{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,24]],"date-time":"2026-07-24T10:16:40Z","timestamp":1784888200248,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":59,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"GROUP","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["IIS-1704369"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["IIS-1704369"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Many research communities routinely conduct activities that fall outside the bounds of traditional human subjects research, yet still frequently rely on the determinations of institutional review boards (IRBs) or similar regulatory bodies to scope ethical decision-making. Presented as a U.S. university-based fictional memo describing a post-hoc IRB review of a research study about social media and public health, this design fiction draws inspiration from current debates and uncertainties in the HCI and social computing communities around issues such as the use of public data, privacy, open science, and unintended consequences, in order to highlight the limitations of regulatory bodies as arbiters of ethics and the importance of forward-thinking ethical considerations from researchers and research communities.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3492857","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]],"date-time":"2022-01-14T21:26:16Z","timestamp":1642195576000},"page":"1-13","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["No Humans Here"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"6","author":[{"given":"Jessica","family":"Pater","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Parkview Research Center, Fort Wayne, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Casey","family":"Fiesler","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael","family":"Zimmer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Marquette University, Milwaukee, WI, USA"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376680"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2998181.2998243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1556264616631657"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3148330.3154523"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2556288.2557098"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Ecological systems theory","author":"Brofenbrenner Urie","unstructured":"Urie Brofenbrenner . 1992. Ecological systems theory . Jessica Kingsley Publishers . Urie Brofenbrenner. 1992. Ecological systems theory .Jessica Kingsley Publishers."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3377405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1525\/jer.2011.6.2.71"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3311957.3358609"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0139701"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Monica Chin. 2021. How a University got Itself Banned from the Linux Kernel. (2021). https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2021\/4\/30\/22410164\/linux-kernel-university-of-minnesota-banned-open-source  Monica Chin. 2021. How a University got Itself Banned from the Linux Kernel. (2021). https:\/\/www.theverge.com\/2021\/4\/30\/22410164\/linux-kernel-university-of-minnesota-banned-open-source"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2464464.2464480"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2187980.2188019"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3983\/twc.2020.1733"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","volume-title":"Faller and Claudia Norman","author":"Elisabeth","year":"2015","unstructured":"Elisabeth S. Faller and Claudia Norman . 2015 . Ethics & the IRB review process: A guide for SoTL researchers at UC . https:\/\/www.uc.edu\/content\/dam\/uc\/cetl\/docs\/IRB|%20for|&20SoTL.pdf Elisabeth S. Faller and Claudia Norman. 2015. Ethics & the IRB review process: A guide for SoTL researchers at UC . https:\/\/www.uc.edu\/content\/dam\/uc\/cetl\/docs\/IRB|%20for|&20SoTL.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Gee adn M. Sarrafzadeh","author":"Fazeli S.","year":"2021","unstructured":"S. Fazeli , D. Zamanzadeh , A. Ovalle , T. Nguyen , and G. Gee adn M. Sarrafzadeh . 2021 . COVID-19 and Big Data: Multi-faceted Analysis for Spatio-temporal Understanding of the Pandemic with Social Media Conversations . arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.10807 (2021). S. Fazeli, D. Zamanzadeh, A. Ovalle, T. Nguyen, and G. Gee adn M. Sarrafzadeh. 2021. COVID-19 and Big Data: Multi-faceted Analysis for Spatio-temporal Understanding of the Pandemic with Social Media Conversations. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.10807 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3370271"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","article-title":"Innovating Like an Optimist, Preparing Like a Pessimist: Ethical Speculation and the Legal Imagination","volume":"19","author":"Fiesler Casey","year":"2021","unstructured":"Casey Fiesler . 2021 . Innovating Like an Optimist, Preparing Like a Pessimist: Ethical Speculation and the Legal Imagination . Colorado Technology Law Journal , Vol. 19 , 1 (2021). Casey Fiesler. 2021. Innovating Like an Optimist, Preparing Like a Pessimist: Ethical Speculation and the Legal Imagination. Colorado Technology Law Journal , Vol. 19, 1 (2021).","journal-title":"Colorado Technology Law Journal"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Casey Fiesler and Nicholas Proferes. 2018. \"Participant\" perceptions of Twitter research ethics. Social Media  Casey Fiesler and Nicholas Proferes. 2018. \"Participant\" perceptions of Twitter research ethics. Social Media","DOI":"10.1177\/2056305118763366"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"Society Vol. 4 1 (2018).  Society Vol. 4 1 (2018)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2957276.2996293"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Fine-Tuning Transformers for Identifying Self-Reporting Potential Cases and Symptoms of COVID-19 in Tweets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.05501","author":"Fleming Max","year":"2021","unstructured":"Max Fleming , Priyanka Dondeti , Caitlin N. Dreisbach , and Adam Poliak . 