{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,9]],"date-time":"2026-05-09T05:35:02Z","timestamp":1778304902049,"version":"3.51.4"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":55,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1665705600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3495243.3517025","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]],"date-time":"2022-10-14T15:38:33Z","timestamp":1665761913000},"page":"242-254","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Estimating soil moisture using RF signals"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Usman Mahmood","family":"Khan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Muhammad","family":"Shahzad","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"North Carolina State University"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/watersense\/statistics-and-facts.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.epa.gov\/watersense\/statistics-and-facts."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/github.com\/usmanwardag\/comet_moisture.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/github.com\/usmanwardag\/comet_moisture."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.onsetcomp.com\/products\/data-loggers-sensors\/soil-moisture\/.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.onsetcomp.com\/products\/data-loggers-sensors\/soil-moisture\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.metergroup.com\/environment\/products\/teros-12\/.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.metergroup.com\/environment\/products\/teros-12\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/docs.scipy.org\/doc\/scipy\/reference\/generated\/scipy.signal.find_peaks.html.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/docs.scipy.org\/doc\/scipy\/reference\/generated\/scipy.signal.find_peaks.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Tupavco-TP511-Antenna-Wireless-Directional\/dp\/B008FH5UTG.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Tupavco-TP511-Antenna-Wireless-Directional\/dp\/B008FH5UTG."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.alfa.com.tw\/products\/apa-m25.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.alfa.com.tw\/products\/apa-m25."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.stat.purdue.edu\/~tqin\/system101\/variable_type.pdf.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.stat.purdue.edu\/~tqin\/system101\/variable_type.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.ictinternational.com\/pdf\/?product_id=255.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.ictinternational.com\/pdf\/?product_id=255."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/envcoglobal.com\/files\/docs\/5te-manual-08.pdf.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/envcoglobal.com\/files\/docs\/5te-manual-08.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/kb.ettus.com\/X300\/X310.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/kb.ettus.com\/X300\/X310."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Neewer-Centimeters-Stabilizer-Camcorder-Photography\/dp\/B06Y3MKC7C\/.  [n.d.]. https:\/\/www.amazon.com\/Neewer-Centimeters-Stabilizer-Camcorder-Photography\/dp\/B06Y3MKC7C\/."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. http:\/\/www.masttechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/MF22-0009-00-Tech-Data-Sheet.pdf.  [n.d.]. http:\/\/www.masttechnologies.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/MF22-0009-00-Tech-Data-Sheet.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Dielectric Constants for Earth materials. http:\/\/www.geo.umass.edu\/faculty\/wclement\/dielec.html.  [n.d.]. Dielectric Constants for Earth materials. http:\/\/www.geo.umass.edu\/faculty\/wclement\/dielec.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. ETSI Harmonized European Standard. https:\/\/www.etsi.org\/deliver\/etsi_en\/302200_302299\/30221702\/03.01.00_30\/en_30221702v030100v.pdf.  [n.d.]. ETSI Harmonized European Standard. https:\/\/www.etsi.org\/deliver\/etsi_en\/302200_302299\/30221702\/03.01.00_30\/en_30221702v030100v.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. GroPoint Profile. https:\/\/www.gropoint.com\/products\/soil-sensors\/gropoint-profile.  [n.d.]. GroPoint Profile. https:\/\/www.gropoint.com\/products\/soil-sensors\/gropoint-profile."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Ground penetrating radar for agricultural use cover letter (Headsight). https:\/\/fccid.io\/2AEP2-THAWK1\/Letter\/Cover-Letter-3432299.  [n.d.]. Ground penetrating radar for agricultural use cover letter (Headsight). https:\/\/fccid.io\/2AEP2-THAWK1\/Letter\/Cover-Letter-3432299."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Linux Kernel Wireless Regulatory Database. https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/sforshee\/wireless-regdb.git\/tree\/db.txt.  [n.d.]. Linux Kernel Wireless Regulatory Database. https:\/\/git.kernel.org\/pub\/scm\/linux\/kernel\/git\/sforshee\/wireless-regdb.git\/tree\/db.txt."