{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,18]],"date-time":"2025-06-18T04:21:22Z","timestamp":1750220482826,"version":"3.41.0"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":21,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]],"date-time":"2021-09-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1632441600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3488933.3489034","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]],"date-time":"2022-02-25T11:36:59Z","timestamp":1645789019000},"page":"574-579","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Hybrid Chinese Grammar Error Checking Model Based on Transformer"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Nawei","family":"Zhong","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"}]},{"given":"Xiaoge","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"}]},{"given":"Long","family":"Qin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Technology, Xi'an University of Posts and Telecommunications, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"3242","article-title":"Is Word Segmentation Necessary for Deep Learning of Chinese Representations? [C]\/\/Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","volume":"2019","author":"Li Xiaoya","unstructured":"Meng, Yuxian, Xiaoya Li , Xiaofei Sun , Qinghong Han , Arianna Yuan , Jiwei Li . Is Word Segmentation Necessary for Deep Learning of Chinese Representations? [C]\/\/Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics . Florence , 2019 : 3242 - 3253 Meng, Yuxian, Xiaoya Li, Xiaofei Sun, Qinghong Han, Arianna Yuan, Jiwei Li. Is Word Segmentation Necessary for Deep Learning of Chinese Representations? [C]\/\/Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Florence,2019: 3242-3253","journal-title":"Florence"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Where Do Chinese Readers Send Their Eyes? [C]\/\/In The Mind's Eye: Cognitive and Applied Aspects of Eye","author":"McConkie J. L.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Tsai, J. L. , McConkie , G. W. Where Do Chinese Readers Send Their Eyes? [C]\/\/In The Mind's Eye: Cognitive and Applied Aspects of Eye . Elsevier , 2003 : 159-176. Tsai, J. L., McConkie, G. W. Where Do Chinese Readers Send Their Eyes? [C]\/\/In The Mind's Eye: Cognitive and Applied Aspects of Eye. Elsevier,2003: 159-176."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","first-page":"651","article-title":"Combining association measures for collocation extraction [C] \/\/ Proceeding Soft of the 21th International Conference on Computational Linguisticsand 44th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","volume":"2006","author":"Pecina","unstructured":"Pecina P, Schlesinger P . Combining association measures for collocation extraction [C] \/\/ Proceeding Soft of the 21th International Conference on Computational Linguisticsand 44th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics , Sydney. 2006 : 651 \u2013 658 . Pecina P, Schlesinger P. Combining association measures for collocation extraction [C] \/\/ Proceeding Soft of the 21th International Conference on Computational Linguisticsand 44th Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics, Sydney. 2006: 651\u2013658.","journal-title":"Sydney."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"Du Liping Li Xiaoge Yu gen Liu Chunli Liu Rui. Improvement of Chinese word segmentation system based on new word discovery based on mutual information improvement algorithm [J]\/\/Journal of Peking University (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION). 2016 52 (01): 35-40.  Du Liping Li Xiaoge Yu gen Liu Chunli Liu Rui. Improvement of Chinese word segmentation system based on new word discovery based on mutual information improvement algorithm [J]\/\/Journal of Peking University (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION). 2016 52 (01): 35-40."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Wang Yingying, Du Yongping, Yang Erhong. Chinese grammar error correction method based on transformer enhanced architecture [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology.","author":"Chencheng Wang","year":"2020","unstructured":"Wang Chencheng , Yang liner , Wang Yingying, Du Yongping, Yang Erhong. Chinese grammar error correction method based on transformer enhanced architecture [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology. 2020 ,34 (06): 106-114. Wang Chencheng, Yang liner, Wang Yingying, Du Yongping, Yang Erhong. Chinese grammar error correction method based on transformer enhanced architecture [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology. 2020,34 (06): 106-114."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","first-page":"4171","article-title":"Pre-training of dep bidirectional transformers for language understanding[C]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","volume":"2019","author":"Devlin","unstructured":"Devlin J, Chang M W , Le K, BERT : Pre-training of dep bidirectional transformers for language understanding[C]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics : Human Lan-guage Technologies. Minneapolis , 2019 : 4171 - 4186 . Devlin J, Chang M W, Le K, BERT:Pre-training of dep bidirectional transformers for language understanding[C]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics:Human Lan-guage Technologies. Minneapolis,2019: 4171- 4186.","journal-title":"Human Lan-guage Technologies. Minneapolis"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/T-C.1974.223971"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","volume-title":"Real-Word Spelling Correction using Google Web 1T 3-grams[C]\/\/Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing","author":"Inkpen D.","year":"2009","unstructured":"Islam, Aminul, D. Inkpen . Real-Word Spelling Correction using Google Web 1T 3-grams[C]\/\/Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing . Singapore , 2009 : 1241-1249. Islam, Aminul, D. Inkpen. Real-Word Spelling Correction using Google Web 1T 3-grams[C]\/\/Empirical Methods in Natural Language Processing. Singapore,2009: 1241-1249."