2021. Fine-Tuning Transformers for Identifying Self-Reporting Potential Cases and Symptoms of COVID-19 in Tweets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.05501 ( 2021 ). Max Fleming, Priyanka Dondeti, Caitlin N. Dreisbach, and Adam Poliak. 2021. Fine-Tuning Transformers for Identifying Self-Reporting Potential Cases and Symptoms of COVID-19 in Tweets. arXiv preprint arXiv:2104.05501 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2015. The social-ecological model: A framework for prevention. (2015). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/violenceprevention\/about\/social-ecologicalmodel.html  Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. 2015. The social-ecological model: A framework for prevention. (2015). https:\/\/www.cdc.gov\/violenceprevention\/about\/social-ecologicalmodel.html"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"Centere for the Governance of AI. 2020. A Guide to Writing the NeurIPS Impact Statement. (2020). https:\/\/medium.com\/@GovAI\/a-guide-to-writing-the-neurips-impact-statement-4293b723f832  Centere for the Governance of AI. 2020. A Guide to Writing the NeurIPS Impact Statement. (2020). https:\/\/medium.com\/@GovAI\/a-guide-to-writing-the-neurips-impact-statement-4293b723f832"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ipm.2021.102541"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Huw Davies, and Taj Sallamuddin.","author":"Friesen Phoebe","year":"2021","unstructured":"Phoebe Friesen , Rachel Douglas-Jones , Mason Marks , Robin Pierce , Katherine Fletcher , Abhishek Mishra , Jessica Lorimer , Carissa V\u00e9liz , Nina Hallowell , Mackenzie Graham , Mei Sum Chan , Huw Davies, and Taj Sallamuddin. 2021 . Governing AI-Driven Health Research: Are IRBs Up to the Task? Ethics & human research , Vol. 43 , 2 (2021), 35--42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eahr.500085 10.1002\/eahr.500085 Phoebe Friesen, Rachel Douglas-Jones, Mason Marks, Robin Pierce, Katherine Fletcher, Abhishek Mishra, Jessica Lorimer, Carissa V\u00e9liz, Nina Hallowell, Mackenzie Graham, Mei Sum Chan, Huw Davies, and Taj Sallamuddin. 2021. Governing AI-Driven Health Research: Are IRBs Up to the Task? Ethics & human research , Vol. 43, 2 (2021), 35--42. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/eahr.500085"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858234"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1077800407300785"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11948-014-9588-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15265161.2011.576932"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","unstructured":"Brent Hecht. 2018. It's time to do something: Mitigating the negative impacts of computing through a change to the peer review process. (2018). https:\/\/acm-fca.org\/2018\/03\/29\/negativeimpacts\/  Brent Hecht. 2018. It's time to do something: Mitigating the negative impacts of computing through a change to the peer review process. (2018). https:\/\/acm-fca.org\/2018\/03\/29\/negativeimpacts\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1017\/S095026881600039X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","volume-title":"Who Should Stop Unethical A.I.?","author":"Hutson Matthew","year":"2021","unstructured":"Matthew Hutson . 2021. Who Should Stop Unethical A.I.? ( 2021 ). https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/tech\/annals-of-technology\/who-should-stop-unethical-ai Matthew Hutson. 2021. Who Should Stop Unethical A.I.? (2021). https:\/\/www.newyorker.com\/tech\/annals-of-technology\/who-should-stop-unethical-ai"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","volume-title":"Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images. Scientific reports","author":"Kosinski Michal","year":"2021","unstructured":"Michal Kosinski . 2021. Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images. Scientific reports , Vol. 11 , 1 ( 2021 ), 1--7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020--79310--1 10.1038\/s41598-020--79310--1 Michal Kosinski. 2021. Facial recognition technology can expose political orientation from naturalistic facial images. Scientific reports , Vol. 11, 1 (2021), 1--7. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1038\/s41598-020--79310--1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3134696"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1320040111"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2858036.2858446"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2702123.2702481"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing","author":"Pater Jessica","year":"1804","unstructured":"Jessica Pater , Oliver L. Haimson , Nazanin Andalibi , and Elizabeth D. Mynatt . 2016. \"Hunger Hurts but Starving Works\": Characterizing the Presentation of Eating Disorders Online . In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing ( San Francisco, California, USA) (CSCW '16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1185--1200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/28 1804 8.2820030 10.1145\/2818048.2820030 Jessica Pater, Oliver L. Haimson, Nazanin Andalibi, and Elizabeth D. Mynatt. 2016. \"Hunger Hurts but Starving Works\": Characterizing the Presentation of Eating Disorders Online. In Proceedings of the 19th ACM Conference on Computer-Supported Cooperative Work & Social Computing (San Francisco, California, USA) (CSCW '16). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 1185--1200. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2818048.2820030"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","unstructured":"Jessica Pater Alicia Nobles Sarah Gilbert Michael Zimmer and Casey Fiesler. 2020. Data is People: New Challenges and Tensions in Social Media Research. In 14TH International Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM). AAAI.  Jessica Pater Alicia Nobles Sarah Gilbert Michael Zimmer and Casey Fiesler. 2020. Data is People: New Challenges and Tensions in Social Media Research. In 14TH International Conference on Web and Social Media (ICWSM). AAAI."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","volume-title":"General Data Protection Regulation","author":"EU","year":"2021","unstructured":"EU : General Data Protection Regulation . 