{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,19]],"date-time":"2026-02-19T22:19:34Z","timestamp":1771539574466,"version":"3.50.1"},"publisher-location":"New York, NY, USA","reference-count":39,"publisher":"ACM","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1657152000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100000001","name":"NSF (National Science Foundation)","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["DUE-1914667, DUE-1915334"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["DUE-1914667, DUE-1915334"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100000001","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":[],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"DOI":"10.1145\/3502718.3524793","type":"proceedings-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]],"date-time":"2022-07-07T10:28:30Z","timestamp":1657189710000},"page":"255-261","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":3,"title":["Network Visualization and Assessment of Student Reasoning About Conditionals"],"prefix":"10.1145","author":[{"given":"Nathan","family":"Hurtig","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Joseph","family":"Hollingsworth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Rose-Hulman Institute of Technology, Terre Haute, IN, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sarah","family":"Blankenship","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eileen","family":"Kraemer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Murali","family":"Sitaraman","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Clemson University, Clemson, SC, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jason O.","family":"Hallstrom","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_1_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10494820.2020.1813180"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_2_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Using learning analytics to develop early-warning system for at-risk students","volume":"16","author":"G\u00f6","year":"2019","unstructured":"G\u00f6 khan Akcc ap?nar, Arif Altun , and Petek A?kar. 2019 . Using learning analytics to develop early-warning system for at-risk students . International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education , Vol. 16 , 1 (dec 2019), 40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-019-0172-z 10.1186\/s41239-019-0172-z G\u00f6 khan Akcc ap?nar, Arif Altun, and Petek A?kar. 2019. Using learning analytics to develop early-warning system for at-risk students . International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education , Vol. 16, 1 (dec 2019), 40. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/s41239-019-0172-z","journal-title":"International Journal of Educational Technology in Higher Education"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_3_1","volume-title":"The effect of online learning on communication between instructors and students during Covid-19 pandemic. Asian Education and Development Studies","author":"Alawamleh Mohammad","year":"2020","unstructured":"Mohammad Alawamleh , Lana Al-Twait , and Gharam Al-Saht . 2020. The effect of online learning on communication between instructors and students during Covid-19 pandemic. Asian Education and Development Studies , Vol. ahead-of-print ( 08 2020 ). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/AEDS-06--2020-0131 10.1108\/AEDS-06--2020-0131 Mohammad Alawamleh, Lana Al-Twait, and Gharam Al-Saht. 2020. The effect of online learning on communication between instructors and students during Covid-19 pandemic. Asian Education and Development Studies , Vol. ahead-of-print (08 2020). https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1108\/AEDS-06--2020-0131"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_4_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (Bilkent","author":"Ashok","year":"1822","unstructured":"Ashok R. Basawapatna and Alexander Repenning. 2010. Cyberspace Meets Brick and Mortar: An Investigation into How Students Engage in Peer to Peer Feedback Using Both Cyberlearning and Physical Infrastructures . In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (Bilkent , Ankara, Turkey) (ITiCSE '10). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 184--188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/ 1822 090.1822143 10.1145\/1822090.1822143 Ashok R. Basawapatna and Alexander Repenning. 2010. Cyberspace Meets Brick and Mortar: An Investigation into How Students Engage in Peer to Peer Feedback Using Both Cyberlearning and Physical Infrastructures. In Proceedings of the Fifteenth Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education (Bilkent, Ankara, Turkey) (ITiCSE '10). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 184--188. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/1822090.1822143"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_5_1","volume-title":"Fischer","author":"Bauer Daniel","year":"2007","unstructured":"Daniel Bauer , Veronika Kopp , and Martin R . Fischer . 