{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,20]],"date-time":"2026-03-20T08:55:56Z","timestamp":1773996956951,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":25,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]],"date-time":"2022-04-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1650844800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3487553.3524666","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]],"date-time":"2022-08-16T22:41:30Z","timestamp":1660689690000},"page":"881-886","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Influence of Language Proficiency on the Readability of Review Text and Transformer-based Models for Determining Language Proficiency"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Salim","family":"Sazzed","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Old Dominion University, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,8,16]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","volume-title":"TOEFL11: A corpus of non-native English. ETS Research Report Series 2013, 2","author":"Blanchard Daniel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Daniel Blanchard , Joel Tetreault , Derrick Higgins , Aoife Cahill , and Martin Chodorow . 2013. TOEFL11: A corpus of non-native English. ETS Research Report Series 2013, 2 ( 2013 ), i\u201315. Daniel Blanchard, Joel Tetreault, Derrick Higgins, Aoife Cahill, and Martin Chodorow. 2013. TOEFL11: A corpus of non-native English. ETS Research Report Series 2013, 2 (2013), i\u201315."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Moving Ahead: Proceedings of the First Learner Corpus Research Conference (LCR","author":"Brooke Julian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Julian Brooke and Graeme Hirst . 2013 . Native language detection with \u2018cheap\u2019learner corpora. In Twenty Years of Learner Corpus Research. Looking Back , Moving Ahead: Proceedings of the First Learner Corpus Research Conference (LCR 2011), Vol.\u00a01. Presses universitaires de Louvain, 37. Julian Brooke and Graeme Hirst. 2013. Native language detection with \u2018cheap\u2019learner corpora. In Twenty Years of Learner Corpus Research. Looking Back, Moving Ahead: Proceedings of the First Learner Corpus Research Conference (LCR 2011), Vol.\u00a01. Presses universitaires de Louvain, 37."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"A computer readability formula designed for machine scoring.Journal of Applied Psychology 60, 2","author":"Coleman Meri","year":"1975","unstructured":"Meri Coleman and Ta\u00a0Lin Liau . 1975. A computer readability formula designed for machine scoring.Journal of Applied Psychology 60, 2 ( 1975 ), 283. Meri Coleman and Ta\u00a0Lin Liau. 1975. A computer readability formula designed for machine scoring.Journal of Applied Psychology 60, 2 (1975), 283."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jbusres.2019.01.071"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805(2018).","author":"Devlin Jacob","year":"2018","unstructured":"Jacob Devlin , Ming-Wei Chang , Kenton Lee , and Kristina Toutanova . 2018 . Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805(2018). Jacob Devlin, Ming-Wei Chang, Kenton Lee, and Kristina Toutanova. 2018. Bert: Pre-training of deep bidirectional transformers for language understanding. arXiv preprint arXiv:1810.04805(2018)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"The principles of readability.Online Submission","author":"DuBay H","year":"2004","unstructured":"William\u00a0 H DuBay . 2004. The principles of readability.Online Submission ( 2004 ). William\u00a0H DuBay. 2004. The principles of readability.Online Submission (2004)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","volume-title":"How to write plain English","author":"Flesch Rudolf","unstructured":"Rudolf Flesch . 1979. How to write plain English . University of Canterbury . Available at http:\/\/www. mang. canterbury. ac. nz\/writing_guide\/writing\/flesch. shtml.[Retrieved 5 February 2016] (1979). Rudolf Flesch. 1979. How to write plain English. University of Canterbury. Available at http:\/\/www. mang. canterbury. ac. nz\/writing_guide\/writing\/flesch. shtml.[Retrieved 5 February 2016] (1979)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"the 8th NAACL Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA8). 216\u2013223","author":"Gebre Binyam\u00a0Gebrekidan","year":"2013","unstructured":"Binyam\u00a0Gebrekidan Gebre , Marcos Zampieri , Peter Wittenburg , and Tom Heskes . 2013 . Improving native language identification with tf-idf weighting . In the 8th NAACL Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA8). 216\u2013223 . Binyam\u00a0Gebrekidan Gebre, Marcos Zampieri, Peter Wittenburg, and Tom Heskes. 2013. Improving native language identification with tf-idf weighting. In the 8th NAACL Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications (BEA8). 216\u2013223."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/D18-1395"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2307\/3588404"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol.\u00a06. 475\u2013478","author":"Guerini Marco","year":"2012","unstructured":"Marco Guerini , Alberto Pepe , and Bruno Lepri . 2012 . Do linguistic style and readability of scientific abstracts affect their virality? . In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol.\u00a06. 475\u2013478 . Marco Guerini, Alberto Pepe, and Bruno Lepri. 