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Storage"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,28]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>\n            We present\n            <jats:sc>Nap<\/jats:sc>\n            , a black-box approach that converts concurrent persistent memory (PM) indexes into non-uniform memory access (NUMA)-aware counterparts. Based on the observation that real-world workloads always feature skewed access patterns,\n            <jats:sc>Nap<\/jats:sc>\n            introduces a NUMA-aware layer (NAL) on the top of existing concurrent PM indexes, and steers accesses to hot items to this layer. The NAL maintains (1)\n            <jats:italic>per-node partial views<\/jats:italic>\n            in PM for serving insert\/update\/delete operations with failure atomicity and (2)\n            <jats:italic>a global view<\/jats:italic>\n            in DRAM for serving lookup operations. The NAL eliminates remote PM accesses to hot items without inducing extra local PM accesses. Moreover, to handle dynamic workloads,\n            <jats:sc>Nap<\/jats:sc>\n            adopts a fast NAL switch mechanism. We convert five state-of-the-art PM indexes using\n            <jats:sc>Nap<\/jats:sc>\n            . Evaluation on a four-node machine with Optane DC Persistent Memory shows that\n            <jats:sc>Nap<\/jats:sc>\n            can improve the throughput by up to 2.3\u00d7 and 1.56\u00d7 under write-intensive and read-intensive workloads, respectively.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3507922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]],"date-time":"2022-01-29T19:07:01Z","timestamp":1643483221000},"page":"1-35","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":6,"title":["Nap: Persistent Memory Indexes for NUMA Architectures"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"18","author":[{"given":"Qing","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Youyou","family":"Lu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Junru","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Minhui","family":"Xie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]},{"given":"Jiwu","family":"Shu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Computer Science and Technology, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China"}]}],"member":"320","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,1,29]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_3_2_2_2","unstructured":"2020. 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