{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,12]],"date-time":"2026-05-12T20:24:50Z","timestamp":1778617490145,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":30,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]],"date-time":"2021-10-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1633478400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3494193.3494235","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]],"date-time":"2022-01-12T17:32:57Z","timestamp":1642008777000},"page":"308-315","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Leadership and trust as key pillars in \u201csmart governance\u201d for inclusive growth in the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR): Evidence from South Africa"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"More Ickson","family":"Manda","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Manufacturing, Engineering and Related Services Sector Education and Training Authority, South Africa and Wits Business School, University of the Witwatersrand, South Africa"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,12]]},"reference":[{"issue":"4","key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","first-page":"544","article-title":"Case study methodology: study design and implementation for novice researchers","volume":"13","author":"Baxter P","year":"2008","unstructured":"Baxter , P & Jack , S. ( 2008 ). Case study methodology: study design and implementation for novice researchers . The Qualitative Report , 13 ( 4 ), 544 - 559 Baxter, P & Jack, S. (2008). Case study methodology: study design and implementation for novice researchers. The Qualitative Report, 13 (4), 544-559","journal-title":"The Qualitative Report"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","volume-title":"Social science research: principles, methods, and practices. USF Tampa Bay Open Access Textbooks Collection. Book 3","author":"Bhattacherjee A.","year":"2012","unstructured":"Bhattacherjee , A. ( 2012 ). Social science research: principles, methods, and practices. USF Tampa Bay Open Access Textbooks Collection. Book 3 . Bhattacherjee, A. (2012). Social science research: principles, methods, and practices. USF Tampa Bay Open Access Textbooks Collection. Book 3."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"Betrayal of the promise: how South Africa is being stolen.","author":"Bhorat H.","year":"2017","unstructured":"Bhorat , H. , Buthelezi , M. , Chipkin , I. , Duma , S. , Monldi , C. , Petre , C. , Qobo , M. , Swilling , M. & Friedenstein , H. ( 2017 ). Betrayal of the promise: how South Africa is being stolen. Retrieved from http:\/\/pari.org.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Betrayal-of-the-Promise-25052017.pdf Bhorat, H.,Buthelezi, M., Chipkin, I., Duma, S., Monldi, C., Petre, C., Qobo, M., Swilling, M.&Friedenstein, H. (2017). Betrayal of the promise: how South Africa is being stolen. Retrieved from http:\/\/pari.org.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/05\/Betrayal-of-the-Promise-25052017.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117\u2212134","author":"Brown M. E.","year":"2005","unstructured":"Brown , M. E. , Trevi\u00f1o , L. K. , & Harrison , D. ( 2005 ). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117\u2212134 Brown, M. E., Trevi\u00f1o, L. K., & Harrison, D. (2005). Ethical leadership: A social learning perspective for construct development and testing. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 97, 117\u2212134"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/HICSS.2012.615"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1540-6210.2009.01987_2.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3233\/IP-2012-000287"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.giq.2016.03.002"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","volume-title":"Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology.Huddy, L., Sears, D.& Levy, J.(Eds.).","author":"Huddy L.","unstructured":"Huddy , L. (2013). Group identity and political cohesion. In Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology.Huddy, L., Sears, D.& Levy, J.(Eds.). New York : Oxford University Press Huddy, L.(2013).Group identity and political cohesion. In Oxford Handbook of Political Psychology.Huddy, L., Sears, D.& Levy, J.(Eds.). New York: Oxford University Press"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Manda M. I. (2021). Power politics and the institutionalisation of information systems for promoting digital transformation in the public sector: A case of the South African's government digital transformation journey.\u00a0Information Polity (Preprint) 1-18.  Manda M. I. (2021). Power politics and the institutionalisation of information systems for promoting digital transformation in the public sector: A case of the South African's government digital transformation journey.\u00a0Information Polity (Preprint) 1-18.","DOI":"10.3233\/IP-200233"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"Manda M.I.(2019). Towards smart governance through a multidisciplinary approach to e-government integration interoperability and information sharing: A case of the Labour Market Intelligence project in South Africa. (Unpublished doctoral thesis University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa  Manda M.I.(2019). Towards smart governance through a multidisciplinary approach to e-government integration interoperability and information sharing: A case of the Labour Market Intelligence project in South Africa. (Unpublished doctoral thesis University of the Witwatersrand Johannesburg South Africa"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-44421-5_18"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Smart Governance for Inclusive Socio-Economic Transformation in South Africa: Are We There Yet?.\u00a0E-participation in smart cities: Technologies and models of governance for citizen engagement, 179-201","author":"Manda M. I.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Manda , M. I. , & Backhouse , J. ( 2019 ). Smart Governance for Inclusive Socio-Economic Transformation in South Africa: Are We There Yet?.\u00a0E-participation in smart cities: Technologies and models of governance for citizen engagement, 179-201 . Manda, M. I., & Backhouse, J. (2019). Smart Governance for Inclusive Socio-Economic Transformation in South Africa: Are We There Yet?.\u00a0E-participation in smart cities: Technologies and models of governance for citizen engagement, 179-201."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3326365.3326398"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","first-page":"67","article-title":"A set of principles for conducting and evaluating interpretive field studies in information systems","author":"Myers M. D.","year":"1999","unstructured":"Myers , M. D. & Klein , H. K. ( 1999 ). A set of principles for conducting and evaluating interpretive field studies in information systems . MIS Quarterly , 67 - 93 . Myers, M. D. & Klein, H. K.