2007 . Answer changing in multiple choice assessment change that answer when in doubt -- and spread the word! BMC Medical Education , Vol. 7 , 1 (24 Aug 2007), 28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472--6920--7--28 10.1186\/1472--6920--7--28 Daniel Bauer, Veronika Kopp, and Martin R. Fischer. 2007. Answer changing in multiple choice assessment change that answer when in doubt -- and spread the word! BMC Medical Education , Vol. 7, 1 (24 Aug 2007), 28. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1186\/1472--6920--7--28"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2011.185"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/pam.21728"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3084362"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2787622.2787710"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/ICSE.2012.6227243"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197091.3197133"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2716316"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_13_1","volume-title":"Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE","volume":"135","author":"Fredrik Heintz Tommy","year":"2016","unstructured":"Tommy F\"a rnqvist and Fredrik Heintz . 2016 . Competition and feedback through automated assessment in a data structures and algorithms course . Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE , Vol. 11--13-July (2016), 130-- 135 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2899415.2899454 10.1145\/2899415.2899454 Tommy F\"a rnqvist and Fredrik Heintz. 2016. Competition and feedback through automated assessment in a data structures and algorithms course . Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE , Vol. 11--13-July (2016), 130--135. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2899415.2899454"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_14_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, EDM 2016","author":"Faucon Louis","year":"2016","unstructured":"Louis Faucon , Lukasz Kidzinski , and Pierre Dillenbourg . 2016 . Semi-Markov model for simulating MOOC students . In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, EDM 2016 , Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, June 29 - July 2, 2016, Tiffany Barnes, Min Chi, and Mingyu Feng (Eds.). International Educational Data Mining Society (IEDMS), Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, 358--363. http:\/\/www.educationaldatamining.org\/EDM2016\/proceedings\/paper_112.pdf Louis Faucon, Lukasz Kidzinski, and Pierre Dillenbourg. 2016. Semi-Markov model for simulating MOOC students. In Proceedings of the 9th International Conference on Educational Data Mining, EDM 2016, Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, June 29 - July 2, 2016, Tiffany Barnes, Min Chi, and Mingyu Feng (Eds.). International Educational Data Mining Society (IEDMS), Raleigh, North Carolina, USA, 358--363. http:\/\/www.educationaldatamining.org\/EDM2016\/proceedings\/paper_112.pdf"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_15_1","article-title":"On the suitability of programming tasks for automated evaluation","volume":"5","author":"Michal Forivs","year":"2006","unstructured":"Michal Forivs ek. 2006 . On the suitability of programming tasks for automated evaluation . Informatics in Education-An International Journal , Vol. 5 , 1 (03 2006), 63--76. Michal Forivs ek. 2006. On the suitability of programming tasks for automated evaluation. Informatics in Education-An International Journal , Vol. 5, 1 (03 2006), 63--76.","journal-title":"Informatics in Education-An International Journal"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_16_1","volume-title":"A Human-Centric System for Symbolic Reasoning About Code . Ph.,D. Dissertation","author":"Fowler Megan","unstructured":"Megan Fowler . 2021. A Human-Centric System for Symbolic Reasoning About Code . Ph.,D. Dissertation . Clemson University , Clemson, SC 29634. Megan Fowler. 2021. A Human-Centric System for Symbolic Reasoning About Code . Ph.,D. Dissertation. Clemson University, Clemson, SC 29634."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.15388\/infedu.2021.24"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_18_1","volume-title":"Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE","volume":"58","author":"Gao Jianxiong","unstructured":"Jianxiong Gao , Bei Pang , and Steven S. Lumetta . 2016. Automated feedback framework for introductory programming courses . Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE , Vol. 11--13-July (2016), 53-- 58 . https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2899415.2899440 10.1145\/2899415.2899440 Jianxiong Gao, Bei Pang, and Steven S. Lumetta. 2016. Automated feedback framework for introductory programming courses . Annual Conference on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education, ITiCSE , Vol. 11--13-July (2016), 53--58. