{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:21:01Z","timestamp":1750220461420,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":38,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]],"date-time":"2021-08-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1628467200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CCF 1617749"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CCF 1617749"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3472456.3472510","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]],"date-time":"2021-10-05T18:39:57Z","timestamp":1633459197000},"page":"1-10","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Paratick: Reducing Timer Overhead in Virtual Machines"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Stijn","family":"Schildermans","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Kris","family":"Aerts","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"KU Leuven, Belgium"}]},{"given":"Jianchen","family":"Shan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hofstra University, United States of America"}]},{"given":"Xiaoning","family":"Ding","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"New Jersey Institute of Technology, United States of America"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,5]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"2016. [V4 4\/4] Utilize the vmx preemption timer for tsc deadline timer. https:\/\/patchwork.kernel.org\/project\/kvm\/patch\/1465852801-6684-5-git-send-email-yunhong.jiang@linux.intel.com\/ 2016. [V4 4\/4] Utilize the vmx preemption timer for tsc deadline timer. https:\/\/patchwork.kernel.org\/project\/kvm\/patch\/1465852801-6684-5-git-send-email-yunhong.jiang@linux.intel.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"2019. Timer Interrupt Sources. https:\/\/wiki.osdev.org\/Timer_Interrupt_Sources 2019. Timer Interrupt Sources. https:\/\/wiki.osdev.org\/Timer_Interrupt_Sources"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"2021. Open-Source Automated Benchmarking. https:\/\/www.phoronix-test-suite.com\/ 2021. Open-Source Automated Benchmarking. https:\/\/www.phoronix-test-suite.com\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"2021. torvalds\/linux. https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux 2021. torvalds\/linux. https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1168918.1168860"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MICRO.2014.49"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/354871.354872"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3015146"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1346281.1346286"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"MoBS","author":"Bienia Christian","year":"2009","unstructured":"Christian Bienia and Kai Li. [n.d.]. PARSEC 2.0 : A New Benchmark Suite for Chip-Multiprocessors . In MoBS 2009 . Christian Bienia and Kai Li. [n.d.]. PARSEC 2.0: A New Benchmark Suite for Chip-Multiprocessors. In MoBS 2009."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Timothy Broomhead Laurence Cremean Julien Ridoux and Darryl Veitch. 2010. Virtualize Everything but Time.. In OSDI Vol.\u00a010. 1\u20136. Timothy Broomhead Laurence Cremean Julien Ridoux and Darryl Veitch. 2010. Virtualize Everything but Time.. In OSDI Vol.\u00a010. 1\u20136.","DOI":"10.1109\/ISPCS.2009.5340210"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Chehab and Julia Lawall","author":"C.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mauro\u00a0 C. Chehab and Julia Lawall . 2020 . NO HZ : Reducing scheduling-clock ticks. Linux Kernel Source Tree (July 2020). https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux\/blob\/master\/Documentation\/timers\/no_hz.rst Mauro\u00a0C. Chehab and Julia Lawall. 2020. NO HZ: Reducing scheduling-clock ticks. Linux Kernel Source Tree (July 2020). https:\/\/github.com\/torvalds\/linux\/blob\/master\/Documentation\/timers\/no_hz.rst"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2901318.2901321"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"Jonathan Corbet. 2015. Reinventing the timer wheel. https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/646950 Jonathan Corbet. 2015. Reinventing the timer wheel. https:\/\/lwn.net\/Articles\/646950"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14)","author":"Ding Xiaoning","year":"2014","unstructured":"Xiaoning Ding , Phillip\u00a0 B Gibbons , Michael\u00a0 A Kozuch , and Jianchen Shan . 2014 . Gleaner: Mitigating the blocked-waiter wakeup problem for virtualized multicore applications . In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14) . 73\u201384. Xiaoning Ding, Phillip\u00a0B Gibbons, Michael\u00a0A Kozuch, and Jianchen Shan. 2014. Gleaner: Mitigating the blocked-waiter wakeup problem for virtualized multicore applications. In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14). 73\u201384."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Diagnosing Virtualization Overhead for Multi-threaded Computation on Multicore Platforms. In 2015 IEEE 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom). IEEE, 226\u2013233","author":"Ding Xiaoning","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xiaoning Ding and Jianchen Shan . 2015 . Diagnosing Virtualization Overhead for Multi-threaded Computation on Multicore Platforms. In 2015 IEEE 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom). IEEE, 226\u2013233 . Xiaoning Ding and Jianchen Shan. 2015. Diagnosing Virtualization Overhead for Multi-threaded Computation on Multicore Platforms. In 2015 IEEE 7th International Conference on Cloud Computing Technology and Science (CloudCom). IEEE, 226\u2013233."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpdc.2012.01.020"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/RTAS.2018.00011"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/781027.781049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/781027.781049"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"How to deal with lock holder preemption. Xen Summit North America 164","author":"Friebel Thomas","year":"2008","unstructured":"Thomas Friebel and Sebastian Biemueller . 