{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,26]],"date-time":"2026-06-26T06:52:37Z","timestamp":1782456757300,"version":"3.54.5"},"reference-count":154,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]],"date-time":"2021-12-27T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1640563200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"National Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["CNS-2050910"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["CNS-2050910"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Proc. ACM Interact. Mob. Wearable Ubiquitous Technol."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,27]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Treatment for multiple sclerosis (MS) focuses on managing its symptoms (e.g., depression, fatigue, poor sleep quality), varying with specific symptoms experienced. Thus, for optimal treatment, there arises the need to track these symptoms. Towards this goal, there is great interest in finding their relevant phenotypes. Prior research suggests links between activities of daily living (ADLs) and MS symptoms; therefore, we hypothesize that the behavioral phenotype (revealed through ADLs) is closely related to MS symptoms. Traditional approaches to finding behavioral phenotypes which rely on human observation or controlled clinical settings are burdensome and cannot account for all genuine ADLs. Here, we present MSLife, an end-to-end, burden-free approach to digital behavioral phenotyping of MS symptoms in the wild using wearables and graph-based statistical analysis. MSLife is built upon (1) low-cost, unobtrusive wearables (i.e., smartwatches) that can track and quantify ADLs among MS patients in the wild; (2) graph-based statistical analysis that can model the relationships between quantified ADLs (i.e., digital behavioral phenotype) and MS symptoms. We design, implement, and deploy MSLife with 30 MS patients across a one-week home-based IRB-approved clinical pilot study. We use the GENEActiv smartwatch to monitor ADLs and clinical behavioral instruments to collect MS symptoms. Then we develop a graph-based statistical analysis framework to model phenotyping relationships between ADLs and MS symptoms, incorporating confounding demographic factors. We discover 102 significant phenotyping relationships (e.g., later rise times are related to increased levels of depression, history of caffeine consumption is associated with lower fatigue levels, higher relative levels of moderate physical activity are linked with decreased sleep quality). We validate their healthcare implications, using them to track MS symptoms in retrospective analysis. To our best knowledge, this is one of the first practices to digital behavioral phenotyping of MS symptoms in the wild.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3494970","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]],"date-time":"2021-12-30T17:40:33Z","timestamp":1640886033000},"page":"1-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["MSLife"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"5","author":[{"given":"Gabriel","family":"Guo","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Columbia University"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hanbin","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Liuyi","family":"Yao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huining","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chenhan","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhengxiong","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Colorado Denver"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Wenyao","family":"Xu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"SUNY Buffalo"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2021,12,30]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nri3871"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"\"Multiple sclerosis \" https:\/\/www.nccih.nih.gov\/health\/multiple-sclerosis accessed: 11\/08\/2020.  \"Multiple sclerosis \" https:\/\/www.nccih.nih.gov\/health\/multiple-sclerosis accessed: 11\/08\/2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"\"How many people live with ms?\" https:\/\/www.nationalmssociety.org\/What-is-MS\/How-Many-People.  \"How many people live with ms?\" https:\/\/www.nationalmssociety.org\/What-is-MS\/How-Many-People."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3111\/13696998.2013.778268"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-510X(02)00312-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","volume-title":"Sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis,\" in Seminars in neurology","author":"Fleming W. E.","unstructured":"W. E. Fleming and C. P. Pollak , \" Sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis,\" in Seminars in neurology , vol. 25 , no. 01. Copyright\u00a9 2005 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New ..., 2005, pp. 64--68. W. E. Fleming and C. P. Pollak, \"Sleep disorders in multiple sclerosis,\" in Seminars in neurology, vol. 25, no. 01. Copyright\u00a9 2005 by Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc., 333 Seventh Avenue, New ..., 2005, pp. 64--68."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/399a040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/labinvest.3780235"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"\"Multiple sclerosis information page \" https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/Disorders\/All-Disorders\/Multiple-Sclerosis-Information-Page accessed: 11\/08\/2020.  \"Multiple sclerosis information page \" https:\/\/www.ninds.nih.gov\/Disorders\/All-Disorders\/Multiple-Sclerosis-Information-Page accessed: 11\/08\/2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","volume-title":"Antidepressant pharmacotherapy of depression associated with multiple sclerosis.\" The American journal of psychiatry","author":"Schiffer R. B.","year":"1990","unstructured":"R. B. Schiffer and N. M. Wineman , \" Antidepressant pharmacotherapy of depression associated with multiple sclerosis.\" The American journal of psychiatry , 1990 . R. B. Schiffer and N. M. Wineman, \"Antidepressant pharmacotherapy of depression associated with multiple sclerosis.\" The American journal of psychiatry, 1990."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0197-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/jnnp.2004.054635"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458515622826"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458519860319"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jamaneurol.2020.4920"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.outlook.2020.03.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","volume-title":"Origin of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: review of the literature,\" Neurorehabilitation and neural repair","author":"Kos D.","unstructured":"D. Kos , E. Kerckhofs , G. Nagels , M. D'hooghe , and S. Ilsbroukx , \" Origin of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: review of the literature,\" Neurorehabilitation and neural repair , vol. 22 , no. 1, pp. 91--100, 2008. D. Kos, E. Kerckhofs, G. Nagels, M. D'hooghe, and S. Ilsbroukx, \"Origin of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: review of the literature,\" Neurorehabilitation and neural repair, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 91--100, 2008."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1468-1331.2006.01499.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"\"Phenotype \" https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/genetics-glossary\/Phenotype accessed 05\/09\/21.  \"Phenotype \" https:\/\/www.genome.gov\/genetics-glossary\/Phenotype accessed 05\/09\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nrneurol.2016.187"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10072-005-0498-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2217\/nmt-2018-0046"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2165\/00007256-200434150-00005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458516644340"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.smrv.2009.07.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458511401120"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","volume-title":"Exercise therapy for multiple sclerosis,\" Cochrane database of systematic reviews, no. 1","author":"Rietberg M. B.","year":"2005","unstructured":"M. B. Rietberg , D. Brooks , B. M. Uitdehaag , and G. Kwakkel , \" Exercise therapy for multiple sclerosis,\" Cochrane database of systematic reviews, no. 1 , 2005 . M. B. Rietberg, D. Brooks, B. M. Uitdehaag, and G. Kwakkel, \"Exercise therapy for multiple sclerosis,\" Cochrane database of systematic reviews, no. 1, 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1836-9553(12)70106-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2196\/mental.5165"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_30_1","unstructured":"O. Lab \"Research areas \" https:\/\/www.hsph.harvard.edu\/onnela-lab\/research\/.  O. Lab \"Research areas \" https:\/\/www.hsph.harvard.edu\/onnela-lab\/research\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_31_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Causal discovery and inference: concepts and recent methodological advances,\" in Applied informatics, vol. 3, no. 1","author":"Spirtes P.","year":"2016","unstructured":"P. Spirtes and K. Zhang , \" Causal discovery and inference: concepts and recent methodological advances,\" in Applied informatics, vol. 3, no. 1 . Springer , 2016 , p. 3 . P. Spirtes and K. Zhang, \"Causal discovery and inference: concepts and recent methodological advances,\" in Applied informatics, vol. 3, no. 1. Springer, 2016, p. 3.","journal-title":"Springer"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_32_1","volume-title":"A survey on causal inference","author":"Yao L.","year":"2020","unstructured":"L. Yao , Z. Chu , S. Li , Y. Li , J. Gao , and A. Zhang , \" A survey on causal inference ,\" 2020 . L. Yao, Z. Chu, S. Li, Y. Li, J. Gao, and A. Zhang, \"A survey on causal inference,\" 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1750-3639.2007.00064.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/archneur.1987.00520160018007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_35_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Student perspectives on digital phenotyping: The acceptability of using smartphone data to assess mental health,\" in Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors","author":"Rooksby J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"J. Rooksby , A. Morrison , and D. Murray-Rust , \" Student perspectives on digital phenotyping: The acceptability of using smartphone data to assess mental health,\" in Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems , 2019 , pp. 1 -- 14 . J. Rooksby, A. Morrison, and D. Murray-Rust, \"Student perspectives on digital phenotyping: The acceptability of using smartphone data to assess mental health,\" in Proceedings of the 2019 CHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems, 2019, pp. 1--14.","journal-title":"Computing Systems"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-021-00415-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41746-019-0084-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Wang F. Chen Z. Chen T. Li G. Harari S. Tignor X. Zhou D. Ben-Zeev and A. T. Campbell \"Studentlife: assessing mental health academic performance and behavioral trends of college students using smartphones \" in Proceedings of the 2014 ACM international joint conference on pervasive and ubiquitous computing 2014 pp. 3--14.  