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Portable ground penetrating radar cover letter (Proceq). https:\/\/fccid.io\/2ANPE-PQLIVE\/Letter\/CL-Waiver-3834211.  [n.d.]. Portable ground penetrating radar cover letter (Proceq). https:\/\/fccid.io\/2ANPE-PQLIVE\/Letter\/CL-Waiver-3834211."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. A Practical Guide for Installing and Interpreting Information from Soil Moisture Monitoring Technologies in Vineyards. https:\/\/www.vineyardteam.org\/resources\/resource-library\/using-soil-moisture-sensors-for-vineyard-irrigation-management.php.  [n.d.]. A Practical Guide for Installing and Interpreting Information from Soil Moisture Monitoring Technologies in Vineyards. https:\/\/www.vineyardteam.org\/resources\/resource-library\/using-soil-moisture-sensors-for-vineyard-irrigation-management.php."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. Soil moisture monitoring: a selection guide. https:\/\/www.agric.wa.gov.au\/horticulture\/soil-moisture-monitoring-selection-guide.  [n.d.]. Soil moisture monitoring: a selection guide. https:\/\/www.agric.wa.gov.au\/horticulture\/soil-moisture-monitoring-selection-guide."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. SoilVUE10. https:\/\/www.campbellsci.com\/soilvue10.  [n.d.]. SoilVUE10. https:\/\/www.campbellsci.com\/soilvue10."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","unstructured":"[n.d.]. TP-Link TL-WA901ND Wireless N Access Point. https:\/\/www.bestpartner.biz\/catalog\/11\/21213\/TP-Link+TL-WA901ND+Wireless+N+Access+Point.  [n.d.]. TP-Link TL-WA901ND Wireless N Access Point. https:\/\/www.bestpartner.biz\/catalog\/11\/21213\/TP-Link+TL-WA901ND+Wireless+N+Access+Point."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","unstructured":"2011. USA Regulations on UWB GPR. https:\/\/www.sensoft.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/USA-regulations-on-UWB-GPR.pdf.  2011. USA Regulations on UWB GPR. https:\/\/www.sensoft.ca\/wp-content\/uploads\/2015\/11\/USA-regulations-on-UWB-GPR.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/vzj2006.0160"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1029\/TR027i006p00847"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","unstructured":"S Datta S Taghvaeian and J Stivers. 2018. Understanding Soil Water Content and Thresholds for Irrigation Management.  S Datta S Taghvaeian and J Stivers. 2018. Understanding Soil Water Content and Thresholds for Irrigation Management."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3210240.3210345"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3300061.3345440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.13031\/trans.13930"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0022-1694(95)03003-4"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","first-page":"391","article-title":"Determination of soil moisture by neutron scattering","volume":"73","author":"Gardner W","year":"1952","unstructured":"W Gardner and D Kirkham . 1952 . Determination of soil moisture by neutron scattering . Social Science. 73 , 5 (1952), 391 -- 402 . W Gardner and D Kirkham. 1952. Determination of soil moisture by neutron scattering. Social Science. 73, 5 (1952), 391--402.","journal-title":"Social Science."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/1.2943669"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","unstructured":"M Gotcher and et. al. 2017. Smart Irrigation Technology: Controllers and Sensors. https:\/\/extension.okstate.edu\/fact-sheets\/smart-irrigation-technology-controllers-and-sensors.html.  M Gotcher and et. al. 2017. Smart Irrigation Technology: Controllers and Sensors. https:\/\/extension.okstate.edu\/fact-sheets\/smart-irrigation-technology-controllers-and-sensors.html."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","unstructured":"G Griffiths-Sattenspiel and W Wilson. 2009. The Carbon Footprint of Water. https:\/\/www.csu.edu\/cerc\/researchreports\/documents\/CarbonFootprintofWater-RiverNetwork-2009.pdf.  G Griffiths-Sattenspiel and W Wilson. 2009. The Carbon Footprint of Water. https:\/\/www.csu.edu\/cerc\/researchreports\/documents\/CarbonFootprintofWater-RiverNetwork-2009.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2136\/vzj2003.4760"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2011-0054.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"The Effect of Soil Iron on the Estimation of Soil Water Content Using Dielectric Sensors. Water 12, 598","author":"Kargas G","year":"2020","unstructured":"G Kargas and et. al. 2020. The Effect of Soil Iron on the Estimation of Soil Water Content Using Dielectric Sensors. Water 12, 598 ( 2020 ). G Kargas and et. al. 2020. The Effect of Soil Iron on the Estimation of Soil Water Content Using Dielectric Sensors. Water 12, 598 (2020)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IPSN48710.2020.00-40"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1190\/geo2011-0054.1"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TGRS.2004.834800"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_42_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhydrol.2017.06.028"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_43_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICUWB.2011.6058832"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_44_1","first-page":"241","article-title":"Soil moisture tensiometer materials and construction","volume":"53","author":"Richards L. A","year":"1942","unstructured":"L. A Richards . 