{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,26]],"date-time":"2026-02-26T19:34:43Z","timestamp":1772134483526,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":51,"publisher":"Association for Computing Machinery (ACM)","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]],"date-time":"2022-01-22T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1642809600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"https:\/\/www.acm.org\/publications\/policies\/copyright_policy#Background"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["62172220 and 61802187"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["62172220 and 61802187"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100012226","name":"Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30920021133"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30920021133"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100012226","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100002858","name":"China Postdoctoral Science Foundation","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["2020M671500"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2020M671500"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100002858","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["dl.acm.org"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["ACM Trans. Graph."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>The detailed glinty appearance from complex surface microstructures enhances the level of realism but is both - and time-consuming to render, especially when viewed from far away (large spatial coverage) and\/or illuminated by area lights (large angular coverage). In this article, we formulate the glinty appearance rendering process as a spatio-angular range query problem of the Normal Distribution Functions (NDFs), and introduce an efficient spatio-angular prefiltering solution to it. We start by exhaustively precomputing all possible NDFs with differently sized positional coverages. Then we compress the precomputed data using tensor rank decomposition, which enables accurate and fast angular range queries. With our spatio-angular prefiltering scheme, we are able to solve both the storage and performance issues at the same time, leading to efficient rendering of glinty appearance with both constant storage and constant performance, regardless of the range of spatio-angular queries. Finally, we demonstrate that our method easily applies to practical rendering applications that were traditionally considered difficult. For example, efficient bidirectional reflection distribution function evaluation accurate NDF importance sampling, fast global illumination between glinty objects, high-frequency preserving rendering with environment lighting, and tile-based synthesis of glinty appearance.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3507915","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,23]],"date-time":"2022-01-23T06:27:13Z","timestamp":1642919233000},"page":"1-17","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Constant-Cost Spatio-Angular Prefiltering of Glinty Appearance Using Tensor Decomposition"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"41","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6135-7108","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hong","family":"Deng","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-5210-9487","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yang","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8943-8364","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Beibei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2709-4900","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jian","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"School of Computer Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6024-3854","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Lei","family":"Ma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Engineering Laboratory for Video Technology, Peking University, Haidian District, Beijing, China"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5673-6960","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nicolas","family":"Holzschuch","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University Grenoble Alpes, Inria, CNRS, Grenoble INP, LJK, avenue de l\u2019Europe, Grenoble, France"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9379-094X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ling-Qi","family":"Yan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of California, Santa Barbara, CA, USA"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.142618"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_3_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3072959.2990495"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00371-018-1606-7"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3451257"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882262.882265"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/357290.357293"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/964965.808600"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1576246.1531336"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3272127.3275058"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_11_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2019.2963015"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_12_2","article-title":"Understanding the masking-shadowing function in microfacet-based BRDFs","author":"Heitz E.","year":"2014","unstructured":"E. Heitz. 2014. Understanding the masking-shadowing function in microfacet-based BRDFs. J. Comput. Graph. Techn. 3, 2 (2014), 48\u2013107.","journal-title":"J. Comput. Graph. Techn."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3233304"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/sapm192761164"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_15_2","article-title":"Mitsuba Renderer","author":"Jakob Wenzel","year":"2010","unstructured":"Wenzel Jakob. 2010. Mitsuba Renderer. Retrieved from http:\/\/www.mitsuba-renderer.org\/.","journal-title":"http:\/\/www.mitsuba-renderer.org\/"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601186"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_17_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2977336.2977356"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_18_2","volume-title":"Real Shading in Unreal Engine 4","author":"Karis Brian","year":"2013","unstructured":"Brian Karis. 2013. Real Shading in Unreal Engine 4. Technical Report. Epic Games. Retrieved from http:\/\/blog.selfshadow.com\/publications\/s2013-shading-course\/karis\/s2013_pbs_epic_notes_v2.pdf."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_19_2","volume-title":"Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop on Texture Analysis and Synthesis (ICCV\u201903)","author":"Koudelka Melissa L.","year":"2003","unstructured":"Melissa L. Koudelka, Sebastian Magda, Peter N. Belhumeur, and David J. Kriegman. 2003. Acquisition, compression, and synthesis of bidirectional texture functions. In Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Vision Workshop on Texture Analysis and Synthesis (ICCV\u201903)."},{"key":"e_1_3_2_20_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3355089.3356525"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_21_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1095878.1095888"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_22_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186562.1015749"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_23_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13921"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_24_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13633"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_25_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925945"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_26_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1467-8659.2009.01495.x"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_27_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/882404.882429"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_28_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/882262.882281"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_29_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/566654.566612"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_30_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1179352.1141981"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_31_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13347"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_32_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5555\/2383847.2383874"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_33_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.14007"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_34_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1109\/TVCG.2018.2890466"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_35_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3406836"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_36_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3414685.3417792"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_37_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13547"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_38_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1186822.1073224"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_39_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/1661412.1618479"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_40_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/978-3-319-10578-9_11"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_41_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130800.3130840"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_42_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3450626.3459758"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_43_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3306346.3322936"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_44_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2508363.2508386"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_45_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2601097.2601155"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_46_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2897824.2925915"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_47_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3197517.3201351"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_48_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3130800.3130802"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_49_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/3386569.3392408"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_50_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2980179.2980228"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_51_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/cgf.13876"},{"key":"e_1_3_2_52_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1145\/2856400.2856409"}],"container-title":["ACM Transactions on Graphics"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3507915","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/pdf\/10.1145\/3507915","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,6,17]],"date-time":"2025-06-17T18:10:16Z","timestamp":1750183816000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/dl.acm.org\/doi\/10.1145\/3507915"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"references-count":51,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,4,30]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1145\/3507915"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/3507915","relation":{},"ISSN":["0730-0301","1557-7368"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0730-0301","type":"print"},{"value":"1557-7368","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,22]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-03-01","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2021-12-01","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-22","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}