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Externally weatherproofing these tanks to maintain the groundwater temperature is short-lived, and only results in a marginal (0.5\u00b0C\u20131\u00b0C) improvement in tap water temperature. We propose\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            , an IoT-inspired, intelligent system to minimize the exposure of water to the elements thereby maintaining its temperature close to that of the groundwater.\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            learns the water demand patterns of a household and pumps water into the overhead tank only when necessary. The predictive, machine learning based, approach of\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            improves water comfort by up to 8\u00b0C in summers and 3\u00b0C in winters, on average.\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            is retrofitted into existing infrastructure with a hardware prototyping cost of $27, whereas it can save up to 16% on water heating costs, through reduction in natural gas consumption, by leveraging groundwater temperature. Moreover, we also consider a transiently-powered\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            ,\u00a0 which uses the energy harvested from the ambient environment, and propose an intermittent data pipeline to improve its prediction accuracy. The transiently-powered\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            is suitable for long-term deployment, requires minimal maintenance and delivers approximately the same performance.\n            <jats:sc>Ashray<\/jats:sc>\n            has the potential to improve the thermal comfort and reduce energy costs for millions of households in developing countries.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3491242","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T21:44:21Z","timestamp":1644011061000},"page":"1-28","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["ASHRAY: Enhancing Water-usage Comfort in Developing Regions using Data-driven IoT Retrofits"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Samar","family":"Abbas","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, LUMS University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ahmed","family":"Ehsan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, LUMS University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Saad","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, LUMS University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sheraz Ali","family":"Khan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Mechatronics Engg., UET Peshawar, Peshawar, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tariq M.","family":"Jadoon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Electrical Engineering, LUMS University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-3112-0374","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Muhammad Hamad","family":"Alizai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science, LUMS University, Lahore, Pakistan"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,11]]},"reference":[{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","DOI":"10.1145\/3229063"},{"doi-asserted-by":"publisher","key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","DOI":"10.1109\/IPSN48710.2020.00013"},{"volume-title":"Raspberry Pi Zero W","year":"2020","unstructured":"Adafruit. 2020. 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