{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,13]],"date-time":"2026-04-13T20:57:27Z","timestamp":1776113847510,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":66,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"CSCW2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]],"date-time":"2021-10-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1634083200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"name":"National Science Foundation","award":["CRII:SaTC-1755625"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CRII:SaTC-1755625"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>In contrast to existing, static audience controls that map poorly onto users' ideal audiences on social networking sites, dynamic audience selection (DAS) controls can make intelligent inferences to help users select their ideal audience given context and content. But does this potential utility outweigh its potential intrusiveness? We surveyed 250 participants to model users' ideal versus their chosen audiences with static controls and found a significant misalignment, suggesting that DAS might provide utility. We then designed a sensitizing prototype that allowed users to select audiences based on personal attributes, content, or context constraints. We evaluated DAS vis-a-vis Facebook's existing audience selection controls through a counterbalanced summative evaluation. We found that DAS's expressiveness, customizability, and scalability made participants feel more confident about the content they shared on Facebook. However, low transparency, distrust in algorithmic inferences, and the emergence of privacy-violating side channels made participants find the prototype unreliable or intrusive. We discuss factors that affected this trade-off between DAS's utility and intrusiveness and synthesize design implications for future audience selection tools.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3476083","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T02:30:11Z","timestamp":1634610611000},"page":"1-30","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Exploring the Utility Versus Intrusiveness of Dynamic Audience Selection on Facebook"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Sindhu Kiranmai","family":"Ernala","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Stephanie S.","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuxi","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rachel","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kristen","family":"Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sauvik","family":"Das","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11957454_3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CIC.2016.079"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2207680"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979275"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Measuring Desirability: New methods for evaluating desirability in a usability lab setting","author":"Benedek Joey","year":"2002","unstructured":"Joey Benedek and Trish Miner. 2002. Measuring Desirability: New methods for evaluating desirability in a usability lab setting. Proceedings of Usability Professionals Association, Vol. 2003, 8--12 (2002), 57."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2470654.2470658"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1518701.1518849"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"What is wrong with social theory? American sociological review","author":"Blumer Herbert","year":"1954","unstructured":"Herbert Blumer. 1954. What is wrong with social theory? American sociological review, Vol. 19, 1 (1954), 3--10."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500304"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"International journal of communication","author":"Brake David Russell","year":"2012","unstructured":"David Russell Brake. 2012. Who do they think they're talking to? Framings of the audience by social media users. International journal of communication, Vol. 6 (2012), 21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/1369118X.2012.710245"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557094"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2295136.2295142"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Personalization versus privacy: An empirical examination of the online consumer's dilemma. Information technology and management","author":"Chellappa Ramnath K","year":"2005","unstructured":"Ramnath K Chellappa and Raymond G Sin. 2005. Personalization versus privacy: An empirical examination of the online consumer's dilemma. Information technology and management, Vol. 6, 2--3 (2005), 181--202."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Self-censorship on Facebook. In Seventh international AAAI conference on weblogs and social media .","author":"Das Sauvik","year":"2013","unstructured":"Sauvik Das and Adam Kramer. 2013. Self-censorship on Facebook. In Seventh international AAAI conference on weblogs and social media ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1978942.1979280"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Seventh international AAAI conference on Weblogs and social media. Citeseer.","author":"Ellison Nicole","year":"2013","unstructured":"Nicole Ellison, Rebecca Gray, Jessica Vitak, Cliff Lampe, and Andrew T Fiore. 2013. Calling all Facebook friends: Exploring requests for help on Facebook. In Seventh international AAAI conference on Weblogs and social media. Citeseer."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3134678"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702556"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/160940690600500107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2145204.2145320"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2208670"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Erving Goffman et al. 1978. The presentation of self in everyday life .Harmondsworth London."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0002764211409378"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11109-006-9008-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467610385893"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Chi","author":"Kairam Sanjay","year":"2012","unstructured":"Sanjay Kairam, Mike Brzozowski, David Huffaker, and Ed Chi. 2012. Talking in circles: selective sharing in google"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. 