1942 . Soil moisture tensiometer materials and construction . Social Sci. 53 , 4 (1942), 241 -- 248 . L. A Richards. 1942. Soil moisture tensiometer materials and construction. Social Sci. 53, 4 (1942), 241--248.","journal-title":"Social Sci."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_45_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TAP.1986.1143830"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_46_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TIM.2009.2022452"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_47_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/0471743690"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_48_1","first-page":"193","article-title":"Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring Soil Moisture and Weather Conditions","volume":"31","author":"Sui R","year":"2015","unstructured":"R Sui and J Baggard . 2015 . Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring Soil Moisture and Weather Conditions . Applied Engineering in Agriculture 31 , 2 (2015), 193 -- 200 . R Sui and J Baggard. 2015. Wireless Sensor Network for Monitoring Soil Moisture and Weather Conditions. Applied Engineering in Agriculture 31, 2 (2015), 193--200.","journal-title":"Applied Engineering in Agriculture"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_49_1","volume-title":"Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water Resources Research 16, 3","author":"Topp G. C","year":"1980","unstructured":"G. C Topp , J. L Davis , and A. P Annan . 1980. Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water Resources Research 16, 3 ( 1980 ). G. C Topp, J. L Davis, and A. P Annan. 1980. Electromagnetic determination of soil water content: Measurements in coaxial transmission lines. Water Resources Research 16, 3 (1980)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_50_1","volume-title":"Explaining soil moisture variability as a function of mean soil moisture: A stochastic unsaturated flow perspective. Geophysical Research Letters 34","author":"Vereecken H","year":"2007","unstructured":"H Vereecken and et. al. 2007. Explaining soil moisture variability as a function of mean soil moisture: A stochastic unsaturated flow perspective. Geophysical Research Letters 34 ( 2007 ). Issue 22. H Vereecken and et. al. 2007. Explaining soil moisture variability as a function of mean soil moisture: A stochastic unsaturated flow perspective. Geophysical Research Letters 34 (2007). Issue 22."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_51_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386901.3388940"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_52_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/IMTC.2010.5488224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"Y Xie Z Li and M Li. 2015. Precise Power Delay Profiling with Commodity WiFi. In Mobicom.  Y Xie Z Li and M Li. 2015. Precise Power Delay Profiling with Commodity WiFi. In Mobicom.","DOI":"10.1145\/2789168.2790124"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_54_1","volume-title":"ArrayTrack: A Fine-Grained Indoor Location System. Usenix NSDI","author":"Xiong J","year":"2013","unstructured":"J Xiong and K Jamieson . 2013. ArrayTrack: A Fine-Grained Indoor Location System. Usenix NSDI ( 2013 ), 1--84. J Xiong and K Jamieson. 2013. ArrayTrack: A Fine-Grained Indoor Location System. Usenix NSDI (2013), 1--84."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3390\/s16081308"}],"event":{"name":"ACM MobiCom '22: The 28th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing and Networking","location":"Sydney NSW Australia","acronym":"ACM MobiCom '22","sponsor":["SIGMOBILE ACM Special Interest Group on Mobility of Systems, Users, Data and Computing"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 28th Annual International Conference on Mobile Computing And Networking"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3495243.3517025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3495243.3517025","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T20:12:03Z","timestamp":1750191123000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3495243.3517025"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"references-count":55,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3495243.3517025","10.1145\/3495243"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3495243.3517025","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,10,14]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-10-14","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}