R. Wang F. Chen Z. Chen T. Li G. Harari S. Tignor X. Zhou D. Ben-Zeev and A. T. Campbell \"Studentlife: assessing mental health academic performance and behavioral trends of college students using smartphones \" in Proceedings of the 2014 ACM international joint conference on pervasive and ubiquitous computing 2014 pp. 3--14.","DOI":"10.1145\/2632048.2632054"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_39_1","unstructured":"\"Compare products \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/products\/geneactiv\/compare-products\/.  \"Compare products \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/products\/geneactiv\/compare-products\/."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_40_1","unstructured":"\"Geneactiv original \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/products\/geneactiv\/ Accessed 07\/08\/21.  \"Geneactiv original \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/products\/geneactiv\/ Accessed 07\/08\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_41_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/GENEActiv-Brochure-2015.pdf https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/GENEActiv-Brochure-2015.pdf Accessed 07\/20\/21.  https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/GENEActiv-Brochure-2015.pdf https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/GENEActiv-Brochure-2015.pdf Accessed 07\/20\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_42_1","volume-title":"Validation of the genea accelerometer","author":"Eslinger D.","year":"2011","unstructured":"D. Eslinger , A. V. Rowlands , T. L. Hurst , M. Catt , P. Murray , and R. G. Eston , \" Validation of the genea accelerometer ,\" 2011 . D. Eslinger, A. V. Rowlands, T. L. Hurst, M. Catt, P. Murray, and R. G. Eston, \"Validation of the genea accelerometer,\" 2011."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_43_1","unstructured":"\"How geneactiv accelerometer research watches work \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/technology\/geneactiv\/how-it-works\/ accessed 07\/20\/21.  \"How geneactiv accelerometer research watches work \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/technology\/geneactiv\/how-it-works\/ accessed 07\/20\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_44_1","unstructured":"\"Geneactiv \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/products\/geneactiv\/ Accessed 07\/20\/21.  \"Geneactiv \" https:\/\/www.activinsights.com\/products\/geneactiv\/ Accessed 07\/20\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_45_1","unstructured":"https:\/\/help.fitbit.com\/articles\/en_US\/Help_article\/1136.htm title=How accurate are Fitbit devices? note=Accessed 07\/08\/21.  https:\/\/help.fitbit.com\/articles\/en_US\/Help_article\/1136.htm title=How accurate are Fitbit devices? note=Accessed 07\/08\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_46_1","unstructured":"\"Watch - apple \" https:\/\/www.apple.com\/watch\/ accessed 07\/08\/21.  \"Watch - apple \" https:\/\/www.apple.com\/watch\/ accessed 07\/08\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.51.3.765"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_48_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.62.2.226"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_49_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1177\/1352458509360040"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_50_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/01.WNL.0000072264.75989.B8"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1","DOI":"10.1145\/3130948","article-title":"Mytraces: Investigating correlation and causation between users' emotional states and mobile phone interaction","volume":"1","author":"Mehrotra A.","year":"2017","unstructured":"A. Mehrotra , F. Tsapeli , R. Hendley , and M. Musolesi , \" Mytraces: Investigating correlation and causation between users' emotional states and mobile phone interaction ,\" Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies , vol. 1 , no. 3 , pp. 1 -- 21 , 2017 . A. Mehrotra, F. Tsapeli, R. Hendley, and M. Musolesi, \"Mytraces: Investigating correlation and causation between users' emotional states and mobile phone interaction,\" Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies, vol. 1, no. 3, pp. 1--21, 2017.","journal-title":"Proceedings of the ACM on Interactive, Mobile, Wearable and Ubiquitous Technologies"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"R. Wang M. S. Aung S. Abdullah R. Brian A. T. Campbell T. Choudhury M. Hauser J. Kane M. Merrill E. A. Scherer et al. \"Crosscheck: toward passive sensing and detection of mental health changes in people with schizophrenia \" in Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing 2016 pp. 886--897.  