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Internet Things"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,5,31]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The Industrial Internet-of-Things (IIoT) promises significant improvements for the manufacturing industry by facilitating the integration of manufacturing systems by Digital Twins. However, ecological and economic demands also require a cross-domain linkage of multiple scientific perspectives from material sciences, engineering, operations, business, and ergonomics, as optimization opportunities can be derived from any of these perspectives. To extend the IIoT to a true<jats:italic>Internet of Production<\/jats:italic>, two concepts are required: first, a complex, interrelated network of Digital Shadows which combine domain-specific models with data-driven AI methods; and second, the integration of a large number of research labs, engineering, and production sites as a World Wide Lab which offers controlled exchange of selected, innovation-relevant data even across company boundaries. In this article, we define the underlying Computer Science challenges implied by these novel concepts in four layers:<jats:italic>Smart human interfaces<\/jats:italic>provide access to information that has been generated by<jats:italic>model-integrated AI<\/jats:italic>. Given the large variety of manufacturing data, new<jats:italic>data modeling<\/jats:italic>techniques should enable efficient management of Digital Shadows, which is supported by an<jats:italic>interconnected infrastructure<\/jats:italic>. Based on a detailed analysis of these challenges, we derive a systematized research roadmap to make the vision of the Internet of Production a reality.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3502265","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]],"date-time":"2022-02-15T11:43:11Z","timestamp":1644925391000},"page":"1-32","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":124,"title":["A Computer Science Perspective on Digital Transformation in Production"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"3","author":[{"given":"Philipp","family":"Brauner","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Manuela","family":"Dalibor","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Matthias","family":"Jarke","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany and Fraunhofer FIT, Germany"}]},{"given":"Ike","family":"Kunze","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Istv\u00e1n","family":"Koren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Gerhard","family":"Lakemeyer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Martin","family":"Liebenberg","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Judith","family":"Michael","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Jan","family":"Pennekamp","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Christoph","family":"Quix","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Fraunhofer FIT, Germany and Hochschule Niederrhein, Germany"}]},{"given":"Bernhard","family":"Rumpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Wil","family":"van der Aalst","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany and Fraunhofer FIT, Germany"}]},{"given":"Klaus","family":"Wehrle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]},{"given":"Andreas","family":"Wortmann","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Germany and University of Stuttgart, Stuttgart, Germany"}]},{"given":"Martina","family":"Ziefle","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"RWTH Aachen University, Aachen, Germany"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_1_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TII.2018.2855198"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ACCESS.2018.2870052"},{"key":"e_1_3_1_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"400","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-030-85469-0_25","volume-title":"19th Int. 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