitors in a museum played the \u201clunar survival task\u201d with the character over three experiments (N = 597, 78, 101, respectively). Exploratory results suggest that multi-modal expressions are perceived, and reacted upon, differently than unimodal expressions, supporting previous theories of audio-visual integration.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3469232","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,3,22]],"date-time":"2022-03-22T18:59:18Z","timestamp":1647975558000},"page":"1-38","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":13,"title":["The Effect of Audio-Visual Smiles on Social Influence in a Cooperative Human\u2013Agent Interaction Task"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"28","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8601-1370","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ilaria","family":"Torre","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KTH Royal Institute of Technology and Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"}]},{"given":"Emma","family":"Carrigan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland"}]},{"given":"Katarina","family":"Domijan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Maynooth University, Maynooth Co. 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