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We found that our participants' experiences of captioned small-group conversations are shaped by social, environmental, and technical considerations (e.g., interlocutors' pre-established relationships, the type of captioning displays available, and how far captions lag behind speech). When considering future captioning tools, participants were interested in greater feedback on non-speech elements of conversation (e.g., speaker identity, speech rate, volume) both for their personal use and to guide hearing interlocutors toward more accessible communication. We contribute a qualitative account of DHH people's real-time captioning experiences during small-group conversation and future design considerations to better support the groups being captioned, both in person and online.?<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3479578","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,19]],"date-time":"2021-10-19T02:46:19Z","timestamp":1634611579000},"page":"1-25","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":48,"title":["Social, Environmental, and Technical: Factors at Play in the Current Use and Future Design of Small-Group Captioning"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Emma J.","family":"McDonnell","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"given":"Ping","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"given":"Steven M.","family":"Goodman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"given":"Raja","family":"Kushalnagar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Gallaudet University, Washington, DC, USA"}]},{"given":"Jon E.","family":"Froehlich","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]},{"given":"Leah","family":"Findlater","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_2_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/638249.638284"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/deafed\/enh025"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0010-0277(72)90018--2"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3234695.3236348"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3051519.3051522"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290607.3312921"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3132525.3132541"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3173574.3173665"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2982142.2982177"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1191\/1478088706qp063oa"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/2159676X.2019.1628806"},{"key":"e_1_2_2_12_1","volume-title":"Thematic analysis","author":"Braun Virginia","year":"2021","unstructured":"Virginia Braun and Victoria Clarke. 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