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Frequently, a public camera\u2019s precise position, orientation, focal length, and image center are unknown; these attributes are necessary to precisely pinpoint the location of events seen in the camera. In this article, we ask: what is the minimal information needed to accurately estimate these properties for public cameras? We show, using a judicious combination of projective geometry, neural networks, and crowd-sourced annotations from human workers, that it is possible to, for example, localize 95% of the cameras in our test data set to within 12\u00a0m using a\n            <jats:italic>single image<\/jats:italic>\n            taken from the camera. This performance is an order of magnitude better than PoseNet, a state-of-the-art neural network that needs significantly more information than our approach, and can only estimate position and orientation (and not other properties). Finally, we show that the camera\u2019s inferred pose and properties can help design a number of\n            <jats:italic>virtual sensors<\/jats:italic>\n            , all of which have good accuracy.\n          <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1145\/3508393","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,4]],"date-time":"2022-02-04T14:09:13Z","timestamp":1643983753000},"page":"1-26","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1145\/crossmark-policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":2,"title":["Sensing the Sensor: Estimating Camera Properties with Minimal Information"],"prefix":"10.1145","volume":"18","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6857-6204","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Pradipta","family":"Ghosh","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1133-4183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xiaochen","family":"Liu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1206-9032","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Hang","family":"Qiu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9152-4114","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Marcos A. 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