1065--1074","unstructured":". In Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on human factors in computing systems. 1065--1074."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377325.3377504"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23765-2_15"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Assisting humans in privacy management: an agent-based approach","volume":"35","author":"Can Kurtan A","year":"2021","unstructured":"A Can Kurtan and Pinar Yolum. 2021. Assisting humans in privacy management: an agent-based approach. Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems, Vol. 35, 1 (2021), 1--33.","journal-title":"Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TrustCom.2011.31"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2012.705195"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Eden Litt and Eszter Hargittai. 2016. The Imagined Audience on Social Network Sites. Social Media","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305116633482"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","unstructured":"Society Vol. 2 1 (Jan 2016) 205630511663348. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1177\/2056305116633482","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305116633482"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1287\/isre.1040.0032"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New media & society","author":"Marwick Alice E","year":"2011","unstructured":"Alice E Marwick and Danah Boyd. 2011. I tweet honestly, I tweet passionately: Twitter users, context collapse, and the imagined audience. New media & society, Vol. 13, 1 (2011), 114--133."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Networked privacy: How teenagers negotiate context in social media. New media & society","author":"Marwick Alice E","year":"2014","unstructured":"Alice E Marwick and Danah Boyd. 2014. Networked privacy: How teenagers negotiate context in social media. New media & society, Vol. 16, 7 (2014), 1051--1067."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/MIC.2017.4180831"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-642-23765-2_14"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.iheduc.2010.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"FL","author":"Rosson Mary Beth","year":"2009","unstructured":"Mary Beth Rosson and John M Carroll. 2009. Scenario based design. Human-computer interaction. boca raton, FL (2009), 145--162."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557175"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1531674.1531689"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2441776.2441865"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858170"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/07370020903586696"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1753326.1753559"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.appdev.2008.07.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","first-page":"59","article-title":"A theory of creepy: technology, privacy and shifting social norms","volume":"16","author":"Tene Omer","year":"2013","unstructured":"Omer Tene and Jules Polonetsky. 2013. A theory of creepy: technology, privacy and shifting social norms. Yale JL & Tech., Vol. 16 (2013), 59.","journal-title":"Yale JL & Tech."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1609\/aaai.v32i1.12180"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1658939.1658959"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/0270467607311484"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2335356.2335362"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2335356.2335362"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/08838151.2012.732140"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","first-page":"0","article-title":"Balancing Audience and Privacy Tensions on Social Network Sites: Strategies of Highly Engaged Users","volume":"9","author":"Vitak Jessica","year":"2015","unstructured":"Jessica Vitak, Stacy Blasiola, Sameer Patil, and Eden Litt. 2015. Balancing Audience and Privacy Tensions on Social Network Sites: Strategies of Highly Engaged Users. International Journal of Communication, Vol. 9, 0 (May 2015), 20.","journal-title":"International Journal of Communication"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557413"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1655062.1655076"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2207676.2207761"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376424"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","volume-title":"John M Carroll, and Mary Beth Rosson.","author":"Xu Heng","year":"2011","unstructured":"Heng Xu, Xin Robert Luo, John M Carroll, and Mary Beth Rosson. 2011. The personalization privacy paradox: An exploratory study of decision making process for location-aware marketing. Decision support systems, Vol. 51, 1 (2011), 42--52."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","unstructured":"Qian Yang. 2018. Machine learning as a UX design material: How can we imagine beyond automation recommenders and reminders?. In AAAI Spring Symposia ."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858333"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","first-page":"3952","article-title":"A Group-Based Personalized Model for Image Privacy Classification and Labeling","volume":"17","author":"Zhong Haoti","year":"2017","unstructured":"Haoti Zhong, Anna Cinzia Squicciarini, David J Miller, and Cornelia Caragea. 2017. A Group-Based Personalized Model for Image Privacy Classification and Labeling. In IJCAI, Vol. 17. 3952--3958.","journal-title":"IJCAI"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3476083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3476083","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3476083","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,7,14]],"date-time":"2025-07-14T04:56:42Z","timestamp":1752469002000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3476083"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"references-count":66,"journal-issue":{"issue":"CSCW2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3476083"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3476083","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-10-18","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}