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2899415.2899440"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1595496.1562897"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_20_1","volume-title":"Gupta","author":"Giabbanelli Philippe J.","year":"2019","unstructured":"Philippe J. Giabbanelli , Andrew A. Tawfik , and Vishrant K . Gupta . 2019 . Learning Analytics to Support Teachers' Assessment of Problem Solving: A Novel Application for Machine Learning and Graph Algorithms . In Utilizing Learning Analytics to Support Study Success, Dirk Ifenthaler, Dana-Kristin Mah, and Jane Yin-Kim Yau (Eds.). Springer International Publishing , 175--199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--64792-0_11 10.1007\/978--3--319--64792-0_11 Philippe J. Giabbanelli, Andrew A. Tawfik, and Vishrant K. Gupta. 2019. Learning Analytics to Support Teachers' Assessment of Problem Solving: A Novel Application for Machine Learning and Graph Algorithms . In Utilizing Learning Analytics to Support Study Success, Dirk Ifenthaler, Dana-Kristin Mah, and Jane Yin-Kim Yau (Eds.). Springer International Publishing, 175--199. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1007\/978--3--319--64792-0_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-540-88479-8_32"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_22_1","first-page":"81","article-title":"On Inductive Progress in Algorithmic Problem Solving","volume":"8","author":"Ginat David","year":"2014","unstructured":"David Ginat . 2014 . On Inductive Progress in Algorithmic Problem Solving . Olympiads in Informatics , Vol. 8 (2014), 81 -- 91 . David Ginat. 2014. On Inductive Progress in Algorithmic Problem Solving. Olympiads in Informatics , Vol. 8 (2014), 81--91.","journal-title":"Olympiads in Informatics"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_23_1","volume-title":"An ACM 2013 exemplar course integrating fundamentals, languages, and software engineering. In The 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, SIGCSE 2014","author":"Hallstrom Jason O.","year":"2014","unstructured":"Jason O. Hallstrom , Cathy Hochrine , Jacob Sorber , and Murali Sitaraman . 2014 . An ACM 2013 exemplar course integrating fundamentals, languages, and software engineering. In The 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, SIGCSE 2014 , Atlanta, GA, USA, March 5--8 , 2014 , , J. D. Dougherty, Kris Nagel, Adrienne Decker, and Kurt Eiselt (Eds.). ACM, Atlanta, GA, USA, 211--216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2538862.2538969 10.1145\/2538862.2538969 Jason O. Hallstrom, Cathy Hochrine, Jacob Sorber, and Murali Sitaraman. 2014. An ACM 2013 exemplar course integrating fundamentals, languages, and software engineering. In The 45th ACM Technical Symposium on Computer Science Education, SIGCSE 2014, Atlanta, GA, USA, March 5--8, 2014 , , J. D. Dougherty, Kris Nagel, Adrienne Decker, and Kurt Eiselt (Eds.). ACM, Atlanta, GA, USA, 211--216. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2538862.2538969"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/903893.903919"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_25_1","volume-title":"Developing and using learning progressions as a schema for measuring progress","author":"Hess Karin","year":"2008","unstructured":"Karin Hess . 2008. Developing and using learning progressions as a schema for measuring progress . National Center for Assessment ( 2008 ). Karin Hess. 2008. Developing and using learning progressions as a schema for measuring progress. National Center for Assessment (2008)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/CSEET.2017.40"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1953163.1953225"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_28_1","volume-title":"The 1st Verified Software Competition: Experience Report. In FM 2011: Formal Methods , , Michael Butler and Wolfram Schulte (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg","author":"Klebanov Vladimir","year":"2011","unstructured":"Vladimir Klebanov , Peter M\u00fcller , Natarajan Shankar , Gary T. Leavens , Valentin W\u00fcstholz , Eyad Alkassar , Rob Arthan , Derek Bronish , Rod Chapman , Ernie Cohen , Mark Hillebrand , Bart Jacobs , K. Rustan M. Leino , Rosemary Monahan , Frank Piessens , Nadia Polikarpova , Tom Ridge , Jan Smans , Stephan Tobies , Thomas Tuerk , Mattias Ulbrich , and Benjamin Wei\u00df . 2011 . The 1st Verified Software Competition: Experience Report. In FM 2011: Formal Methods , , Michael Butler and Wolfram Schulte (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg , Berlin, Heidelberg, 154--168. Vladimir Klebanov, Peter M\u00fcller, Natarajan Shankar, Gary T. Leavens, Valentin W\u00fcstholz, Eyad Alkassar, Rob Arthan, Derek Bronish, Rod Chapman, Ernie Cohen, Mark Hillebrand, Bart Jacobs, K. Rustan M. Leino, Rosemary Monahan, Frank Piessens, Nadia Polikarpova, Tom Ridge, Jan Smans, Stephan Tobies, Thomas Tuerk, Mattias Ulbrich, and Benjamin Wei\u00df. 2011. The 1st Verified Software Competition: Experience Report. In FM 2011: Formal Methods , , Michael Butler and Wolfram Schulte (Eds.). Springer Berlin Heidelberg, Berlin, Heidelberg, 154--168."