R. Wang M. S. Aung S. Abdullah R. Brian A. T. Campbell T. Choudhury M. Hauser J. Kane M. Merrill E. A. Scherer et al. \"Crosscheck: toward passive sensing and detection of mental health changes in people with schizophrenia \" in Proceedings of the 2016 ACM International Joint Conference on Pervasive and Ubiquitous Computing 2016 pp. 886--897.","DOI":"10.1145\/2971648.2971740"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_53_1","unstructured":"\"Who gets ms? (epidemiology) \" https:\/\/www.nationalmssociety.org\/What-is-MS\/Who-Gets-MS accessed 05\/07\/21.  \"Who gets ms? (epidemiology) \" https:\/\/www.nationalmssociety.org\/What-is-MS\/Who-Gets-MS accessed 05\/07\/21."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/brain\/awh471"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_1_55_1","first-page":"2","article-title":"Role of gender in multiple sclerosis: clinical effects and potential molecular mechanisms","volume":"234","author":"Greer J. M.","year":"2011","unstructured":"J. M. Greer and P. A. McCombe , \" Role of gender in multiple sclerosis: clinical effects and potential molecular mechanisms ,\" Journal of neuroimmunology , vol. 234 , no. 1 -- 2 , pp. 7--18, 2011 . J. M. Greer and P. A. McCombe, \"Role of gender in multiple sclerosis: clinical effects and potential molecular mechanisms,\" Journal of neuroimmunology, vol. 234, no. 1--2, pp. 7--18, 2011.","journal-title":"Journal of neuroimmunology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_56_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00415-008-0910-y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_57_1","volume-title":"Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation","author":"Catanzaro M.","unstructured":"M. Catanzaro and C. Weinert , \" Economic status of families living with multiple sclerosis.\" International journal of rehabilitation research . Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation , vol. 15 , no. 3, pp. 209--218, 1992. M. Catanzaro and C. Weinert, \"Economic status of families living with multiple sclerosis.\" International journal of rehabilitation research. Internationale Zeitschrift fur Rehabilitationsforschung. Revue internationale de recherches de readaptation, vol. 15, no. 3, pp. 209--218, 1992."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_58_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3264951"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_59_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130919"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_60_1","unstructured":"\"Tetrad manual \" http:\/\/cmu-phil.github.io\/tetrad\/manual\/ 2019.  \"Tetrad manual \" http:\/\/cmu-phil.github.io\/tetrad\/manual\/ 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_61_1","volume-title":"A Python package for causal inference,\" https:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/dowhy","year":"2019","unstructured":"\"DoWhy : A Python package for causal inference,\" https:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/dowhy , 2019 . \"DoWhy: A Python package for causal inference,\" https:\/\/github.com\/microsoft\/dowhy, 2019."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_62_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_63_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sleep\/26.3.342"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_64_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1378\/chest.10-1872"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_65_1","volume-title":"24 hours of sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with nine wearable devices,\" Medicine and science in sports and exercise","author":"Rosenberger M. E.","unstructured":"M. E. Rosenberger , M. P. Buman , W. L. Haskell , M. V. McConnell , and L. L. Carstensen , \" 24 hours of sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with nine wearable devices,\" Medicine and science in sports and exercise , vol. 48 , no. 3, p. 457, 2016. M. E. Rosenberger, M. P. Buman, W. L. Haskell, M. V. McConnell, and L. L. Carstensen, \"24 hours of sleep, sedentary behavior, and physical activity with nine wearable devices,\" Medicine and science in sports and exercise, vol. 48, no. 3, p. 457, 2016."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_66_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jsams.2015.04.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_67_1","volume-title":"Evaluation of raw acceleration sedentary thresholds in children and adults,\" Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports","author":"Hildebrand M.","unstructured":"M. Hildebrand , B. H. Hansen , V. T. van Hees , and U. Ekelund , \" Evaluation of raw acceleration sedentary thresholds in children and adults,\" Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports , vol. 27 , no. 12, pp. 1814--1823, 2017. M. Hildebrand, B. H. Hansen, V. T. van Hees, and U. Ekelund, \"Evaluation of raw acceleration sedentary thresholds in children and adults,\" Scandinavian journal of medicine & science in sports, vol. 27, no. 12, pp. 1814--1823, 2017."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_68_1","volume-title":"Physical activity intensity cut-points for wrist-worn geneactiv in older adults,\" Frontiers in Sports and Active Living","author":"Fraysse F.","year":"2020","unstructured":"F. Fraysse , D. Post , R. Eston , D. Kasai , A. V. Rowlands , and G. Parfitt , \" Physical activity intensity cut-points for wrist-worn geneactiv in older adults,\" Frontiers in Sports and Active Living , vol. 2 , 2020 . F. Fraysse, D. Post, R. Eston, D. Kasai, A. V. Rowlands, and G. 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