2008. How to deal with lock holder preemption. Xen Summit North America 164 ( 2008 ). Thomas Friebel and Sebastian Biemueller. 2008. How to deal with lock holder preemption. Xen Summit North America 164 (2008)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"SI","author":"Goel Ashvin","year":"2002","unstructured":"Ashvin Goel , Luca Abeni , Charles Krasic , Jim Snow , and Jonathan Walpole . 2002. Supporting time-sensitive applications on a commodity OS. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 36 , SI ( 2002 ), 165\u2013180. Ashvin Goel, Luca Abeni, Charles Krasic, Jim Snow, and Jonathan Walpole. 2002. Supporting time-sensitive applications on a commodity OS. ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 36, SI (2002), 165\u2013180."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Intel. 2019. Intel(R) RDT Software Package. https:\/\/github.com\/intel\/intel-cmt-cat. Intel. 2019. Intel(R) RDT Software Package. https:\/\/github.com\/intel\/intel-cmt-cat."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18)","author":"Kashyap Sanidhya","year":"2018","unstructured":"Sanidhya Kashyap , Changwoo Min , and Taesoo Kim . 2018 . Scaling Guest OS Critical Sections with eCS . In 2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18) . 159\u2013172. Sanidhya Kashyap, Changwoo Min, and Taesoo Kim. 2018. Scaling Guest OS Critical Sections with eCS. In 2018 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 18). 159\u2013172."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14)","author":"Kivity Avi","year":"2014","unstructured":"Avi Kivity , Dor Laor , Glauber Costa , Pekka Enberg , Nadav Har\u2019El , Don Marti , and Vlad Zolotarov . 2014 . OSv\u2014optimizing the operating system for virtual machines . In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14) . 61\u201372. Avi Kivity, Dor Laor, Glauber Costa, Pekka Enberg, Nadav Har\u2019El, Don Marti, and Vlad Zolotarov. 2014. OSv\u2014optimizing the operating system for virtual machines. In 2014 USENIX Annual Technical Conference (USENIX ATC 14). 61\u201372."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2451512.2451549"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3007611.2892245"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1357010.1352614"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","unstructured":"Rusty Russell. 2005. Unreliable Guide To Hacking The Linux Kernel. https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/htmldocs\/kernel-hacking\/index.html Rusty Russell. 2005. Unreliable Guide To Hacking The Linux Kernel. https:\/\/www.kernel.org\/doc\/htmldocs\/kernel-hacking\/index.html"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","first-page":"76","article-title":"Ptlbmalloc2: Reducing TLB Shootdowns with High Memory Efficiency","volume":"2020","author":"Schildermans Stijn","year":"2020","unstructured":"Stijn Schildermans , Kris Aerts , Jianchen Shan , and Xiaoning Ding . 2020 . Ptlbmalloc2: Reducing TLB Shootdowns with High Memory Efficiency . ISPA-BDCloud-SocialCom-SustainCom 2020 (2020), 76 \u2013 83 . Stijn Schildermans, Kris Aerts, Jianchen Shan, and Xiaoning Ding. 2020. Ptlbmalloc2: Reducing TLB Shootdowns with High Memory Efficiency. ISPA-BDCloud-SocialCom-SustainCom 2020(2020), 76\u201383.","journal-title":"ISPA-BDCloud-SocialCom-SustainCom"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2021.3064709"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPDS.2016.2625249"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Linux Symposium, Vol.\u00a02. Citeseer, 201\u2013207","author":"Siddha Suresh","year":"2007","unstructured":"Suresh Siddha , Venkatesh Pallipadi , and AVD Ven . 2007 . Getting maximum mileage out of tickless . In Proceedings of the Linux Symposium, Vol.\u00a02. Citeseer, 201\u2013207 . Suresh Siddha, Venkatesh Pallipadi, and AVD Ven. 2007. Getting maximum mileage out of tickless. In Proceedings of the Linux Symposium, Vol.\u00a02. Citeseer, 201\u2013207."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/PDSW49588.2019.00006"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2817817.2731189"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","unstructured":"VMware. 2011. Timekeeping in VMware Virtual Machines. VMware. 2011. Timekeeping in VMware Virtual Machines."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/DCS.1988.12538"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Hardware assisted virtualization intel virtualization technology. accessed at linux. linti. unlp. edu. ar\/images\/f\/f1\/Vtx. pdf","author":"Zabalj\u00e1uregui Mat\u0131as","year":"2008","unstructured":"Mat\u0131as Zabalj\u00e1uregui . 2008. Hardware assisted virtualization intel virtualization technology. accessed at linux. linti. unlp. edu. ar\/images\/f\/f1\/Vtx. pdf ( 2008 ), 1\u201354. Mat\u0131as Zabalj\u00e1uregui. 2008. Hardware assisted virtualization intel virtualization technology. accessed at linux. linti. unlp. edu. ar\/images\/f\/f1\/Vtx. pdf (2008), 1\u201354."}],"event":{"name":"ICPP 2021: 50th International Conference on Parallel Processing","acronym":"ICPP 2021","location":"Lemont IL USA"},"container-title":["50th International Conference on Parallel Processing"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3472456.3472510","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3472456.3472510","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3472456.3472510","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:48:12Z","timestamp":1750193292000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3472456.3472510"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"references-count":38,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3472456.3472510","10.1145\/3472456"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3472456.3472510","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,8,9]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-10-05","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}