(1999).A set of principles for conducting and evaluating interpretive field studies in information systems. MIS Quarterly, 67-93.","journal-title":"MIS Quarterly"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"Public Sector Infrastructure update.","author":"National Treasury.","year":"2018","unstructured":"National Treasury. ( 2018 ). Public Sector Infrastructure update. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.treasury.gov.za\/ National Treasury. (2018). Public Sector Infrastructure update. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.treasury.gov.za\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Principles of digital transformation. Available from www.oecd.org","author":"OECD.","year":"2020","unstructured":"OECD. ( 2020 ). Principles of digital transformation. Available from www.oecd.org OECD. (2020). Principles of digital transformation. Available from www.oecd.org"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.14236\/ewic\/AD2005.17"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","volume-title":"Technology and Institutions: What Can Research on Information Technology and Research on Organizations Learn from Each Other? MIS Quarterly, 25(2)145-165","author":"Orlikowski W.J","year":"2001","unstructured":"Orlikowski , W.J & Barley , S.R. ( 2001 ). Technology and Institutions: What Can Research on Information Technology and Research on Organizations Learn from Each Other? MIS Quarterly, 25(2)145-165 Orlikowski, W.J& Barley, S.R. (2001).Technology and Institutions: What Can Research on Information Technology and Research on Organizations Learn from Each Other? MIS Quarterly, 25(2)145-165"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Smart governance: A roadmap for research and practice. iConference 2014 Proceedings","author":"Scholl H. J.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Scholl , H. J. & Scholl , M. C. ( 2014 ). Smart governance: A roadmap for research and practice. iConference 2014 Proceedings . Scholl, H. J. & Scholl, M. C. (2014). Smart governance: A roadmap for research and practice. iConference 2014 Proceedings."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","volume-title":"Creating Smart Governance: The key to radical ICT overhaul at the City of Munich","author":"Scholl H. J.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Scholl , H. J. & AlAwadhi , S. ( 2016 ). Creating Smart Governance: The key to radical ICT overhaul at the City of Munich . Information Polity , 21(1), 21-42 Scholl, H. J.&AlAwadhi, S. (2016). Creating Smart Governance: The key to radical ICT overhaul at the City of Munich.Information Polity, 21(1), 21-42"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","volume-title":"Constitution of the Republic of South Africa.","author":"South Africa","year":"1996","unstructured":"South Africa ( 1996 ). Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.justice.gov.za\/legislation\/constitution\/SAConstitution-web-eng.pdf South Africa (1996). Constitution of the Republic of South Africa. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.justice.gov.za\/legislation\/constitution\/SAConstitution-web-eng.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"National Development Plan.","author":"South Africa","year":"2012","unstructured":"South Africa ( 2012 ). National Development Plan. Retrieved from www.gov.za\/issues\/key-issues South Africa (2012). National Development Plan. Retrieved from www.gov.za\/issues\/key-issues"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","volume-title":"National Integrated ICT policy.","author":"South Africa","year":"2016","unstructured":"South Africa ( 2016 ). National Integrated ICT policy. Retrieved from www.dtps.gov.za South Africa (2016). National Integrated ICT policy. Retrieved from www.dtps.gov.za"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Egovenment strategy and Roadmap.","author":"South Africa","year":"2017","unstructured":"South Africa . ( 2017 ). Egovenment strategy and Roadmap. Retrieved from www.dtps.gov.za South Africa. (2017). Egovenment strategy and Roadmap. Retrieved from www.dtps.gov.za"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","volume-title":"Report on the Presidential Commission on 4IR.","author":"South Africa","year":"2020","unstructured":"South Africa . ( 2020 ). Report on the Presidential Commission on 4IR. Retrieved from www.presidency.gov.za South Africa. (2020). Report on the Presidential Commission on 4IR. Retrieved from www.presidency.gov.za"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"National Digital and future skills strategy. Available from www.gov.za","author":"South Africa","year":"2021","unstructured":"South Africa . ( 2021 ). National Digital and future skills strategy. Available from www.gov.za South Africa. (2021). National Digital and future skills strategy. Available from www.gov.za"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"The state of South African cities 2016 report.","author":"South African Cities Network","year":"2016","unstructured":"South African Cities Network ( 2016 ). The state of South African cities 2016 report. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.socr.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/SoCR16-Main-Report-online.pdf South African Cities Network (2016). The state of South African cities 2016 report. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.socr.co.za\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/06\/SoCR16-Main-Report-online.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Sustainable Development Goals : Country report.","author":"Statistics South Africa","year":"2019","unstructured":"Statistics South Africa . ( 2019 ). Sustainable Development Goals : Country report. Retrieved from www.statssa.gov.za Statistics South Africa. (2019). Sustainable Development Goals : Country report. Retrieved from www.statssa.gov.za"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Exploring strategy: Text and cases. Pearson. London","author":"Whittington R.","year":"2020","unstructured":"Whittington , R. , Regn\u00e9r , P. , Angwin , D. , Johnson , G. , & Scholes , K. ( 2020 ). Exploring strategy: Text and cases. Pearson. London Whittington, R., Regn\u00e9r, P., Angwin, D., Johnson, G., & Scholes, K. (2020). Exploring strategy: Text and cases. Pearson. London"}],"event":{"name":"ICEGOV 2021: 14th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance","location":"Athens Greece","acronym":"ICEGOV 2021"},"container-title":["14th International Conference on Theory and Practice of Electronic Governance"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3494193.3494235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3494193.3494235","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:48:41Z","timestamp":1750193321000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3494193.3494235"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]},"references-count":30,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3494193.3494235","10.1145\/3494193"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3494193.3494235","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2021,10,6]]}}}