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Alibaba at IJCNLP-2017 Task 1: Embedding Grammatical Features into LSTMs for Chinese Grammatical Error Diagnosis Task[C]\/\/International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing","author":"Xie Pengjun","year":"2017","unstructured":"Yang, Yi, Pengjun Xie , Jun Tao , G. Xu , Linlin Li , Si Luo . Alibaba at IJCNLP-2017 Task 1: Embedding Grammatical Features into LSTMs for Chinese Grammatical Error Diagnosis Task[C]\/\/International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing . Sydney , 2017 : 41-46. Yang, Yi, Pengjun Xie, Jun Tao, G. Xu, Linlin Li, Si Luo. Alibaba at IJCNLP-2017 Task 1: Embedding Grammatical Features into LSTMs for Chinese Grammatical Error Diagnosis Task[C]\/\/International Joint Conference on Natural Language Processing. Sydney,2017: 41-46."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","first-page":"380","article-title":"Grammatical error correction using neural machine translation[J]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics","volume":"2016","unstructured":"Yuan, Zheng, Briscoe, Ted . Grammatical error correction using neural machine translation[J]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics : Human Lan-guage Technologies. San Diego , 2016 : 380 - 386 . Yuan, Zheng, Briscoe, Ted. Grammatical error correction using neural machine translation[J]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics:Human Lan-guage Technologies. San Diego, 2016: 380-386.","journal-title":"Human Lan-guage Technologies. San Diego"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","volume-title":"Automatic syntax error correction method for ESL articles based on LSTM and n-gram [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology","author":"Yongmei Tan","year":"2018","unstructured":"Tan Yongmei , Yang Yixiao , Yang Lin , Liu Shuwen . Automatic syntax error correction method for ESL articles based on LSTM and n-gram [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology . 2018 ,32 (06): 19-27. Tan Yongmei, Yang Yixiao, Yang Lin, Liu Shuwen. Automatic syntax error correction method for ESL articles based on LSTM and n-gram [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology. 2018,32 (06): 19-27."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","first-page":"5755","article-title":"A Multilayer Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Neural Network for Grammatical Error Correction[C]\/\/The Association for the Advance of Artificial Intelligence Conference on Artificial Intelligence","volume":"2018","author":"Ng H.","unstructured":"Chollampatt, Shamil, H. Ng . A Multilayer Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Neural Network for Grammatical Error Correction[C]\/\/The Association for the Advance of Artificial Intelligence Conference on Artificial Intelligence . Virginia , 2018 : 5755 - 5762 . Chollampatt, Shamil, H. Ng. A Multilayer Convolutional Encoder-Decoder Neural Network for Grammatical Error Correction[C]\/\/The Association for the Advance of Artificial Intelligence Conference on Artificial Intelligence. Virginia,2018: 5755-5762.","journal-title":"Virginia"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Near Human-Level Performance in Grammatical Error Correction with Hybrid Machine Translation[C]\/\/North American","author":"Junczys-Dowmunt Marcin","year":"2018","unstructured":"Grundkiewicz, Roman, Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt . Near Human-Level Performance in Grammatical Error Correction with Hybrid Machine Translation[C]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics \u2013 Human Language Technologies. New Orleans , 2018 : 284-290. Grundkiewicz, Roman, Marcin Junczys-Dowmunt. Near Human-Level Performance in Grammatical Error Correction with Hybrid Machine Translation[C]\/\/North American Chapter of the Association for Computational Linguistics \u2013 Human Language Technologies. New Orleans,2018: 284-290."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","first-page":"341","article-title":"Solution to the NLPCC-2018 Task 2 Challenge: A Neural Machine Translation Approach to Chinese Grammatical Error Correction[C]\/\/Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing","volume":"2018","author":"Huang J.","unstructured":"Fu, Kai, J. Huang , Yitao Duan . Youdao's Winning Solution to the NLPCC-2018 Task 2 Challenge: A Neural Machine Translation Approach to Chinese Grammatical Error Correction[C]\/\/Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing . Hohhot , 2018 : 341 - 350 . Fu, Kai, J. Huang, Yitao Duan. Youdao's Winning Solution to the NLPCC-2018 Task 2 Challenge: A Neural Machine Translation Approach to Chinese Grammatical Error Correction[C]\/\/Natural Language Processing and Chinese Computing. Hohhot,2018: 341-350.","journal-title":"Hohhot"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Chinese spelling error correction method based on transformer local information and grammar enhancement Architecture [J]\/\/Journal of Peking University (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION)","author":"Jianyong Duan","year":"2021","unstructured":"Duan Jianyong , Yuan Yang , Wang Hao . Chinese spelling error correction method based on transformer local information and grammar enhancement Architecture [J]\/\/Journal of Peking University (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION) . 