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_29_1","volume-title":"Project Based Learning : evaluation report and executive summary. Project Report","author":"Menzies Victoria","year":"2051","unstructured":"Victoria Menzies , Catherine Hewitt , Dimitra Kokotsaki , Clare Collyer , and Andy Wiggins . 2016. Project Based Learning : evaluation report and executive summary. Project Report . DU , London . http:\/\/dro.dur.ac.uk\/ 2051 3\/ Victoria Menzies, Catherine Hewitt, Dimitra Kokotsaki, Clare Collyer, and Andy Wiggins. 2016. Project Based Learning : evaluation report and executive summary. Project Report. DU, London. http:\/\/dro.dur.ac.uk\/20513\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_30_1","volume-title":"Tool-Assisted Loop Invariant Development and Analysis. In 29th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, CSEET 2016 . IEEE","author":"Priester Caleb","year":"2016","unstructured":"Caleb Priester , Yu-Shan Sun , and Murali Sitaraman . 2016 . Tool-Assisted Loop Invariant Development and Analysis. In 29th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, CSEET 2016 . IEEE , Dallas, TX, USA, 66--70. Caleb Priester, Yu-Shan Sun, and Murali Sitaraman. 2016. Tool-Assisted Loop Invariant Development and Analysis. In 29th IEEE International Conference on Software Engineering Education and Training, CSEET 2016 . IEEE, Dallas, TX, USA, 66--70."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3183508"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2493394.2493407"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00165-010-0154-3"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/FIE.2006.322570"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/15366367.2006.9678570"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jcal.12263"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_37_1","volume-title":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computing Education Research","author":"Tabanao Emily S.","year":"2016","unstructured":"Emily S. Tabanao , Ma. Mercedes T. Rodrigo , and Matthew C. Jadud . 2011. Predicting At-Risk Novice Java Programmers through the Analysis of Online Protocols . In Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computing Education Research ( Providence, Rhode Island, USA) (ICER '11). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 85--92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/ 2016 911.2016930 10.1145\/2016911.2016930 Emily S. Tabanao, Ma. Mercedes T. Rodrigo, and Matthew C. Jadud. 2011. Predicting At-Risk Novice Java Programmers through the Analysis of Online Protocols. In Proceedings of the Seventh International Workshop on Computing Education Research (Providence, Rhode Island, USA) (ICER '11). Association for Computing Machinery, New York, NY, USA, 85--92. https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/2016911.2016930"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_38_1","volume-title":"Modeling, Visualizing, and Analyzing Student Progress on Learning Maps. Ph.,D. Dissertation","author":"Vermaak Daan","unstructured":"Daan Vermaak . 2019. Modeling, Visualizing, and Analyzing Student Progress on Learning Maps. Ph.,D. Dissertation . University of Kansas. Daan Vermaak. 2019. Modeling, Visualizing, and Analyzing Student Progress on Learning Maps. Ph.,D. Dissertation. University of Kansas."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_1_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.compedu.2018.03.018"}],"event":{"name":"ITiCSE 2022: Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education","location":"Dublin Ireland","acronym":"ITiCSE 2022","sponsor":["SIGCSE ACM Special Interest Group on Computer Science Education"]},"container-title":["Proceedings of the 27th ACM Conference on on Innovation and Technology in Computer Science Education Vol. 1"],"original-title":[],"link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3502718.3524793","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3502718.3524793","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"syndication"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3502718.3524793","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T18:09:47Z","timestamp":1750183787000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3502718.3524793"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"references-count":39,"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3502718.3524793","10.1145\/3502718"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3502718.3524793","relation":{},"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,7,7]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2022-07-07","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}