2021 . Chapter 2, Article 6: Data Processing . (2021). https:\/\/gdpr-info.eu\/art-6-gdpr\/ EU: General Data Protection Regulation. 2021. Chapter 2, Article 6: Data Processing. (2021). https:\/\/gdpr-info.eu\/art-6-gdpr\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jamia\/ocaa116"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.18653\/v1\/W17-3107"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","volume-title":"Jacob Metcalf adn Jessica Vitak, and Michael Zimmer","author":"Shilton Katie","year":"2021","unstructured":"Katie Shilton , Emanuel Moss , Sarah A. Gilbert , Matthew J. Bietz , Casey Fiesler , Jacob Metcalf adn Jessica Vitak, and Michael Zimmer . 2021 . Excavating awareness and power in data science: A manifesto for trustworthy pervasive data research. Big Data & Society , Vol. 8 , 2 (2021). Katie Shilton, Emanuel Moss, Sarah A. Gilbert, Matthew J. Bietz, Casey Fiesler, Jacob Metcalf adn Jessica Vitak, and Michael Zimmer. 2021. Excavating awareness and power in data science: A manifesto for trustworthy pervasive data research. Big Data & Society , Vol. 8, 2 (2021)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1478-4505-7-16"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.1418218112"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","article-title":"Using Social Media for Mental Health Surveillance","volume":"53","author":"Skaik Ruba","year":"2020","unstructured":"Ruba Skaik and Diana Inkpen . 2020 . Using Social Media for Mental Health Surveillance : A Review. ACM Comput. Surv. , Vol. 53 , 6, Article 129 (Dec. 2020), bibinfonumpages31 pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3422824 10.1145\/3422824 Ruba Skaik and Diana Inkpen. 2020. Using Social Media for Mental Health Surveillance: A Review. ACM Comput. Surv. , Vol. 53, 6, Article 129 (Dec. 2020), bibinfonumpages31 pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3422824","journal-title":"A Review. ACM Comput. Surv."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3290607.3299033"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","first-page":"32 pages. https","volume-title":"Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact.","volume":"3","author":"Eric","year":"2019","unstructured":"Eric P.S. Baumer Stevie Chancellor and Munmun De Choudhury. 2019. Who is the \"Human\" in Human-Centered Machine Learning: The Case of Predicting Mental Health from Social Media . Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. , Vol. 3 , CSCW, Article 147 ( Nov. 2019 ), bibinfonumpages 32 pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10 .1145\/3359249 10.1145\/3359249 Eric P.S. Baumer Stevie Chancellor and Munmun De Choudhury. 2019. Who is the \"Human\" in Human-Centered Machine Learning: The Case of Predicting Mental Health from Social Media. Proc. ACM Hum.-Comput. Interact. , Vol. 3, CSCW, Article 147 (Nov. 2019), bibinfonumpages32 pages. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3359249"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Guttag","author":"Suresh Harini","year":"2019","unstructured":"Harini Suresh and John V . Guttag . 2019 . A framework for understanding unintended consequences of machine learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.10002 (2019). Harini Suresh and John V. Guttag. 2019. A framework for understanding unintended consequences of machine learning. arXiv preprint arXiv:1901.10002 (2019)."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3385010.3385020"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3210586.3210590"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1556264617725200"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2818048.2820078"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3313831.3376448"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3064663.3064682"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"on the ethics of research in Facebook. Ethics and information technology","author":"Zimmer Michael","year":"2010","unstructured":"Michael Zimmer . 2010. \" But the data is already public\" : on the ethics of research in Facebook. Ethics and information technology , Vol. 12 , 4 ( 2010 ), 313--325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.100z.252Fs10676-010--9227--5 Michael Zimmer. 2010. \"But the data is already public\": on the ethics of research in Facebook. Ethics and information technology , Vol. 12, 4 (2010), 313--325. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.100z.252Fs10676-010--9227--5"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","unstructured":"Michael Zimmer. 2016. OkCupid Study Reveals the Perils of Big-Data Science. (2016). https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2016\/05\/okcupid-study-reveals-perils-big-data-science\/  Michael Zimmer. 2016. OkCupid Study Reveals the Perils of Big-Data Science. (2016). https:\/\/www.wired.com\/2016\/05\/okcupid-study-reveals-perils-big-data-science\/"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","unstructured":"Michael Zimmer. 2021. The Zuckerberg Files. (2021). https:\/\/zuckerbergfiles.org\/  Michael Zimmer. 2021. The Zuckerberg Files. (2021). https:\/\/zuckerbergfiles.org\/"}],"container-title":["Proceedings of the ACM on Human-Computer Interaction"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3492857","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3492857","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3492857","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:48:27Z","timestamp":1750193307000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3492857"}},"subtitle":["Ethical Speculation on Public Data, Unintended Consequences, and the Limits of Institutional Review"],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"references-count":59,"journal-issue":{"issue":"GROUP","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3492857"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3492857","relation":{},"ISSN":["2573-0142"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2573-0142","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-01-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}