2012. Do linguistic style and readability of scientific abstracts affect their virality?. In Proceedings of the International AAAI Conference on Web and Social Media, Vol.\u00a06. 475\u2013478."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications. 111\u2013118","author":"Jarvis Scott","year":"2013","unstructured":"Scott Jarvis , Yves Bestgen , and Steve Pepper . 2013 . Maximizing classification accuracy in native language identification . In Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications. 111\u2013118 . Scott Jarvis, Yves Bestgen, and Steve Pepper. 2013. Maximizing classification accuracy in native language identification. In Proceedings of the Eighth Workshop on Innovative Use of NLP for Building Educational Applications. 111\u2013118."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijmedinf.2020.104230"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/11427995_17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Roberta: A robustly optimized bert pretraining approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692(2019).","author":"Liu Yinhan","year":"2019","unstructured":"Yinhan Liu , Myle Ott , Naman Goyal , Jingfei Du , Mandar Joshi , Danqi Chen , Omer Levy , Mike Lewis , Luke Zettlemoyer , and Veselin Stoyanov . 2019 . Roberta: A robustly optimized bert pretraining approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692(2019). Yinhan Liu, Myle Ott, Naman Goyal, Jingfei Du, Mandar Joshi, Danqi Chen, Omer Levy, Mike Lewis, Luke Zettlemoyer, and Veselin Stoyanov. 2019. Roberta: A robustly optimized bert pretraining approach. arXiv preprint arXiv:1907.11692(2019)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TPC.2014.2373891"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jcpy.1073"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/1953048.2078195"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3383202","article-title":"Native language identification of fluent and advanced non-native writers","volume":"19","author":"Sarwar Raheem","year":"2020","unstructured":"Raheem Sarwar , Attapol\u00a0 T Rutherford , Saeed-Ul Hassan , Thanawin Rakthanmanon , and Sarana Nutanong . 2020 . Native language identification of fluent and advanced non-native writers . ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing (TALLIP) 19 , 4 (2020), 1 \u2013 19 . Raheem Sarwar, Attapol\u00a0T Rutherford, Saeed-Ul Hassan, Thanawin Rakthanmanon, and Sarana Nutanong. 2020. Native language identification of fluent and advanced non-native writers. ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing (TALLIP) 19, 4 (2020), 1\u201319.","journal-title":"ACM Transactions on Asian and Low-Resource Language Information Processing (TALLIP)"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.26615\/978-954-452-072-4_144"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"Salim Sazzed. 2022. Stylometric Analysis and Classification of Demographically Diverse Review Data (in press).  Salim Sazzed. 2022. Stylometric Analysis and Classification of Demographically Diverse Review Data (in press)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2740908.2741718"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the eighth workshop on innovative use of NLP for building educational applications. 48\u201357","author":"Tetreault Joel","year":"2013","unstructured":"Joel Tetreault , Daniel Blanchard , and Aoife Cahill . 2013 . A report on the first native language identification shared task . In Proceedings of the eighth workshop on innovative use of NLP for building educational applications. 48\u201357 . Joel Tetreault, Daniel Blanchard, and Aoife Cahill. 2013. A report on the first native language identification shared task. In Proceedings of the eighth workshop on innovative use of NLP for building educational applications. 48\u201357."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/2020.emnlp-demos.6"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Australasian Language Technology Association Workshop","author":"Wong Meng\u00a0Jojo","year":"2009","unstructured":"Sze- Meng\u00a0Jojo Wong and Mark Dras . 2009 . Contrastive analysis and native language identification . In Proceedings of the Australasian Language Technology Association Workshop 2009. 53\u201361. Sze-Meng\u00a0Jojo Wong and Mark Dras. 2009. Contrastive analysis and native language identification. In Proceedings of the Australasian Language Technology Association Workshop 2009. 53\u201361."}],"event":{"name":"WWW '22: The ACM Web Conference 2022","location":"Virtual Event, Lyon France","acronym":"WWW '22","sponsor":["SIGWEB ACM Special Interest Group on Hypertext, Hypermedia, and Web"]},"container-title":["Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2022"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3487553.3524666","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3487553.3524666","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T19:30:22Z","timestamp":1750188622000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3487553.3524666"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"references-count":25,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3487553.3524666","10.1145\/3487553"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3487553.3524666","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,25]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-08-16","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}