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Typically, BVI people can only perceive obstacles at a short distance (about 1\u00a0m, in case they are using the white cane), and some obstacles are hard to detect (e.g\n            <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n            , those elevated from the ground), or should not be hit by the white cane (e.g\n            <jats:italic>.<\/jats:italic>\n            , a standing person). A solution to these problems can be found in recent computer-vision techniques that can run on mobile and wearable devices to detect obstacles at a distance. However, in addition to detecting obstacles, it is also necessary to convey information about them in real time.\n          <\/jats:p>\n          <jats:p>\n            This contribution presents\n            <jats:italic>WatchOut<\/jats:italic>\n            , a sonification technique for conveying real-time information about the main properties of an obstacle to a BVI person, who can then use this additional feedback to safely navigate in the environment.\n            <jats:italic>WatchOut<\/jats:italic>\n            was designed with a user-centered approach, involving four iterations of online listening tests with BVI participants in order to define, improve and evaluate the sonification technique, eventually obtaining an almost perfect recognition accuracy.\n            <jats:italic>WatchOut<\/jats:italic>\n            was also implemented and tested as a module of a mobile app that detects obstacles using state-of-the-art computer vision technology. Results show that the system is considered usable and can guide the users to avoid more than 85% of the obstacles.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3470649","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,16]],"date-time":"2021-10-16T01:21:13Z","timestamp":1634347273000},"page":"1-27","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Iterative Design of Sonification Techniques to Support People with Visual Impairments in Obstacle Avoidance"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"14","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7643-9915","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Giorgio","family":"Presti","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5745-1230","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dragan","family":"Ahmetovic","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mattia","family":"Ducci","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3828-2352","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Cristian","family":"Bernareggi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8251-2231","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Luca A.","family":"Ludovico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8435-8373","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Adriano","family":"Barat\u00e8","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1257-5878","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Federico","family":"Avanzini","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8416-4023","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sergio","family":"Mascetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, University of Milan, Milan, Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_3_2_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 2nd LACCEI International Latin American Caribbean Conference. 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