2021 ,57 (01): 61-67. Duan Jianyong, Yuan Yang, Wang Hao. Chinese spelling error correction method based on transformer local information and grammar enhancement Architecture [J]\/\/Journal of Peking University (NATURAL SCIENCE EDITION). 2021,57 (01): 61-67."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"CPLM-CSC: Chinese typo correction method based on single word level pre training language model [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology","author":"Haihua Xie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Xie Haihua , Li Olin , Li Yabo , Chen Zhiyou , Cheng Jing , LV Xiaoqing , Tang Qi . CPLM-CSC: Chinese typo correction method based on single word level pre training language model [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology . 2021 ,35 (05): 38-45. Xie Haihua, Li Olin, Li Yabo, Chen Zhiyou, Cheng Jing, LV Xiaoqing, Tang Qi. CPLM-CSC: Chinese typo correction method based on single word level pre training language model [J]\/\/Chinese Journal of information technology. 2021,35 (05): 38-45."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","first-page":"311","article-title":"a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation[C]\/\/Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","volume":"2002","author":"Roukos S.","unstructured":"Papineni, Kishore, S. Roukos , T. Ward , Wei-Jing Zhu . Bleu : a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation[C]\/\/Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics . Grenoble , 2002 : 311 - 318 . Papineni, Kishore, S. Roukos, T. Ward, Wei-Jing Zhu. Bleu: a Method for Automatic Evaluation of Machine Translation[C]\/\/Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Grenoble,2002: 311-318.","journal-title":"Grenoble"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","first-page":"5998","article-title":"Attention is all you need[C]\/\/Advances in neural information processing systems","volume":"2017","author":"Vaswani","unstructured":"Vaswani A, Shazeer N, Parmar N , Attention is all you need[C]\/\/Advances in neural information processing systems . Red Hook , 2017 : 5998 - 6008 . Vaswani A, Shazeer N, Parmar N, Attention is all you need[C]\/\/Advances in neural information processing systems. Red Hook,2017: 5998-6008.","journal-title":"Red Hook"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Chinese Spelling Check System Based on N-gram Model[C]\/\/Proceedings of the Eighth SIGHAN Workshop on Chinese Language","author":"Huang Peijie","year":"2015","unstructured":"Xie, Weijian, Peijie Huang , Xinrui Zhang , Kaiduo Hong , Qiang Huang , Bingzhou Chen , Lei Huang . Chinese Spelling Check System Based on N-gram Model[C]\/\/Proceedings of the Eighth SIGHAN Workshop on Chinese Language . Beijing , 2015 :128-136. Xie, Weijian, Peijie Huang, Xinrui Zhang, Kaiduo Hong, Qiang Huang, Bingzhou Chen, Lei Huang. Chinese Spelling Check System Based on N-gram Model[C]\/\/Proceedings of the Eighth SIGHAN Workshop on Chinese Language. Beijing,2015:128-136."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","first-page":"5780","article-title":"Confusionset-guided Pointer Networks for Chinese Spelling Check[C]\/\/ Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics","volume":"2019","author":"Tay Yi","unstructured":"Wang, Dingmin, Yi Tay , Li Zhong . Confusionset-guided Pointer Networks for Chinese Spelling Check[C]\/\/ Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics . Florence , 2019 : 5780 - 5785 . Wang, Dingmin, Yi Tay, Li Zhong. Confusionset-guided Pointer Networks for Chinese Spelling Check[C]\/\/ Annual Meeting of the Association for Computational Linguistics. Florence, 2019: 5780-5785.","journal-title":"Florence"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Nguyen Minh-Thuan Gia H. Ngo Nancy F. Chen. [C]\/ Domain-Shift Conditioning Using Adaptable Filtering Via Hierarchical Embeddings for Robust Chinese Spell Check \/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing (Volume: 29). 2021: 2027-2036.  Nguyen Minh-Thuan Gia H. Ngo Nancy F. Chen. [C]\/ Domain-Shift Conditioning Using Adaptable Filtering Via Hierarchical Embeddings for Robust Chinese Spell Check \/Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Transactions on Audio Speech and Language Processing (Volume: 29). 2021: 2027-2036.","DOI":"10.1109\/TASLP.2021.3083108"}],"event":{"name":"AIPR 2021: 2021 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition","acronym":"AIPR 2021","location":"Xiamen China"},"container-title":["2021 4th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Pattern Recognition"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3488933.3489034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3488933.3489034","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:49:00Z","timestamp":1750193340000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3488933.3489034"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"references-count":21,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3488933.3489034","10.1145\/3488933"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3488933.3489034","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,9,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-02-25","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}